Events, Verisoph

1944 Sometimes they could not get together for a couple of weeks rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Sometimes they could not get together for a couple of weeks, but the moment Johnny got back, he was ready to pick up right where they stopped, as if n ●●

1944 on behalf of the implosion effort at Los Alamos rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In July of 1944, on behalf of the implosion effort at Los Alamos, von Neumann and Stan Frankel were briefed on the series of Bell Telephone relay comp ●●

1944 “All through 1944, and in 1945 as well, we were leading a ‘d rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story “All through 1944, and in 1945 as well, we were leading a ‘double life,’ ” Mauchly recalls ●●

1944 Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1944 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story John von Neumann and Oskar Morgenstern, Theory of Games and Economic Behavior (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1944), p ●●

1944 Robert Oppenheimer, August 1, 1944, LA rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Robert Oppenheimer, August 1, 1944, LA ●●

1944 Event of 1944 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story ”18 In one of the first general formulations of what came to be known as de- mographic transition theory, another Princeton demographer, Dudley Kirk, ●●

1944 hich 17 should have preference for immediate hospitalization?” rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story hich 17 should have preference for immediate hospitalization?” He held the power of life and death over those who desperately needed his help, and he sadistically exercised this power every day.36 In 1944, for instance, two French arrivals-a Protestant minister named Roux and a doctor named Rodochi- ●●

1944 ant recounted that Mengele “would receive questions about rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story ant recounted that Mengele “would receive questions about the twins from the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute in Berlin, and he would send them the answers. “89 The volume of exchange was massive. In a March 1944 memo from Verschuer to the German Research Society, which financed his work, he asked for more ●●

1944 d “Twins camp,” was coded G for geheime, rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story d “Twins camp,” was coded G for geheime, or “secret.” Verschuer explained, “Analysis of material obtained from the twins camp continued during the half-year reporting period October 1943 to March 15, 1944. Some 25 psychological analyses, each of which consisted of about 200 pages, were dictated duri ●●

1944 CHINA 1945 to 1960s David rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story CHINA 1945 to 1960s David Barrett, Dixie Mission: The United States Army Observer Group in Yenan, 1944 (Center for Chinese Studies, University of California, Berkeley, 1970), passim; R ●●

1944 For accounts of the thoroughly rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story For accounts of the thoroughly unprincipled British policy in Greece and its dealings with collaborators during 1944-46, see Fleming, pp ●●

1944 For fifty years the same rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story For fifty years the same people had all the power, all the money, all the jobs, all the education, all the opportunities.” In the decades following the famed peasant rebellion in 1932, which was crushed by an unholy massacre, a reform government had ●●

1944 Greece 1947 to early 1950s rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Greece 1947 to early 1950s themselves in positions of political power, predominant in the new Greek army and police; members of EAM/ELAS found themselves dead or in prison.+ In the early days of the world war, when defeating the Nazis was the Allies’ ●●

1944 Before the revolution of 1944, rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Before the revolution of 1944, which overthrew the Ubico dictatorship, “farm laborers had been roped together by the Army for delivery to the low-land farms where they were kept in debt slavery by the landowners.”! ●●

1944 As for the elder Papandreou, rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story As for the elder Papandreou, his anti-communist credentials were impeccable, dating back to his role as a British-installed prime minister during the civil war against the left in 1944-45 ●●

1944 The Harvard Mark I goes into operation ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Howard Aiken's Harvard Mark I, built with IBM, is put into operation as a programmable, though electromechanical, computer. ●●

1944 Grace Hopper joins the Harvard Mark I project ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Naval officer Grace Hopper reports to Harvard to work on the Mark I under Howard Aiken, beginning her career as a programming pioneer. ●●

1945 Quigley: Britain was the world's greatest plutocracy until 1945 ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Quigley argues restrictions on democracy in Britain rested almost entirely on wealth and drew only mild objection, because even the masses accepted that wealth entitled its holder to privilege. This concealed that Britain until 1945 was the world's greatest plutocracy. ●●

1945 Kilgore Committee report on I. G. Farben ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Quigley cites a 1945 US Senate committee finding, based on captured records, that I. G. Farben and United Steel Works together could dominate the entire German industrial system. ●●

1945 Capture of the Remagen bridge across the Rhine ai_extracted 1 cit. no story On March 7, 1945, the American 8th Armored Division seized the Ludendorff Railway Bridge at Remagen just before the Germans could blow it up. The intact crossing let many Allied divisions get across the Rhine. ●●

1945 Hungary concludes an armistice with Russia ai_extracted 1 cit. no story After Germany seized control of the Hungarian government to prevent a surrender, only on January 20, 1945 could General Miklos's provisional government conclude an armistice with the Russians. The agreement left Hungary largely under Soviet military control. ●●

