Events, Verisoph

1921 Giving a great fillip to the Warburg library candidate ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Giving a great fillip to the Warburg library was the founding of Hamburg University, a cause so dear to Aby’s heart. On August 19, 1921, he was named an honorary professor in absentia. ●●

1921 MMW MW 11, letter from rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story MMW MW 11, letter from Max Warburg to Herr Huldermann, December 28, 1921. 3. ●●

1921 CHAPTER 42––The Cousins Club Siegmund Warburg had the spark... (1921) rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In the early postwar years, he again pictured Western economies slouching toward Armageddon. After a New York visit in 1947, he told Fritz, “A real de... ●●

1921 Soviet crop failure triggers the 1921 famine ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Then, in 1921, Soviet crops failed, a disaster so colossal that the Joint set up soup kitchens there, and even the U.S. ●●

1921 In 1921, Lola had married Rudolf Hahn, who came from a... (1921) rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In 1921, Lola had married Rudolf Hahn, who came from a powerful Jewish industrial family associated with the Warburgs. ●●

1921 In 1921, the new commerce secretary, Herbert Hoover, called... (1921) rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In 1921, the new commerce secretary, Herbert Hoover, called him to Washington and asked if he would become assistant secretary of commerce—a junior Cabinet post for a twenty-five-year-old! ●●

1921 In late 1921, Jimmy and Kay moved to Riverside Drive so... (1921) rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In late 1921, Jimmy and Kay moved to Riverside Drive so Jimmy could enter the IAB as a junior officer. ●●

1921 Even a forceful protest from Averell Harriman—who had, at... (1921) rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Even a forceful protest from Averell Harriman—who had, at Max’s behest, financed a transatlantic cable for the company in 1921—couldn’t save his seat. ●●

1921 19. SF-LB, letter from Freud to Binswanger, November rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story 19. SF-LB, letter from Freud to Binswanger, November 3, 1921. ●●

1921 21. SF-LB, letter from Binswanger to Freud, November rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story 21. SF-LB, letter from Binswanger to Freud, November 8, 1921. ●●

1921 Paulo Freire born in Recife ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Paulo Freire was born in 1921 in Recife, the center of one of the most extreme situations of poverty and underdevelopment in the Third World. His childhood experience of family poverty following the Great Depression profoundly influenced his later educational philosophy. ●●

1921 Compton sent Szilard’s request to Lyman Briggs, whose responsibilities within th rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Compton sent Szilard’s request to Lyman Briggs, whose responsibilities within the OSRD included patent matters; Briggs thought the Army ought to handle it.1921 Szilard waited until the end of December, heard nothing and advanced further into the field. ●●

1921 Oppenheimer went off to Cambridge to attack the center where he could. rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Oppenheimer went off to Cambridge to attack the center where he could. ●●

1921 the director of the university physics institute, an exceptional physicist and a Senator of the King rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story the director of the university physics institute, an exceptional physicist and a Senator of the Kingdom. ●●

1921 Szilard waited until the end of December, heard nothing and advanced further into the field. rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Szilard waited until the end of December, heard nothing and advanced further into the field. ●●

1921 Event of 1921 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Wilson’s successors tried to implement his visionary program through other complementary and essentially Wilsonian means. In the 1920s and 1930s, America and its democratic partners made a major commitment to a diplomacy of disarmament and peaceful a ●●

1921 Einstein sails to America for the first time ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Einstein and Elsa sailed from Holland on March 21, 1921, for their first visit to America. The trip was planned to promote the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and advance the Zionist cause. ●●

1921 Arrived at Battery in Manhattan, New York rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Einstein arrived at Battery in lower Manhattan on the afternoon of April 2, 1921, wearing a faded gray wool coat and black felt hat, carrying a shiny briar pipe and worn violin case. ●●

1921 Einstein visits the White House and meets Harding ai_extracted 1 cit. no story On April 25, 1921, Einstein visited the White House where President Warren G. Harding confessed he did not understand the theory of relativity. Washington Post ran a cartoon of Harding puzzled over 'Theory of Relativity' while Einstein puzzled over 'Theory of Normalcy.' ●●

