Events, Verisoph

1943 1943: s work on machines that deciphered coded language. In early 1943, as C rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story s work on machines that deciphered coded language. In early 1943, as Colossus was being designed at Bletchley Park, Turing sailed across the Atlantic ●●

1943 1943: and Peter Samson in 1962 playing Spacewar at MIT. Nolan Bushnell (1943 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story and Peter Samson in 1962 playing Spacewar at MIT. Nolan Bushnell (1943– ). ●●

1943 Event of 1943 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story h that Stalin is not that kind of man … I think if I give him everything that I possibly can and ask nothing from him in return, noblesse oblige, he won’t try to annex anything and will work for a world of democracy and peace. During the first encoun ●●

1943 Information history in 1943 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story onsciousness to ‘jump over its own shadow,’ to leave behind the given, to represent the transcendent, yet, as is self-evident, only in symbols. ”♦ In 1943 the English mathematician and code breaker Al ●●

1943 In a report to the Navy Bureau of Ordnance in 1943 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In a report to the Navy Bureau of Ordnance in 1943, von Neumann, who normally limited his use of exclamation marks in his mathematical writings to the ●●

1943 “Almost continuous: from Princeton to Boston rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story “Almost continuous: from Princeton to Boston, from Boston to Washington, from Washington to New York—a short stop in Princeton, then to Aberdeen, Mary ●●

1943 We do know that he made a visit in late April of 1943 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story We do know that he made a visit in late April of 1943, with John Todd, to Her Majesty’s Nautical Almanac Office, one of the largest non-secret computi ●●

1943 “Numbers may be added or multiplied quickly and without the rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story “Numbers may be added or multiplied quickly and without the complication of timing impulses, clearing impulses or the like,” wrote Rajchman and Snyder ●●

1943 all-digital “Electronic Computing Device” that would perform candidate ai_extracted 1 cit. no story On October 30, 1943, he filed a patent for an all-digital “Electronic Computing Device” that would perform binary arithmetic at electronic speeds, usi ●●

1943 Herman Goldstine gave a briefing to the director of the labo rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story On April 9, 1943, Herman Goldstine gave a briefing to the director of the laboratory, Colonel Leslie E ●●

1943 e to my presentation and teetering on the back legs of his c rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Simon, “at which Veblen after listening for a short while to my presentation and teetering on the back legs of his chair brought the chair down with a ●●

1943 Wiener and Bigelow publish 'Behavior, Purpose and Teleology' ai_extracted 1 cit. no story With neurophysiologist Arturo Rosenblueth, Bigelow and Wiener coauthored a 1943 paper, “Behavior, Purpose and Teleology,” that suggested unifying prin ●●

1943 ” explained neurophysiologist Warren McCulloch rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story “Cybernetics came into its own,” explained neurophysiologist Warren McCulloch, “when Julian Bigelow pointed out the fact that it was only information ●●

1943 “At the end of those 2 days we were all convinced rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story “At the end of those 2 days we were all convinced, everyone in the room, that at last we had something.… The bickering was gone.… That is when it bega ●●

1943 the Atlantic.” Jack Good remembers that upon Turing’s return rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story He returned in a destroyer or similar naval vessel and experienced a good tossing on the Atlantic.” Jack Good remembers that upon Turing’s return from ●●

1943 “I want to become independent of the regulated academic life rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story “I want to become independent of the regulated academic life,” von Neumann had written to Klári from Los Alamos in 1943—a goal that was finally within ●●

1943 We are back to where Julian Bigelow and Norbert Wiener left rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story We are back to where Julian Bigelow and Norbert Wiener left off, at the close of their precomputer “Behavior, Purpose and Teleology,” in 1943 ●●

1943 McCulloch’s 1943 results on the powers—including Turing univ candidate ai_extracted 1 cit. no story “Pitts-McCulloch!” refers to Walter Pitts and Warren McCulloch’s 1943 results on the powers—including Turing universality—of what we now call neural n ●●

1943 You immediately saw how you would write down sequences of st rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story “You immediately saw how you would write down sequences of statements to solve any particular problem,” says Schwarzschild, emphasizing “how dumb we w ●●

