# The occult symbols and where they come from

The real histories of the symbols people call occult: the square and compasses of Masonry, the pentagram from Pythagoras to Wicca and the Church of Satan, the all-seeing Eye of Providence on the dollar, the hexagram, and the Egyptian symbols adopted by later esoteric orders. Documented origins, with conspiracy over-readings flagged.

*This story part of: Money and finance*
*Courts, Masonic ritual, and the strawman pseudolaw myth parallel this story*

## c. 3001 BCE — The Eye of Horus (Wadjet) is used in ancient Egypt as a protective symbol

Ancient Egyptians use the Eye of Horus, or Wadjet, a stylized human-falcon eye referencing the myth of Horus's eye lost and restored in battle with Set, as an amulet of protection, health, and royal power, commonly placed in tombs and worn as jewelry.

## c. 2401 BCE — Egyptian obelisks are erected as solar monuments

Ancient Egyptians erect tall, tapering, single-stone obelisks, typically in pairs before temple pylons, dedicated to the sun god Ra and inscribed with royal and religious texts. They were understood as petrified rays of sunlight and markers of divine kingship.

## c. 1401 BCE — The ouroboros appears in ancient Egyptian funerary texts

A serpent or dragon devouring its own tail, the ouroboros, appears in Egyptian funerary texts such as the Enigmatic Book of the Netherworld, symbolizing the cyclical nature of time and the sun's daily rebirth. It later spreads into Greek, Gnostic, and alchemical traditions as a symbol of eternity and cyclical renewal.

## c. 1001 BCE — The hexagram is used in ancient Near Eastern magical and decorative contexts

Six-pointed star patterns, formed by two overlapping triangles, appear as a decorative and sometimes magical motif across the ancient Near East, used by various cultures without exclusive religious meaning. It is not originally or uniquely a Jewish symbol.

## c. 601 BCE — The caduceus, Hermes's herald staff, appears in Greek art

The caduceus, a staff with two entwined snakes topped by wings, is depicted as the attribute of Hermes (Roman Mercury), god of messengers, commerce, and boundaries, symbolizing negotiation and safe passage rather than medicine.

## c. 501 BCE — Pythagoreans study the pentagram as a symbol of health

The Pythagorean school in southern Italy uses the five-pointed star, formed by the diagonals of a regular pentagon, as a symbol of health and as a mathematical illustration of the golden ratio. Ancient sources describe it as a recognition sign among Pythagoreans, though direct primary evidence is thin and much comes from later commentators.

## c. 501 BCE — Rome adopts the fasces as a symbol of magisterial authority

The Roman Republic adopts the fasces, a bound bundle of wooden rods sometimes enclosing an axe, carried by lictors before magistrates, as the visual emblem of state power and the authority to punish. The symbol, inherited from earlier Etruscan practice, denoted strength through unity and lawful coercive authority.

## c. 501 BCE — The owl of Athena becomes a classical symbol of wisdom

Ancient Athens places the owl, sacred to the goddess Athena, on its silver coinage (the 'owl' tetradrachm), cementing the bird as the classical Western symbol of wisdom and learning, a meaning it retains in modern academic and civic iconography.

## c. 11 BCE — Rome transports Egyptian obelisks to the imperial capital

Emperor Augustus has obelisks shipped from Egypt to Rome to adorn the Circus Maximus and other public spaces, beginning a long practice of Western powers relocating Egyptian obelisks as trophies of conquest and prestige; later popes re-erected several in the 16th century as Christianized monuments topped with crosses.

## c. 300 — Alchemists adopt the ouroboros as a symbol of the Great Work

Greco-Egyptian alchemical manuscripts, including works attributed to Cleopatra the Alchemist, depict the ouroboros with the caption 'the One, the All' (hen to pan), using it to represent the unity of matter and the cyclical alchemical process. This use persisted through medieval and Renaissance alchemy into modern Jungian psychology, where Carl Jung took it up as an archetype of psychic wholeness.