1921 Information history in 1921 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story ds. The linguist Edward Sapir wrote of “symbolic atoms” formed by a language’s underlying phonetic patterns. ●●

1921 Event of 1921 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story ” Beginning in 1921, meetings of the ILO had occasioned calls for a more balanced distribution of world population ●●

1921 committees that included Belgian or French scientists. Nor rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story committees that included Belgian or French scientists. Nor did they have the money to travel, even within Europe. The International Congress of Hygiene, for instance, originally scheduled for May of 1921 in Geneva, was cancelled because “the low value of the currency of many countries and the high v ●●

1921 the second edition of the first great German rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story the second edition of the first great German eugenic text, Foundation of Human Heredity and Race Hygiene (Grundriss der menschlichen Erblichkeitslehre und Rassen-hygiene), which had been published in 1921. Germany’s three leading race eugenicists, Erwin Baur, Fritz Lenz and Eugen Fischer, authored ●●

1921 th things Catholic, purchasing a valued copy of rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story th things Catholic, purchasing a valued copy of a rare Madonna.14 As Katzen-Ellenbogen wandered through Europe, he impressed many people as a kind humanitarian. He met one woman briefly on a train in 1921 and discussed his favorite Madonna. More than two decades later, even after learning of his not ●●

1921 sible.54 All that changed when Hitler came to rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story sible.54 All that changed when Hitler came to power in 1933. Germany surged ahead in its study of twins. The German word for twins is Zwillinge. There were tens of thousands of twins in the Reich. In 1921 alone, 19,573 pairs were born, plus 231 sets of triplets. In 1925, 15,741 pairs of twins were b ●●

1921 the First Christian. Interviews with Mrs. Harold McClure, rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story the First Christian. Interviews with Mrs. Harold McClure, as cited by Frances Janet Hassencahl, “Harry H. Laughlin, ‘Expert Eugenics Agent’ for the House Committee on Immigration and Naturalization, 1921 to 1931.” (Ph. D. diss., Case Western Reserve University, 1970), pp. 45-46. Mark H. Laughlin, A ●●

1921 : The Proposed World Constitution”: Truman B-S-2B:7. Harry rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story : The Proposed World Constitution”: Truman B-S-2B:7. Harry H. Laughlin, unpublished manuscript, “The Principles of Nation-Rating”: Truman B-S-I:6. Letter, Harry H. Laughlin to H.G. Wells, 19 February 1921: Truman B-S-4B:12. Letter, Hamilton Fish Armstrong to Harry H. Laughlin, 11 June 1941: Truman C ●●

1921 : Makers of the IQ Controversy (New York: rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story : Makers of the IQ Controversy (New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1985), pp. 139, 140. 76. Robert M. Yerkes, Memoirs of the National Academy of Science, (Washington D.C.: National Academy of Science, 1921), p. 790-791. Brigham, p. 152. 77. Fancher, pp. 102-103, 140. Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed., s ●●

1921 913: APS B:D27-Harriman, Mrs. E.H. #3. 30. “A rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story 913: APS B:D27-Harriman, Mrs. E.H. #3. 30. “A County Survey,” Eugenical News, Vol. I (1916) p. 24. 31. Memorandum on Immigration enclosed with letter, Charles B. Davenport to Madison Grant, 6 January 1921: APS B:D27 - Grant, Madison #3. 32. National Committee on Prisons and Prison Labor, The Nationa ●●

1921 Family Traits No. A:0772-I : MS. COLL. No. rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Family Traits No. A:0772-I : MS. COLL. No. 0772, ERO, APS Series I. 65. Record of Family Traits No. 40688. 66. Eugenics Record Office, Family Tree A:0-3a: MS. COLL. No. 77, ERO, APS Series I, A:01 #6,1921-1930. 67. Charles B. Davenport and Harry H. Laughlin, Eugenics Record Office Bulletin No. 13: H ●●