1945 Russia recognizes the Lublin committee as Poland's government ai_extracted 1 cit. no story On January 5, 1945, Russia recognized the Communist Committee of National Liberation as the government of Poland, while the Western Powers still recognized the London government. The rival recognitions set up the Polish dispute at Yalta. ●●

1945 Greece kept from Communist domination ai_extracted 1 cit. no story After the British defeated Communist ELAS forces in Athens, the guerrillas accepted disarmament and amnesty on February 13, 1945, under the regency of Archbishop Damaskinos with Plastiras as prime minister. Greece was saved because it was accessible to British forces by sea. ●●

1945 Mussolini captured and killed by Italian guerrillas ai_extracted 1 cit. no story On April 28, 1945, Mussolini was caught fleeing toward Switzerland with treasure and killed by Italian guerrillas. His body was hung by the heels in a public square in Milan alongside that of his mistress. ●●

1945 Hitler's suicide in Berlin ai_extracted 1 cit. no story On the afternoon of April 30, 1945, with Russian soldiers only a block away, Eva Braun took poison and Hitler shot himself. Subordinates burned the bodies in a shell-hole in the Chancellery garden. ●●

1945 V-E Day and the toll of Nazi bestiality ai_extracted 1 cit. no story By V-E Day, May 8, 1945, Quigley says Nazi bestiality had brought death to more than 30,000,000 people. Advancing armies overran concentration camps with ovens still hot and thousands of murdered inmates. ●●

1945 Invasion of Okinawa ai_extracted 1 cit. no story On Easter morning, April 1, 1945, an assault force of over 1,200 vessels landed four divisions on Okinawa. The three-month campaign was the most severe of the Pacific War, with heavy losses from mass kamikaze attacks. ●●

1945 Death of President Roosevelt ai_extracted 1 cit. no story President Roosevelt died suddenly on April 12, 1945, with great and incalculable effect on postwar policy. Vice-President Truman had been kept so far outside the war effort that he knew nothing of the atomic program until Stimson told him. ●●

1945 Yalta secret Far East agreement ai_extracted 1 cit. no story At Yalta the powers agreed to undo the results of the Russo-Japanese War of 1904 as the price of Soviet entry into the war on Japan. Southern Sakhalin, a lease on Port Arthur, and the Kurile Islands would go to the Soviet Union, with Outer Mongolia's autonomy made permanent. ●●

1945 Trinity test: first atomic bomb detonated ai_extracted 1 cit. no story On July 16, 1945, at Alamogordo, New Mexico, the first atomic bomb, an implosion-type plutonium device, was detonated at 5:30 A.M. The explosion far exceeded expectations and stunned the scientists who had built it. ●●

1945 Truman orders the atomic bomb used and picks targets ai_extracted 2 cit. no story On July 18, 1945, Truman ordered the next bomb dropped on Japan as soon as it was ready, and on July 24th he chose the target list of Hiroshima, Kokura, Nigata, and Nagasaki. Stimson had persuaded him to spare Kyoto for its cultural treasures. ●●

1945 Potsdam ultimatum to Japan ai_extracted 1 cit. no story On 26 July 1945 Truman, Attlee, and Chiang Kai-shek issued the Potsdam ultimatum demanding Japan's unconditional surrender. Quigley notes its atomic threat was left unspecified and thus meaningless to the Japanese. ●●

1945 Atomic bombing of Hiroshima ai_extracted 2 cit. no story The first atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima in August 1945. Quigley records the immediate and eventual death tolls under the mushroom cloud. ●●

1945 Japanese surrender signed on the Missouri ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Japan's final surrender was signed on 2 September 1945 aboard the battleship Missouri, ending the Second World War. ●●

1945 Atomic bomb secrets passed to the Soviet Union ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Quigley states that by June 1945 the key information for making the bomb had already been passed to the Soviet Union through Klaus Fuchs and David Greenglass via Harry Gold and Anatoli Yakovlev. ●●

1945 Groves report names Japan as bomb target ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In a report of 23 April 1945, presented to Truman by Stimson, Groves stated that Japan had always been the intended target for the atomic bomb. ●●

1945 Quigley: nuclear stalemate rooted in two 1945 decisions ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Quigley argues that the postwar stalemate of nuclear terror stems directly from two decisions made in 1945: to continue the bomb project after Germany's defeat and to use the bomb on Japan. ●●

1945 American atomic monopoly, 1945-1949 ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Quigley dates the American atomic monopoly from the Alamogordo test of July 1945 to the first Soviet atom bomb, 'Joe I,' in August 1949. ●●