## c. 1100 — The hexagram is used in medieval magic as the Seal of Solomon

Medieval magical and alchemical texts across the Islamic world and Christian Europe use the hexagram, called the Seal of Solomon, as a protective sign attributed to King Solomon's legendary power over demons, often interchangeably with the five-pointed pentagram of the same name. The hexagram and pentagram were used somewhat interchangeably for this purpose before later traditions distinguished them more sharply.

## 1354 — The hexagram becomes a recognized Jewish symbol, the Star of David

King Charles IV grants the Jewish community of Prague the right to its own flag, which bears a hexagram, one of the earliest documented uses of the six-pointed star as a specifically Jewish communal emblem (Magen David, 'Shield of David'). Its adoption as the universal symbol of Judaism, comparable to the cross for Christianity, developed gradually over the following centuries and was formalized further by 19th-century Jewish organizations and the 1897 First Zionist Congress, which placed it on the Zionist flag.

## c. 1400 — Pentagram used as a Christian symbol of the five wounds

In medieval Christian symbolism the pentagram represents the five wounds of Christ and appears in works such as the 14th-century poem Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, where it is called the 'endless knot' and stands for the five virtues of knighthood. At this stage the symbol carries no occult or diabolical association in mainstream use.

## c. 1400 — Stonemasons' guild marks use square and compasses

Working stonemasons' guilds in medieval Europe use the square and compasses as practical tools of the trade and as marks of the craft. These operative masons' lodges are the direct ancestor of speculative Freemasonry, which later turned the same tools into moral symbols.

## c. 1525 — The all-seeing eye appears in Christian art as a symbol of divine providence

Renaissance and Baroque Christian art uses an eye within a triangle, often surrounded by rays of light, to represent the omniscience of God, drawing on earlier eye-of-God and Trinity imagery. The motif is a mainstream Christian device for over two centuries before its use on American seals.

## 1533 — Agrippa publishes the pentagram as a magical seal

Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa's Three Books of Occult Philosophy includes diagrams of the human body inscribed in a pentagram, treating the shape as a figure of protective and ceremonial magic. This work becomes a foundational text of the Renaissance magical revival and shapes later ceremonial magic's use of the pentagram as a protective sigil.

## 24 June 1717 — Grand Lodge of England founded, square and compasses formalized

Four London lodges merge to form the first Grand Lodge, marking the birth of organized speculative Freemasonry. The square (representing morality and honesty) and the compasses (representing restraint and boundaries) become the fraternity's defining emblem, usually shown interlaced.

## c. 1730 — The beehive appears as a symbol of industry and cooperation in Masonic and civic emblems

Masonic tracing boards and rituals adopt the beehive as a symbol of diligence, cooperation, and orderly industry among the working craft, a common Enlightenment-era emblem also used on coins, seals, and civic buildings (notably later on the Utah state seal, chosen in 1848 by Mormon settlers unconnected to Freemasonry) to signify collective hard work.

## c. 1730 — The letter G added inside the square and compasses

English Masonic ritual and iconography add a capital letter G at the center of the square and compasses, standing for both 'Geometry' (the science underlying the craft) and 'God' or the 'Grand Architect of the Universe.' This variant becomes especially common in American and English Masonic emblems, though many jurisdictions use the plain square and compasses without the letter.

## 20 June 1782 — Congress adopts the Eye of Providence on the Great Seal of the United States

The Continental Congress approves the reverse of the Great Seal of the United States, designed with input from Pierre Eugene du Simitiere, showing an unfinished pyramid topped by an eye in a triangle, taken from the established Christian iconography of divine providence. Contemporary committee records describe it explicitly as a symbol of providence watching over the young nation, not a Masonic or Illuminati emblem; the design committee included no documented Freemasons among its key contributors.

## c. 1789 — The fasces is adopted as a civic emblem in the United States

Early American civic design, including the reverse of the Mercury dime (1916) and the fasces flanking the Lincoln Memorial and the rostrum of the US House of Representatives, adopts the Roman fasces as a neoclassical symbol of republican strength through unity, well before the term took on its 20th-century political meaning.