1921 hy, pp. 107-108. Stephen S. Wise, “The Synagogue rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story hy, pp. 107-108. Stephen S. Wise, “The Synagogue and Birth Control,” Birth Control 21. Review, October 1926, pp. 301-302. Margaret Sanger Papers Project, “ABCL Staff, Officers, and Board Members for 1921-1928,” The American Birth Control League 1921-1939 at www.nyu.edu. 22. Sanger, Pivot of Civiliz ●●

1921 ue and Birth Control,” Birth Control 21. Review, rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story ue and Birth Control,” Birth Control 21. Review, October 1926, pp. 301-302. Margaret Sanger Papers Project, “ABCL Staff, Officers, and Board Members for 1921-1928,” The American Birth Control League 1921-1939 at www.nyu.edu. 22. Sanger, Pivot of Civilization, p. 189. 23. Sanger, Pivot of Civilizati ●●

1921 H. Laughlin, 17 November 1930: Truman 0-4-3:12. 18. rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story H. Laughlin, 17 November 1930: Truman 0-4-3:12. 18. Letter, Walter A. Plecker to Harry H. Laughlin, 25 February 1928: Truman 0-4-3 :12. 19. Letter, Walter A. Plecker to Undertakers of Virginia, July 1921: Library of Virginia -Richmond. See Letter, Walter A. Plecker to Harry Davis, 4 October 1924: UV ●●

1921 rion of the Relative Powers of Nature and rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story rion of the Relative Powers of Nature and Nurture,” Journal of the Anthropological Institute (1875), pp. 391, 392-393. “‘Probably Mendelian’ and ‘Clearly Hereditary’ traits,” lantern 43. slide circa 1921: Truman Lantern Slides, Brown Box 835. Charles B. Davenport, Heredity In Relation To Eugenics ( ●●

1921 le for the Study of Twins,” circa 1918: rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story le for the Study of Twins,” circa 1918: APS Series I: PDR and Correspondence. “A Strain Producing Multiple Births,” Journal of Heredity (Nov. 1919), p. 382. “Notes and News,” Eugenical News, Vol. VI (1921), p. 32. 47. “The Pendleton Twins,” Eugenical News Vol. III (1918), p. 77. “Twins in Russia,” E ●●

1921 , Charles B. Davenport to Harry H. Laughlin, rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story , Charles B. Davenport to Harry H. Laughlin, 16 April 1928 as cited by Frances Janet Hassencahl, “Harry H. Laughlin, ‘Expert Eugenics Agent’ for the House Committee on Immigration and Naruralization, 1921 to 1931.” (Ph. D. diss., Case Western Reserve University, 1970), p. 329. 11. Davenport to Laugh ●●

1921 ombardo, Paul A. “Eugenic Sterilization in Virginia: Aubrey rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story ombardo, Paul A. “Eugenic Sterilization in Virginia: Aubrey Strode and the Case of Buck v. Bell.” Ph.D. diss, University of Virginia, 1982. Mehler, Barry. “A History of the American Eugenics Society, 1921- 1940.” Ph. D. diss., University of lliinois, 1988. Mottier, Veronique. “Narratives of National ●●

1921 k: Coward-McCann, 1970. Holmes, Oliver Wendell Jr. The rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story k: Coward-McCann, 1970. Holmes, Oliver Wendell Jr. The Common Law. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1881; 1923. Holmes, Oliver Wendell Jr. Collected Legal Papers. New York. Harcourt, Brace and Co., 1921. Howe, Mark DeWolfe, ed. Holmes-Laski Letters. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1953. H ●●

1921 obert M. and Clarence S. Yoakum. Army Mental rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story obert M. and Clarence S. Yoakum. Army Mental Tests. New York: Henry Holt and Company, 1926. Yerkes, Robert M. Memoirs of the National Academy of Science. Washington D.C.: National Academy of Science, 1921. Yerkes, Robert M. “Autobiography of Robert Mearns Yerkes.” in Carl Murchison, ed., History of ●●

1921 1921 - Panama-Costa Rica: American rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story 1921 - Panama-Costa Rica: American naval squadrons demonstrated in April on both sides of the Isthmus to prevent war between the two countries over a boundary dispute ●●