1945 Free elections defeat Communists in Austria and Hungary ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In November 1945 Austria and Hungary held relatively free elections under Soviet occupation; both resulted in sharp defeats for the local Communist parties. ●●

1945 American Communist Party membership collapses ai_extracted 1 cit. no story By FBI figures cited by Quigley, U.S. Communist Party membership fell from about 75,000 in 1945 to 50,000 in 1950 and to only 3,000 by 1960. ●●

1945 Soviet extraction of wealth from eastern Europe ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Quigley estimates the Soviet Union extracted goods worth about $20 billion from eastern Europe in 1945-1946 through reparations and joint corporations. Satellite economies were subordinated to Russia's benefit. ●●

1945 Sino-Soviet Treaty of August 1945 ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The Sino-Soviet Treaty of August 14, 1945 secured Chiang Kai-shek's consent to the concessions made on his behalf by Churchill and Roosevelt at Yalta. Molotov's accompanying note promised Soviet support to the Nationalist government of China. ●●

1945 Truman requests admission of 100,000 Jews to Palestine ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In August 1945 President Truman asked Britain to admit 100,000 European Jews into Palestine, but his repeated requests were refused. Large-scale efforts to smuggle refugees in led to quasi-warfare between Britain and Zionist groups. ●●

1945 1945 election removes the Milner Group from power in India ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The general election that ousted the Conservatives also, Quigley asserts, stripped the Milner Group of its influence over Indian policy just before independence. ●●

1945 Quigley: Helmuth von Moltke tied to the Milner Group ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Quigley asserts the executed German resistance leader Helmuth von Moltke, head of the Kreisau Circle, was a member of the Milner Group, a connection he says was revealed in The Round Table after Moltke's death. ●●

1945 1945 election ends the Milner Group's ascendancy ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Quigley says Labour's election victory jolted the Group's postwar plans and began its eclipse, after which its control of The Times, Chatham House, and Oxford was exercised without conviction. ●●

1945 Skinner rears his daughter in a box, 1945 ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Gatto references B.F. Skinner's practice of rearing his infant daughter in a closed container, described in the September 1945 Ladies Home Journal article 'Baby in a Box.' ●●

1945 Harrison sends the Trinity test cable ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Former New York Fed president George Harrison served on the Manhattan Project's Interim Committee. On July 16, 1945, after the first nuclear detonation in New Mexico, he authored the famous cable to Stimson and Truman at Potsdam. ●●

1945 Pierre Laval executed for treason ai_extracted 1 cit. no story After joining Vichy and collaborating with the Nazis, Pierre Laval was tried for treason after the war. Following a botched cyanide suicide attempt, he was executed by firing squad in October 1945. ●●

1945 policymakers used after 1945 to rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story policymakers used after 1945 to justify employment of former Nazis and collaborators was the possibility—no, the imminence—of the outbreak of a new war between the United States and the USSR. ●●

1945 The actual balance of forces rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The actual balance of forces in Europe during the decade following 1945, however, meant that neither the United States nor the USSR was capable of unilaterally imposing its will on the other through military force alone. ●●

1945 Given that situation, President Harry candidate ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Given that situation, President Harry Truman ordered a program of psychological warfare, covert operations, and intelligence gathering aimed at the USSR and its satellites that began as early as 1945 and significantly accelerated in the years that followed. ●●

1945 US Third Army captures Vlasov, hands him to Soviets ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Third Army in early May 1945. The Americans, operating under wartime orders to cooperate with the Red Army in POW matters, turned Vlasov over to the Russians shortly after his capture. There are several versions of how Vlasov passed from American into Soviet hands. ●●

1945 Food for the slaves at rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Food for the slaves at Nordhausen—never much in the first place —ran out altogether sometime in February 1945. But Dornberger’s orders for more missiles never stopped, and the labor battalions worked around the clock without nourishment. ●●

1945 Before the summer of 1945 candidate ai_extracted 2 cit. no story Before the summer of 1945 was out, the United States and the USSR were publicly accusing each other of looting German scientific and industrial wealth in violation of their wartime agreements. ●●

1945 Army and Navy brought some rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Army and Navy brought some German scientists to this country as early as the summer of 1945. ●●

1945 As early as June 1945 rejected ai_extracted 2 cit. no story As early as June 1945 RCA chief David Sarnoff argues in a confidential letter to President Truman’s chief science adviser that “the security for any nation henceforth depends … to a very large extent on its place in the scientific sun. ●●

1945 National Academy of Sciences, for rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story National Academy of Sciences, for example, put forward in 1945 the rather surprising theory that its brethren’s wartime research for the Nazis had actually been a form of resistance against Hitler’s regime. ●●