1943 the high-explosive blockbusters of 1943 had become thermonuc rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Eight years later, the high-explosive blockbusters of 1943 had become thermonuclear weapons, and the ENIAC and the Colossus had become fully universal ●●

1943 “Electronic Computing Device” (Rajchman, 1943) “Electronic rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story “Electronic Computing Device” (Rajchman, 1943) “Electronic Diff ●●

1943 d under the keyword “Twins camp,” was coded rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story d under the keyword “Twins camp,” was coded G for geheime, or “secret.” Verschuer explained, “Analysis of material obtained from the twins camp continued during the half-year reporting period October 1943 to March 15, 1944. Some 25 psychological analyses, each of which consisted of about 200 pages, ●●

1943 Italian Christian Democratic party (DC) founded ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The Italian Christian Democratic party—the Democrazia Cristiana or DC—was founded in 1943 as an heir to the Partito Popolare and originally conceived of itself as a progressive, mass-based party that would compete with the Italian Communists. ●●

1943 September 1943, and record of first meeting of Colonial Demography Research Group, September 24, ... rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story September 1943, and record of first meeting of Colonial Demography Research Group, September 24, 1943, UKNA, CO 927/10; T. ●●

1943 As early as 26 May Ribbentrop drafted a full set of instructions for the German embassy in Moscow, i rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story As early as 26 May Ribbentrop drafted a full set of instructions for the German embassy in Moscow, in which he firmly underlined the essen- tially anti-British emphasis of Germany’s policy both in Europe and in its relations with Japan.''* But these ●●

1943 eae Relations of the United rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story eae Relations of the United States, 1943, China (U.S ●●

1943 Wittner, American Intervention in Greece, rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Wittner, American Intervention in Greece, 1943-1949 (Columbia University Press, NY, 1982) passim.Churchill quote: Kati Marton, The Polk Conspiracy: Murder and Cover-Up in the Case of CBS News Correspondent George Polk (New York, 1990), p ●●

1943 Life magazine devotes issue to the Soviet Union ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In 1943 Life maga-zine devoted an entire issue in honor of the Soviet Union’s accomplishments, going far beyond what was demanded by the need for wartime solidarity, going so far as to call Lenin “perhaps the greatest man of modern times”.! ●●

1943 Demands were made that the candidate ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Demands were made that the government return to the strict neutrality provided for in the National Pact of 1943 at the time of Lebanon’s declaration of independence from France ●●

1943 Birth of William Cooper ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Milton William Cooper, the author of Behold a Pale Horse, was born into a military family; he would go on to serve in the Air Force and Navy before becoming a well-known conspiracy researcher and radio broadcaster. ●●

1943 War Department agrees to fund ENIAC ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Army officials approve funding for Mauchly and Eckert's proposed electronic computer, which becomes ENIAC. ●●

1943 Flowers completes the first Colossus computer ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Tommy Flowers builds the first Colossus machine at Bletchley Park, the first fully electronic, programmable, operational digital computer. ●●

15 September 1944 to 25 April 1945 Lapland War wikidata 0 cit. no story 1944-1945 war between Finland and Germany ●●●●

17 June 1944 Independence of Iceland 0 cit. no story Iceland ends its union with Denmark and founds a republic, following a referendum held during the German occupation of Denmark. politics ●●

1944 Allied landing at Anzio ai_extracted 1 cit. no story On January 22, 1944, two Allied divisions landed at Anzio behind the German rear to cut communications toward Monte Cassino. Kesselring quickly sealed off the beachhead, producing a months-long stalemate. ●●

1944 Allied forces enter Rome ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The stalemate broke in May 1944, and on June 4, 1944, the American 88th Division, an all-selective-service unit, entered Rome. Retreating Germans murdered prisoners and civilians as they withdrew. ●●

1944 D-Day: the invasion of Normandy ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The long-planned cross-Channel invasion, Overlord, began on D-Day, June 6, 1944. It followed nine months of preparations after the Teheran Conference and opened the western front against Germany. ●●

