John XXII (pope)

John XXII ran the Avignon papacy like a business, tightening its finances and central administration. He fought the Spiritual Franciscans over whether Christ and the apostles owned any property, ruling that they did and condemning the idea of absolute poverty as heresy. He also feuded with Emperor Louis IV, who set up an antipope against him. His own musings on the timing of the beatific vision caused a doctrinal storm he had to walk back.