1921 Financial crisis or panic rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Patterson, The Great Boom and Panic; 1921-1929 (Chicago: Henry Regnery Company, 1965), p ●●

1921 Event rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In 1921, the Fed lowered interest rates to stop the recession and to help the governments of Europe ●●

1922 Revolution on the Rand, 1922 ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Attempts to cut mine costs by using more native labor led to strikes and a 1922 armed uprising on the Rand in which over 200 rebels were killed. ●●

1922 Gandhi launches mass civil disobedience (Feb 1, 1922) ai_extracted 1 cit. no story On February 1, 1922, Gandhi told the viceroy he would begin mass civil disobedience district by district, starting at Bardoli, escalating beyond non-cooperation into illegal acts. ●●

1922 Germany and Soviet Russia sign Treaty of Rapallo (April 1922) ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The two outcast powers drifted together and sealed their friendship with a treaty signed at Rapallo in April 1922, which alarmed western Europe as a potential union of German technology and Soviet resources. ●●

1922 Washington Conference sets naval ratios (1922) ai_extracted 1 cit. no story At the Washington Conference, Britain gave the United States equality in capital ships at 15 each while Japan received 60 percent, or 9 capital ships, ending the Anglo-Japanese alliance. ●●

1922 Union of Soviet Socialist Republics organized ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Constitutionally, the country was organized in 1922 into the Union of Socialist Soviet Republics. The largest constituent was the Russian Soviet Federal Socialist Republic. ●●

1922 British protectorate over Egypt ended ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The protectorate over Egypt was ended in 1922, and the Dominions' refusal to back the United Kingdom in the Near East crisis forced a reexamination of imperial relations. ●●

1922 Mussolini comes to power in Italy ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Quigley argues leftist gains in 1918-1922 reversed the trend toward wider income disparity, provoking a counterrevolution that brought Mussolini to power in October 1922. ●●

1922 Ignaz Seipel becomes Austrian chancellor ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In May 1922 the Christian Socialist leader Monsignor Ignaz Seipel, a Catholic priest, became chancellor, dominating Austria's federal government until his death in 1932 and securing international loans by threatening Anschluss. ●●

1922 Egypt granted independence by Britain ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Britain granted Egypt independence in 1922 but continued to interfere in its governance through peremptory notes and ultimatums. Submission to such pressure roused animosity in the nationalist-dominated Assembly. ●●

1922 The Astors buy control of The Times ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Quigley says Lord Astor and his brother became chief proprietors of The Times in 1922 by buying out the Harmsworth interest. He treats this as the moment the Milner Group secured ownership of the paper. ●●

1922 Quigley: the Milner Group controlled The Times (from 1922) ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Quigley asserts that the Milner Group controlled The Times, indirectly from 1912 and directly from 1922. He treats the paper as one branch of the Group's network of influence. ●●

1922 Zimmern's Europe in Convalescence (1922) ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Alfred Zimmern published Europe in Convalescence in 1922, regretting Britain's postwar policies and especially the 1918 election. Quigley uses it to show the Group's turn toward reconstructing Germany. ●●

1922 Irish Free State created (1922) ai_extracted 2 cit. no story Through the Articles of Agreement of December 1921 and the Irish Free State Act of March 1922, southern Ireland became an independent Dominion. Feetham of the Milner Group chaired the Boundary Commission. ●●

1922 Oregon outlaws private elementary schools, 1922 ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Gatto reports that in 1922 Oregon outlawed private schools for elementary children, a law later reversed by the Supreme Court in Pierce v. Society of Sisters (1925). ●●

1922 Walter Lippmann publishes Public Opinion ai_extracted 2 cit. no story Gatto cites Walter Lippmann's 1922 book Public Opinion, which he says called for restricting public debate and letting experts govern. He argues Lippmann wanted schools to teach that active citizenship was impossible. ●●

1922 Assassination of Walther Rathenau ai_extracted 1 cit. no story On 24 June 1922 Foreign Minister Walther Rathenau, architect of the fulfillment policy, was murdered by right-wing reactionaries. His killing deepened the panic that sent the mark into free fall. ●●