1944 July 20 plot to assassinate Hitler ai_extracted 1 cit. no story On July 20, 1944, Colonel Klaus von Stauffenberg left a briefcase bomb beside Hitler's chair at his East Prussian headquarters. Hitler survived because the meeting was in a wooden shed and he had moved away, and the failed plot led to thousands of arrests and executions. ●●

1944 Germany launches the V-2 rocket against England ai_extracted 1 cit. no story On September 8, 1944, the V-1 flying bomb was superseded by the far superior V-2, a rocket that could not be intercepted because it flew faster than sound. About 1,050 fell on England, but the weapons achieved no military results. ●●

1944 Liberation of Paris ai_extracted 1 cit. no story General Leclerc's French 2nd Armored Division burst into Paris on August 24, 1944, and accepted the surrender of the German garrison of 10,000 men. The city's citizens had risen in revolt on August 19th. ●●

1944 De Gaulle heads a provisional government in Paris ai_extracted 1 cit. no story On August 26, 1944, De Gaulle entered Paris and was made president of a provisional government formed by returning exiles and underground leaders. The main Allied armies swept past the city toward the German frontier. ●●

1944 Romania surrenders to the Allies ai_extracted 1 cit. no story After King Michael overthrew Antonescu, Romania's armistice was signed on September 12, 1944, formally to the United Nations but with enforcement left to the Soviet High Command. The Anglo-British members of the control commission were reduced to observers. ●●

1944 Churchill-Stalin percentages agreement on the Balkans ai_extracted 1 cit. no story At the Moscow Conference of October 9-18, 1944, Churchill and Stalin agreed to divide Anglo-Soviet interests in the Balkans on a percentage basis, with Russia predominant in Romania and Bulgaria and Britain in Greece. Hungary and Yugoslavia were split fifty-fifty. ●●

1944 Warsaw Home Army forced to surrender ai_extracted 1 cit. no story After rising against the Germans at Soviet invitation, the Polish Home Army in Warsaw surrendered on October 3, 1944, following sixty-three days of hopeless fighting while Soviet forces halted nearby and blocked supplies. Quigley calls this Soviet treachery that removed the chief obstacle to Communist rule in Poland. ●●

1944 American invasion of Leyte moved up to October ai_extracted 1 cit. no story On Admiral Halsey's suggestion, the invasion of Leyte in the Philippines was advanced from December 20 to October 20, 1944, canceling four intermediate landings. Roosevelt and Churchill approved the change within ninety minutes at the Second Quebec Conference. ●●

1944 Battle of Leyte, the largest naval conflict in history ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The American landing at Leyte in October 1944 provoked the Japanese into the Battle of Leyte, which Quigley calls the largest naval conflict in history. It ended the Japanese Navy as an effective fighting force and was the last battle in which battleships played a role. ●●

1944 Theory of Games and Economic Behavior published ai_extracted 1 cit. no story John von Neumann and Oskar Morgenstern published Theory of Games and Economic Behavior in 1944, founding game theory as a tool for analyzing conflict and decisions. ●●

1944 German V-2 rockets strike London and Antwerp ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Work by von Braun and others at Peenemuende produced the V-2, which bombarded London and Antwerp from September 1944 until the end of the war. ●●

1944 First V-1 flying bombs over England ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Germany launched its V-1 robot planes against England from 12 June 1944. Proximity-fused defenses eventually destroyed most of them. ●●

1944 First plutonium pile goes critical at Hanford ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The first giant plutonium-producing pile at Hanford went critical on 27 September 1944, then unexpectedly shut itself down and restarted, a problem later traced to a neutron-absorbing xenon isotope. ●●

1944 Strategic Bombing Survey established ai_extracted 1 cit. no story On 3 November 1944 the Secretary of War set up a twelve-man committee to conduct a Strategic Bombing Survey, whose findings largely failed to support the claims of air-power advocates. ●●

1944 Halifax's Toronto speech for a single-voice Commonwealth (24 Jan 1944) ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In a speech to the Toronto Board of Trade on 24 January 1944, Lord Halifax argued Britain could not remain a great power on its own and urged coordinated Commonwealth foreign policy and defense. ●●