## c. 1797 — Freemasonry adopts the all-seeing eye as a lodge symbol

Masonic lodges begin using the eye in a triangle, radiating light, as a symbol of the Grand Architect of the Universe watching over the craft, appearing in Masonic publications such as Thomas Smith Webb's 1797 Freemason's Monitor. The symbol was already established in general Christian iconography before Freemasonry adopted it, so its presence on the Great Seal predates and is independent of this specific Masonic usage.

## c. 1800 — Square and compasses becomes Freemasonry's global emblem

By the early 1800s the square and compasses, often with the Volume of Sacred Law, is used worldwide as the recognized badge of Freemasonry, appearing on lodge buildings, rings, and gravestones. It remains one of the most widely recognized fraternal emblems in the world, denoting membership rather than any secret doctrine.

## 4 July 1848 — The Washington Monument is built as an obelisk

Construction begins on the Washington Monument, a large stone obelisk honoring George Washington, drawing on the neoclassical and Egyptian revival taste of the period rather than any specific occult program. Its cornerstone was laid in a Masonic ceremony, a common 19th-century civic custom, which some later conspiracy literature reinterprets as evidence of hidden Masonic symbolism; mainstream historians treat it as an architectural and civic choice, and that broader reading is treated here as contested.

## 1856 — Eliphas Levi draws the Baphomet within an inverted pentagram

French occultist Eliphas Levi publishes Dogme et Rituel de la Haute Magie with his famous drawing of the goat-headed Baphomet inscribed inside an inverted, two-point-up pentagram. Levi intended Baphomet as a symbol balancing opposites, not as a devil figure, but the image became the visual template later Satanist and occult groups drew on.

## 1868 — Order of the Eastern Star adopts the pentagram

The Order of the Eastern Star, a Masonic-affiliated fraternal organization open to women, formally adopts the five-pointed star, point downward, as its central emblem, with each point tied to a heroine of scripture. This is a documented, non-occult fraternal use of the inverted pentagram distinct from later Satanist symbolism.

## 1875 — Theosophical Society adopts a syncretic emblem including the ankh and swastika

Helena Blavatsky's Theosophical Society, founded in New York, adopts a composite seal combining a Star of David, ankh, swastika, ouroboros, and Om symbol, drawing on Egyptian and Eastern religious motifs to express its claim of a single, ancient wisdom tradition underlying all world religions. This is a documented act of symbol synthesis by a specific 19th-century organization, distinct from any single symbol's original ancient meaning.

## 1878 — Cleopatra's Needles are re-erected in London and New York

Ancient Egyptian obelisks known as Cleopatra's Needles, originally from Heliopolis, are transported and re-erected in London (1878) and New York's Central Park (1881) as gifts and prestige monuments, part of a broader 19th-century wave of Western Egyptomania following Napoleon's Egyptian campaign and the 1822 decipherment of hieroglyphs.

## 1888 — The Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn adopts Egyptian deity symbolism

The Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn, founded by William Wynn Westcott and Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers, incorporates Egyptian gods, the Eye of Horus, and hieroglyphic-style imagery into its ritual grades and regalia, blending them with Kabbalah, tarot, and astrology into a syncretic ceremonial magic system that shaped nearly all subsequent English-language occultism.

## 1902 — The US Army Medical Corps mistakenly adopts the caduceus as a medical emblem

The US Army Medical Corps officially adopts the caduceus, Hermes's two-snake staff, as its insignia, an error that conflates it with the similar but distinct single-snake Rod of Asclepius, the actual ancient Greek symbol of the healing god Asclepius. This documented mix-up is why the two-snake caduceus is common in American commercial medical branding despite historically representing commerce and messages, not medicine.

## 1904 — Aleister Crowley founds the OTO's Egyptian-influenced Thelemic ritual system

Aleister Crowley writes The Book of the Law in Cairo, describing a channeled revelation from an entity he called Aiwass, and subsequently reshapes the Ordo Templi Orientis (OTO) around Thelemic ritual drawing heavily on Egyptian deities such as Horus, Nuit, and Hadit. The Stele of Revealing, an ancient Egyptian artifact Crowley viewed in a Cairo museum, became central to Thelemic iconography.

