Pius X (pope)

Pius X came from a poor family and kept a simple, pastoral style as pope. He waged a fierce campaign against Modernism, the effort to reinterpret doctrine along modern critical lines, which he condemned in 1907 as the synthesis of all heresies. He encouraged frequent communion and lowered the age at which children could receive it, and he reformed church music and law. He was declared a saint in 1954.