1944 The July 1944 attempt to assassinate Hitler ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Quigley traces the 1938 conspiracy forward to its eventual fruition in the 20 July 1944 bomb plot against Hitler. ●●

1944 Intellectuals rank Bellamy's 'Looking Backwards' near Das Kapital ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Gatto reports that in 1944 Charles Beard, John Dewey, and Edward Weeks each named Edward Bellamy's utopian novel Looking Backwards the most influential modern book after Marx's Das Kapital. ●●

1944 Karl Polanyi publishes The Great Transformation ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Gatto cites Karl Polanyi's 1944 book The Great Transformation, which he reads as concluding that modern history points toward the end of liberty. He uses it to frame schooling as part of a loss of freedom. ●●

1944 Schacht arrested after July 20 plot ai_extracted 1 cit. no story After the failed July 20, 1944, plot to assassinate Hitler, Schacht was arrested and imprisoned in Berlin. He was held not for proven complicity but for his potential value as a hostage or intermediary. ●●

1944 Montagu Norman retires and is made a peer ai_extracted 1 cit. no story After an infection following a fall damaged his health, Norman retired as Bank of England governor in 1944. He was raised to the peerage as Lord Norman of St. Clere and died in 1950. ●●

1944 Bretton Woods conference opens ai_extracted 1 cit. no story On June 30, 1944, the international monetary conference opened at the Mount Washington Hotel in New Hampshire. Its 44 nations designed the postwar system built on the plans of Keynes and White. ●●

1944 Bretton Woods conference closes ai_extracted 1 cit. no story On July 22, 1944, the Bretton Woods conference closed with a banquet where Keynes gave the final address. It established the International Monetary Fund and the postwar monetary system that endured for thirty years. ●●

1944 Individual Income Tax Act of 1944 lifts top rate to 94% ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The Individual Income Tax Act of 1944 went further, raising the top-bracket tax rate to 94 percent.) It wasn’t so much the income tax elements of the Revenue Act of 1935 that... ●●

1944 SS takes over the Nordhausen rocket works ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In late 1944 the general reached an agreement with Heinrich Himmler, head of the SS, under which the SS’s representative, Hans Kammler, took over day-to-day management at Nordhausen on the condition that selected Dornberger subordinates (like latter-day U. ●●

1944 ” As late as 1944 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story ” As late as 1944 Six spoke at a conference of “consultants” on the “Jewish Question” at Krummhübel. The stenographic notes of the meeting indicate that “Six spoke … about the political structure of world Jewry. ●●

1944 After liberation in 1944, political rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story After liberation in 1944, political power in that country had teetered uneasily between a nationalist-Communist alliance dominated by the Greek Communist party (EAM), on the one hand, and the weakened Greek monarchist forces. ●●

1944 SANACC was originally founded in rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story SANACC was originally founded in 1944 as SWNCC (“State, War, Navy Coordinating Committee”), then changed its name with the reorganization of the War Department in 1947. The NSC coexisted with SANACC from 1947 through 1949, then eventually absorbed it. ●●

1944 cover organization for the Radio candidate ai_extracted 1 cit. no story cover organization for the Radio Liberation operation, the American Committee for the Liberation of the Peoples of Russia, took its name directly from Vlasov’s Komitet Osvobozhdeniia Narodov Rossii (KONR), which had been created under joint SS and Nazi Foreign Office sponsorship in Prague in 1944. ●●

1944 A Czechoslovakian court tried him rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story A Czechoslovakian court tried him in absentia and condemned him to death for war crimes, including four massacres of civilians by troops under his personal command which took place in late 1944 and early 1945 in Nazi-occupied Czechoslovakia. Many of the victims were women and children. ●●

1944 *3 As Nazi Germany collapsed rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story *3 As Nazi Germany collapsed during late 1944 and early 1945, many senior church officials helped organize a massive campaign of refugee relief for millions of Catholics fleeing from Eastern Europe. ●●

1944 Deportation of Hungary's Jews to death camps ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In Hungary Germany installed a more cooperative prime minister in 1944 and succeeded in deporting about 70 percent of the country’s Jewish population—more than 400,000 people—to death camps in a matter of weeks. In the Baltic countries of Latvia and Lithuania, the subtleties of St. ●●