1922 The Balfour Note links war debts to reparations ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In mid-1922 Britain declared through the Balfour Note that it would collect from its debtors and from Germany only as much as the United States demanded of Britain. The note infuriated Americans, who were cast as 'Uncle Shylock.' ●●

1922 Fall of Lloyd George and the Bonar Law government ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Lloyd George's coalition collapsed in October 1922 and a Conservative government under Andrew Bonar Law took power in Britain. Stanley Baldwin became chancellor of the exchequer. ●●

1922 British delegation sails to settle war debts with America ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Baldwin led a British delegation, with Bank of England governor Montagu Norman as principal adviser, to negotiate a settlement of Britain's war debts to the United States. They sailed on December 30 aboard the Majestic. ●●

1922 Genoa Economic Conference and Norman's idea of a central bankers' league ai_extracted 1 cit. no story After the 1922 Genoa Economic Conference, Norman floated the idea of a grand conclave of central bankers to stabilize European finances. Strong resisted, fearing the United States would be ambushed by its European debtors. ●●

1922 Strong invents the modern central banker ai_extracted 1 cit. no story By abandoning the automatic rules of the gold standard and steering credit to stabilize domestic prices and business activity, Strong pioneered modern central banking. In 1922 this was a radical departure from centuries of practice. ●●

1922 Harding names Hoover to War Debt Commission ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In February 1922, Harding appointed Hoover to the new World War Foreign Debt Commission, designed to settle the Allies’ debts based on “their capacity to pay.” The total debt... ●●

1922 In late January 1922, after a ten-day tour of Cuba he took with Percy Rocke... rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In late January 1922, after a ten-day tour of Cuba he took with Percy Rockefeller and a bevy of other bankers, culminating in a luncheon in Havana given in his honor by two... ●●

1922 Morgan Concerns Over Fascism in Italy rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story As fascism gained power in Italy during the early 1920s, Morgan representatives in Italy expressed concerns about violence being perpetrated by Fascists, questioning whether American money was financing the movement. ●●

1922 Lamont negotiates Mexican debt agreement ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In 1922, Tom Lamont negotiated an agreement with Mexican finance minister de la Huerta that secured U.S. recognition for President Obregón in exchange for steep concessions including lower interest rates and a forty-five year payment schedule. ●●

1922 US banks reach their peak number ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The United States reached its maximum number of national and state-chartered banks during the era of free banking. ●●

1922 Laura Spelman Memorial funds social sciences research ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In 1922, under director Beardsley Ruml, the Laura Spelman Rockefeller Memorial began distributing nearly fifty million dollars into social sciences research. This funding catalyzed university research centers. ●●

1922 Jimmy de Rothschild inherits Waddesdon Manor ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Jimmy de Rothschild unexpectedly inherited the historic Waddesdon Manor in 1922 after the death of his cousin Ferdinand's unmarried sister Alice. ●●

1922 A well-drilled Nazi cell existed in the Hamburg rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story A well-drilled Nazi cell existed in the Hamburg police department. (When the first Storm Troopers unit was formed in November 1922, it was headed by a Hamburg police clerk.) Far from guarding Max, P. ●●

1922 (When the first Storm Troopers unit was formed rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story (When the first Storm Troopers unit was formed in November 1922, it was headed by a Hamburg police clerk.) Far from guarding Max, P. ●●

1922 Eric had the rank and mobility to get a bird’s-eye view of a... (1922) rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story ——An uproarious Felix Warburg in Cortina, Italy. August 1922. His teenage son, Eddie, took this high-spirited picture that was dubbed “Greeting the Da... ●●

1922 Agro-Joint agreement with Soviets for Jewish colonies ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In 1922, he worked out an agreement with the Soviets to create loan co-ops and training schools for Jews and began to advocate an enormous colonization project. ●●

1922 Hoover pushes for US trade with Soviet Russia ai_extracted 2 cit. no story In January 1922, Secretary of Commerce Herbert Hoover intercedes with the State Department on behalf of American business interests seeking to trade with Soviet Russia. ●●

