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10 event(s), 9 uncited and 2 outside stories on this page

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  1. c. 2070 BCE Legendary founding of the Xia dynasty legendary 0 cit. Chinese tradition holds that Yu the Great founded the Xia around 2070 BCE, making it the first hereditary dynasty. No contemporary written records confirm it, so its existence remains debated. politics / society ●●●●
  2. c. 11 February 660 BCE Traditional Founding of Japan legendary 0 cit. no story By tradition, Emperor Jimmu ascends the throne in 660 BCE, founding the Japanese imperial line; the date is legendary but remains Japan's National Foundation Day. culture / politics ●●●●
  3. c. 3 September 301 Founding of San Marino legendary 0 cit. no story By tradition, the stonemason Marinus founds a monastic community on Mount Titano in 301 CE, the origin of the world's oldest surviving republic. politics / religion ●●
  4. c. 301 Armenia becomes the first Christian state legendary 0 cit. By tradition, King Tiridates III converts and makes Christianity the religion of the Armenian kingdom after Gregory the Illuminator brings him to the faith. This is generally regarded as the first time a state adopted Christianity, more than a decade before Rome's Edict of Milan. The traditional date of 301 is debated, with some scholars favoring around 314, so it is treated as approximate. politics / religion ●●●
  5. c. 452 Leo the Great turns back Attila legendary 0 cit. Pope Leo I met Attila the Hun near Mantua and, by tradition, persuaded him to withdraw from Italy. The episode became a symbol of the bishop of Rome acting where the Western emperors could not. politics / religion ●●●
  6. January 1077 Henry IV at Canossa legendary 0 cit. Henry IV crossed the winter Alps and, by tradition, stood barefoot in the snow for three days outside the castle of Canossa to beg the pope's forgiveness. Gregory VII lifted the excommunication. The scene became a lasting symbol of a king humbled by the Church, though some historians read it as a shrewd move by Henry to win back his crown and outflank his rivals. politics / religion ●●●
  7. c. 1438 Pachacuti and the imperial expansion legendary 0 cit. After turning back a Chanca attack on Cusco, the ruler Pachacuti launches the conquests that turn the Inca kingdom into an empire. He and his successors, Tupac Inca Yupanqui and Huayna Capac, extend Inca rule along the Andes over roughly the next century. Pachacuti is also credited by tradition with rebuilding Cusco and beginning Machu Picchu. politics / war ●●
  8. 24 June 1717 Founding of the Premier Grand Lodge of England legendary 0 cit. Four London lodges met at the Goose and Gridiron alehouse and formed the first Grand Lodge, traditionally dated to 24 June 1717. This is usually taken as the birth of organized Freemasonry, though some scholars argue for 1721. politics / religion / society ●●●●●
  9. 1933 The Nazis weaponize the Jewish finance lie legendary 1 cit. Nazi propaganda made the myth of Jewish financial and world control a core message, casting Jews as the hidden power behind both banking and communism to justify persecution. This lie helped pave the road to the Holocaust, in which six million Jews were murdered. The trope of international Jewish finance is not a harmless exaggeration; it was central to the deadliest genocide of the modern era and is false in every part. politics / war ●●●
  10. March 1942 The Japanese occupation of the Indies legendary 0 cit. Japan overruns the Dutch East Indies in weeks, ending three centuries of Dutch power and interning tens of thousands of Dutch and Eurasian civilians. The occupation is brutal, but it also shatters the myth of European invincibility and lets nationalist leaders build support for independence. politics / war ●●●