1944 against Communist aggression [in Korea]. Whay [sic] are those Latvians rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story against Communist aggression [in Korea]. Whay [sic] are those Latvians who did the same in 1944—defend our country Latvia, against Communist aggression—not now admitted to the U.S.... ●●

1944 Constantine Boldyreff was a founder of NTS and a senior rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Constantine Boldyreff was a founder of NTS and a senior leader of the group throughout the war. His wartime career is shrouded in secrecy today; but it is clear that the CIC believ... ●●

1944 Justice Department has itself proved to be false. “When the rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Justice Department has itself proved to be false. “When the Red Army advanced westward across Poland in 1944 it captured massive quantities of German personnel files,” U.S. Justice... ●●

1944 cit., p. 259; on Dornberger’s knowledge of atrocities, see “Nieders... rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story cit., p. 259; on Dornberger’s knowledge of atrocities, see “Niederschrift über die Besprechung um 6.5.1944 im Büro Generaldirektor Rickhey [“Transcript Dealing with the Conference ... ●●

1944 Washington Section R&C 78, Bern, June 1, 1944, to July rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Washington Section R&C 78, Bern, June 1, 1944, to July 31, 1944, Entry 134, Box 276, RG 226, NA. 8. The Hungarian incident is discussed in captured Nazi correspondence dated Januar... ●●

1944 Report of the Combined Intelligence Objectives Subcommittee. Washin... rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Report of the Combined Intelligence Objectives Subcommittee. Washington, D.C., 1944. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE Case Records U.S. ●●

1944 War-Navy Coordinating Committee and State-Army-Navy-Air Force Coord... rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story War-Navy Coordinating Committee and State-Army-Navy-Air Force Coordinating Committee Case Files 1944–1949. Wilmington, Del., Scholarly Resources, Inc., 1978. ●●

1944 Bretton Woods Conference convenes in New Hampshire ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In July 1944, 730 delegates from 44 Allied nations gathered at the Mount Washington Hotel in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, for three weeks. They debated and established the International Monetary Fund and World Bank to govern postwar global finance. ●●

1944 Bretton Woods Conference Establishes Global Finance System rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In July 1944, 730 delegates representing 44 Allied nations gathered at the Mount Washington Hotel in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire. Over three weeks of deliberation they designed the International Monetary Fund and World Bank. ●●

1944 Aldrich issues currency plan opposing Bretton Woods ai_extracted 1 cit. no story On September 16, 1944, Chase chairman Winthrop Aldrich issued a Proposed Currency Plan criticizing the Bretton Woods accords. Aldrich opposed the IMF as a potential obstacle to private banker control over global finance. ●●

1944 “Afterwards, people began dying.” Jacobo Arbenz Guzman was the second rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story “Afterwards, people began dying.” Jacobo Arbenz Guzman was the second of two presidents who governed Guatemala during the country’s “democratic spring (1944) ●●

1944 Soon after Guatemala turned democratic, in 1944, Zemurray sensed that rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Soon after Guatemala turned democratic, in 1944, Zemurray sensed that its reformist government would give the company trouble (1944) ●●

1944 Until Guatemala turned to democracy, in 1944, the United States rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Until Guatemala turned to democracy, in 1944, the United States had been its main arms supplier (1944) ●●

1944 The hardheaded banker flirted with fanciful schemes for worl... (1944) rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Alice sometimes seemed dazed, shell-shocked, by the expulsion from Eden. On two trips to New York, Siegmund perceived the pathos of Alice’s abstractio... ●●

1944 By his first night there (1944) rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Also, a spot check showed that the British Museum didn’t have 30 percent of the books in the Warburg Institute, confirming the library’s local value. ... ●●

1944 CHAPTER 37––Charnel House In the autumn of 1944 (1944) rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story CHAPTER 37––Charnel House In the autumn of 1944, Eric set foot on German territory for the first time since 1938, as the Allies carried the ground wa... ●●

1944 CHAPTER 38––The Upstart On April 18 (1944) rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Their plain, stoic, no-nonsense manner pleased the German puritanism he had imbibed from his mother. After a “doodlebug” attack on London in 1944, he ... ●●