## 1919 — Mussolini's National Fascist Party takes its name and emblem from the fasces

Benito Mussolini's movement adopts the fasces as its namesake symbol, and the party takes the name 'Fascism' from it, permanently associating the ancient Roman emblem in the 20th-century public mind with Italian Fascism, even though the symbol continued to appear unrelated on older American civic monuments predating this association.

## 1929 — Bohemian Grove adopts a giant owl statue for its ceremonies

The Bohemian Club, a private San Francisco social club founded in 1872, builds a large concrete owl statue at its Bohemian Grove retreat and stages an annual 'Cremation of Care' ceremony before it, a theatrical ritual documented by journalists and former attendees (including footage from Alex Jones's 2000 infiltration) symbolizing the shedding of worldly cares, not a literal deity. The ceremony's mock-solemn character and the club's membership of prominent business and political figures have fueled conspiracy claims of occult ruling-class ritual; those specific claims of hidden power-worship are contested and go beyond what documented accounts of the theatrical ceremony support.

## 1935 — Eye of Providence placed on the one-dollar bill

At the urging of Vice President Henry Wallace, Treasury Secretary Henry Morgenthau approves putting both sides of the Great Seal, including the pyramid and Eye of Providence, on the redesigned one-dollar bill. The choice reflected Wallace's interest in the Seal's symbolism, not an Illuminati or Masonic directive; claims that the dollar bill proves ongoing Illuminati control of US government are widely circulated but are not supported by documentary evidence and are treated here as contested.

## 28 October 1948 — Star of David placed on the flag of the State of Israel

The provisional government of Israel formally adopts a blue hexagram on a white field between two blue stripes as the national flag, cementing the Star of David as the central emblem of both Judaism and the modern Israeli state.

## c. 1954 — Wicca adopts the upright pentagram as a sacred symbol

Gerald Gardner's published Wiccan tradition uses the upright, single-point-up pentagram to represent the five classical elements (earth, air, fire, water, spirit) crowned by spirit at the top. In Wicca and much of modern Paganism the upright pentagram denotes this elemental balance and carries no Satanic connotation; inversion of the same symbol is the marker ceremonial magicians and some Satanist groups use for different, contested meanings.

## 1966 — Church of Satan adopts the inverted pentagram with goat head, the Sigil of Baphomet

Anton LaVey founds the Church of Satan and adopts the 'Sigil of Baphomet': a goat's head inscribed in an inverted pentagram, surrounded by Hebrew letters spelling Leviathan, as its official emblem. This is the origin of the pentagram-with-goat-head as a modern Satanist symbol, a deliberate homage to Eliphas Levi's 1856 drawing.

## c. 1970 — The ankh becomes a widely recognized symbol of Egyptian revival and countercultural spirituality

Following a century of Egyptological popularization and Theosophical and occult adoption, the ankh, ancient Egypt's hieroglyphic sign for 'life,' becomes a widely worn popular symbol in Western countercultural, New Age, and neopagan circles, detached from its original funerary and royal Egyptian religious context.

## c. 1975 — The eye-and-pyramid becomes shorthand for Illuminati conspiracy claims

Popular conspiracy literature, notably the Illuminatus! trilogy and later chain-letter and internet material, popularizes the claim that the Eye of Providence on US currency is a secret Illuminati or Masonic signature proving hidden control of government. This reading is contested: mainstream historians point to the documented 1782 committee record showing a conventional Christian-providence design intent, with no primary source linking it to the Bavarian Illuminati, which was founded in 1776 and had no known American members at the time.

## 2007 — US courts and military recognize the pentagram as a valid religious symbol

Following a lawsuit, the US Department of Veterans Affairs adds the Wiccan pentacle to the list of approved religious emblems for veterans' headstones, formally recognizing the upright pentagram as a legitimate religious symbol under US law rather than an occult or Satanic marker.