1922 “Deke” Parsons, a 1922 Annapolis graduate then responsible under Bush for field- rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story “Deke” Parsons, a 1922 Annapolis graduate then responsible under Bush for field-testing the proximity fuse.1 Parsons had also worked on early radar development and served as gunnery officer on a destroyer and experimental officer at the Naval Proving Ground in Dahlgren, Virginia. ●●

1922 which were made before government support for this research was forthcoming rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story which were made before government support for this research was forthcoming.”1922 The patent could be registered in his name alone or jointly with Fermi; he would be willing “to assign this patent at this time to the government for such financial compensation as may be deemed fair and equitable.” The memorandum mentions no amount; according to Army security files Szilard asked for $750,000.1923 But the issue was not compensation; the issue was representation: I wish to take this opportunity to mention that the question of patents was discussed by those who were concerned in 1939 and 1940. ●●

1922 When one of Chicherin’s aides telephoned the Germa... candidate ai_extracted 1 cit. no story When one of Chicherin’s aides telephoned the German delegation at the conspiratorial hour of one-fifteen in the morning on April 16, 1922, proposing a ●●

1922 the end of 1922, with reparations elusive, disarma... rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story At the end of 1922, with reparations elusive, disarmament controversial, meaningful British security guarantees unavai ●●

1922 that Szilard, despite his Eötvös Prize, “felt that his skill in mathematical operations could not co rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story that Szilard, despite his Eötvös Prize, “felt that his skill in mathematical operations could not compete with that of his colleagues. ●●

1922 The patent could be registered in his name alone or jointly with Fermi; he would be willing “to assi rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The patent could be registered in his name alone or jointly with Fermi; he would be willing “to assign this patent at this time to the government for such financial compensation as may be deemed fair and equitable. ●●

1922 Bohr explains atomic basis of the periodic table ai_extracted 1 cit. no story the year his Nobel Prize made him a Danish national hero, Bohr accomplished a second great theoretical triumph: an explanation of the atomic structure that underlies the regularities of the periodic table of the elements. ●●

1922 that element 72 when discovered would not be a rare earth, as chemists expected and as elements 57 t rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story that element 72 when discovered would not be a rare earth, as chemists expected and as elements 57 through 71 are, but would rather be a valence 4 metal like zirconium. ●●

1922 Assassination of Walther Rathenau ai_extracted 1 cit. no story right-wing extremists gunned down Walther Rathenau, the Weimar Republic’s first Foreign Minister, a physical chemist and industrialist friend of Einstein and a highly visible Jew. ●●

1922 “Von Neumann singled out the problem of numerical weather pr rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story “Von Neumann singled out the problem of numerical weather prediction for special attention,” Thompson later explained, “as the most complex, interacti ●●

1922 Event of 1922 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In 1919 a top Vatican official assured Gibbons that Rome “looks to America to be the leader in all things Catho- lic, and to set an example to other n ●●

1922 by the time he ordered a refill, the rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story by the time he ordered a refill, the second cup cost 9,000 marks. Another told of an insurance policy redeemed to buy a single loaf of bread. The American dollar, which had traded for 1,500 marks in 1922, was worth 4.2 trillion marks by the end of 1923.32 German extremists tried to exploit the hyper ●●

1922 ion of the early twenties paralyzed the KWI rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story ion of the early twenties paralyzed the KWI and German scientific progress.18 To literally save German science, Rockefeller money-guided by Flexner’s recommendations-came to the rescue in November of 1922. Because anti-German feeling engendered by the war still roiled in America, and because Rockefe ●●

1922 genicist, advised the Prussian Ministry of Health and rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story genicist, advised the Prussian Ministry of Health and lectured extensively on hereditary traits and feeblemindedness. Since relations between Germany and the United States were still uneasy late into 1922, the foundation in large part administered the massive donations through its Paris office.19 Ro ●●

1922 ll uneasy late into 1922, the foundation in rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story ll uneasy late into 1922, the foundation in large part administered the massive donations through its Paris office.19 Rockefeller Foundation money began to flow immediately. During the final weeks of 1922, 194 fellowships were awarded, totaling $65,000. The next year, 262 fellowships were awarded f ●●