1944 CHAPTER 41––Museum Pieces In 1941 (1944) rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story When Frieda moved into a duplex apartment at 1 East Eighty-Eighth Street, she couldn’t bear to see the old house razed. In 1944, on the seventy-third ... ●●

1944 War, Money, and the Nation-State Let us now rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Yet it would be wrong to assume that the functions of raising revenues, supporting armies, equipping fleets, sending instructions, and directing military campaigns in the sixteenth and seventeenth cen ●●

1944 1. MMW. EV, 1, letter from Eric Warburg rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story 1. MMW. EV, 1, letter from Eric Warburg to his parents, October 18, 1944. ●●

1944 Manly Hall publishes The Secret Destiny of America ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Manly Hall published The Secret Destiny of America from his Philosophical Research Society campus, presenting his thesis that enlightened intellects and secret societies like Freemasonry influenced the founding of the United States with principles of liberty and religious toleration. ●●

1944 On the other hand, we don’t plan to have bombs in production until the first par rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story On the other hand, we don’t plan to have bombs in production until the first part of 1944.1600 Compton encouraged Wigner’s group to design a water-cooled pile but ordered up detailed engineering studies only of a system using helium. ●●

1944 It predicted enough fissionable material for a test in eighteen months—by March rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story It predicted enough fissionable material for a test in eighteen months—by March 1944. ●●

1944 Word came by way of clandestine shortwave radio from the Rjukan area on February rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Word came by way of clandestine shortwave radio from the Rjukan area on February 9, 1944, that the heavy water would be transported under guard to Germany within a week or two—not enough warning to prepare and drop in a squad of saboteurs. ●●

1944 A succession of trains delivered them into a fantastic landscape—Frisch and anot rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story A succession of trains delivered them into a fantastic landscape—Frisch and another man in December, the larger group early in 1944—and there in the bright sunlight of a pine-shouldered mesa was Robert Oppenheimer smoking a pipe and shading his close-cropped military haircut with a pork-pie hat: “Welcome to Los Alamos, and who the devil are you?”1981, 1982, 1983 They were Churchill’s flying wedge. ●●

1944 At the end of March 1944, Bohr seemingly had a mandate from the President of the candidate ai_extracted 1 cit. no story At the end of March 1944, Bohr seemingly had a mandate from the President of the United States to talk to the Prime Minister of Great Britain. ●●

1944 The IBM equipment arrived early in April 1944 and the Theoretical Division immed rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The IBM equipment arrived early in April 1944 and the Theoretical Division immediately put it to good use running brute-force implosion numbers. ●●

1944 Largest atomic pile yet assembled is completed ai_extracted 1 cit. no story But after a couple of seconds he relaxed, realizing that under no circumstances could natural uranium and natural wood in any configuration cause a chain reaction.2103 Tuesday evening, September 26, 1944, the largest atomic pile yet assembled on earth was ready. ●●

1944 During the summer of 1944, Conant says, on an earlier inspection trip to Los Ala rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story During the summer of 1944, Conant says, on an earlier inspection trip to Los Alamos, he and Bush had found leisure and privacy to discuss “what the policy of the United States should be after the war was over.”2113 As a result they had sent Secretary of War Henry L. ●●

1944 Robert Oppenheimer also committed himself at that time to exploring the thermonu candidate ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Robert Oppenheimer also committed himself at that time to exploring the thermonuclear—after the war was won—in a letter to Richard Tolman on September 20, 1944. ●●

1944 Not until mid-December 1944 did a lens test look promising; the eighteen 5-kilog rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Not until mid-December 1944 did a lens test look promising; the eighteen 5-kilogram bombs Groves told George Marshall he hoped to have on hand by the second half of 1945 he also thought might explode so inefficiently that each would be equivalent to no more than 500 tons of TNT, down from the 1,000 tons Conant had heard estimated in October. ●●

1944 Nishina did not meet again with Nobuuji until seven months later, in February 19 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Nishina did not meet again with Nobuuji until seven months later, in February 1944, when he reported difficulty producing uranium hexafluoride. ●●