Marcus Garvey
1887 – 1940 Jamaican Pan-Africanist, publisher, movement founder
Jamaican founder of the UNIA and the largest mass movement of the African diaspora, preaching Black pride and a return to Africa.
- Affiliations
- Universal Negro Improvement Association
Marcus Garvey founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association, which grew into the largest mass movement of people of African descent, with branches across the Americas, the Caribbean, and Africa. He preached racial pride, economic self-reliance, and a symbolic return to Africa, and launched ventures including the Black Star Line shipping company. He was convicted of mail fraud in the United States in a contested prosecution and later deported. His ideas shaped later Pan-Africanism, Rastafari, and Black nationalism.
Connections
- rival of W.E.B. Du Bois — Long and public feud over the direction of Black politics.
In the timeline
- 1914 Marcus Garvey founds the UNIA in Jamaica founder
- 1920 UNIA convention adopts the Declaration of Rights of the Negro Peoples movement leader
- 1930 Coronation of Haile Selassie and the birth of Rastafari mentioned
- 1945 Kenyatta and Nkrumah serve as congress secretaries mentioned