1922 sciences were of constant interest to eugenic readers. rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story sciences were of constant interest to eugenic readers. So Eugenical News regularly summarized articles from the general medical literature to feed eugenicists’ unending fascination with the topic. In 1922, when a state medical journal reported using stethoscopes to monitor a twin pregnancy, it was ●●

1922 Hallervorden and Spatz identify rare brain disease ai_extracted 1 cit. no story ause why anyone would ever nominate him in the first place.” Museum officials added they would immediately look into removing his name.26 Another case involved Nazi doctors Hallervorden and Spatz. In 1922, the two had successfully identified a rare and devastating brain disease caused by a genetic m ●●

1922 ce under siege, battling back for years, fortified rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story ce under siege, battling back for years, fortified by its influential patrons, the power of prejudice and the big money of Carnegie. But the Carnegie Institution’s patience began to erode as early as 1922, when Laughlin became a public font of racist ideology during the Congressional immigration res ●●

1922 12. Carlson, pp. 210-211. Rice, p. 27. 13. rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story 12. Carlson, pp. 210-211. Rice, p. 27. 13. Carlson, pp. 218-219. Harry H. Laughlin, Eugenical Sterilization in the United States (Chicago: Psychopathic Laboratory of the Municipal Court of Chicago, 1922), p. 35. 14. Laughlin, p. 36. 15. Carlson, p. 211. 16. Laughlin, p. 15. 17. Bleecker Van Wagenen ●●

1922 Retardation.” 78. “News and Notes,” Eugenical News, Vol. rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Retardation.” 78. “News and Notes,” Eugenical News, Vol. II (1917), p. 24. 79. Eugenics Research Association, Active Membership Accession List (Cold Spring Harbor, NY: Eugenics Research Association, 1922): Truman, ERA Membership Records. Brigham, pp. v-vii, xvii-xviii. 80. Brigham, pp. 174, 178, 18 ●●

1922 Kevles, “Testing the Army’s Intelligence: Psychologists and the rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Kevles, “Testing the Army’s Intelligence: Psychologists and the Military in World War I,” pp. 576-577, 578. 86. Walter Lippmann, “The Mental Age of Americans,” New Republic 32, no. 415 (November 15, 1922). Walter Lippmann, “The Mental Age of Americans,” New Republic 32 no. 417 (November 29,1922). Le ●●

1922 68. Charts and Measurements: MS. COLL. No. 77, rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story 68. Charts and Measurements: MS. COLL. No. 77, ERO, APS Series I, A:01 #4 Development, 1922-1923. Letter, Brett Ramer to Charles B. Davenport, 15 June 1922: APS Series I, A:01 #4 Development, 1922-1923. 69. Mrs. Anna Wendt Finlayson, Eugenical Record Office Bulletin No. 15: The Dack Family, A Study ●●

1922 17 - January 1918), p. 263 as cited rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story 17 - January 1918), p. 263 as cited by Perry, pp. 148-149. 40. See Harry H. Laughlin, Eugenical Sterilization in the United States (Chicago: Psychopathic Laboratory of the Municipal Court of Chicago, 1922). 41. Galton, Memories of My Life, pp. 293-294, 320-321. “Galton Laboratory for National Eugeni ●●

1922 p. 46, 55: CSH. 16. William J. Robinson, rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story p. 46, 55: CSH. 16. William J. Robinson, Eugenics, Marriage, and Birth Control (New York: The Critic and Guide Company, 1917), p. 74. Margaret Sanger, The Pivot of Civilization (New York: Brentano’s, 1922), pp. 100-101. 17. Proceedings of the First National Conference on Race Betterment, (Race Bette ●●

1922 -186. 25. Weindling, Health, Roce and German Politics rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story -186. 25. Weindling, Health, Roce and German Politics Between National Unification and Nazism, 1870-1945, pp. 384, 385. 26. “The German Genetic Association,” Journal of Heredity, Vol. XIII No. 5 (May 1922), p. 200. “Notes and News,” Eugenical News Vol. IX (1924), p. 56. “Heredity of Insanity,” Eugen ●●