1945 Between 1945 and 1955, 765 candidate ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Between 1945 and 1955, 765 scientists, engineers, and technicians were brought to the United States under Overcast, Paperclip, and two other similar programs. ●●

1945 , for debriefing in August rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story , for debriefing in August 1945. By December Sibert had won permission to proceed “under his own authority” with financing and exploitation of the German’s espionage group. ●●

1945 ” By August 1945 new rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story ” By August 1945 new reports on Soviet land war tactics and the political commissar system within the Red Army had been completed. ●●

1945 For one thing, enlisting Gehlen rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story For one thing, enlisting Gehlen was in itself a substantial escalation of the cold war that undermined what little hope was possible for East-West cooperation during the pivotal years of 1945 to 1948. ●●

1945 ”6 The crucial period of rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story ”6 The crucial period of 1945 to 1948, when East-West relations moved from a wary peace to an intense political war, provides one case study of the damage that Gehlen’s intelligence and analysis could produce. ●●

1945 CROWCASS war-crimes registry launched ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The CROWCASS operation began in May 1945, following a call by General Dwight Eisenhower, then supreme Allied commander in Europe, for international cooperation in hunting and prosecuting war criminals. ●●

1945 ”*7 In mid-1945 the United rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story ”*7 In mid-1945 the United States seized the Luftwaffe center and transformed it into a holding tank for a number of the highest-ranking Nazis in captivity, including General Gehlen, Hermann Goering, Albert Speer, and Julius Streicher, as well as military leaders such as Field Marshal Albert Kesselr ●●

1945 But the majority of the rejected ai_extracted 2 cit. no story But the majority of the studies, even in 1945, were designed to produce information about the USSR, not Nazi Germany, and the authors of such studies were in many cases quietly let out of prison and placed on U. ●●

1945 Modern historians in Yugoslavia concede candidate ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Modern historians in Yugoslavia concede that “tens of thousands” of Nazi collaborators were killed, often without trial, in that small country alone during 1945. ●●

1945 Thayer, as it turned out rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Thayer, as it turned out, in 1945 became chief of the OSS in Austria. ●●

1945 Their 1945 reunion was warm rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Their 1945 reunion was warm and mutually profitable. Thayer regarded Herwarth as “an old friend who happened to be a captain in the German Army,” as he put it later, and used the power of his OSS office to intervene on the German’s behalf. ●●

1945 In case after case, a rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In case after case, a clear continuity of personnel can be established, beginning with the Vatican refugee-smuggling networks in 1945, continuing into Intermarium, and winding up in a variety of CIA- financed political warfare projects during the early 1950s. ●●

1945 Barbie’s name, moreover, had been rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Barbie’s name, moreover, had been listed in the CROWCASS directories since 1945 as a suspect in the murder and torture of civilians. ●●

1945 Ukrainian SS division surrenders, interned at Rimini ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The Ukrainian SS division surrendered to British troops in early 1945 and was interned at the Rimini POW camp north of Rome. Most of them were facing forced repatriation to the USSR under a clause of the Yalta agreements governing return of POWs who had been captured in enemy uniform. ●●

1945 Vanagis founded for Latvian SS veterans ai_extracted 1 cit. no story in this country as well. The Vanagis began as a self-help and welfare society for Latvian SS veterans in Germany in 1945; many of its leaders had been involved in Fascist activity ... ●●

1945 Arthur Bliss Lane, Joe McCarthy, and the rest of the rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Arthur Bliss Lane, Joe McCarthy, and the rest of the liberationist stalwarts balked at the Bohlen nomination. Even Secretary of State Dulles was concerned about how Bohlen’s earlie... ●●

1945 He had profited during the war from the Nazi confiscation rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story He had profited during the war from the Nazi confiscation of Jewish property, then later from the defeat of Nazi Germany itself. Von Bolschwing enlisted as a CIC informer for the A... ●●

1945 “But they are mostly Jews.”25 At the end of the rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story “But they are mostly Jews.”25 At the end of the war von Bolschwing abandoned his SS comrades to their fates as soon as it became profitable to do so. He began active —one might eve... ●●

1945 Strategy 1945–1950 (New York: Columbia University Press, 1978), p. ... rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Strategy 1945–1950 (New York: Columbia University Press, 1978), p. 173ff. ●●

1945 See also “General Situation Report No. 2, 15 July to rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story See also “General Situation Report No. 2, 15 July to 1 September 1945,” Office of Strategic Services Mission for Germany (top secret), p. 5, for further details drawn from an inter... ●●

1945 FDR takes his fourth oath of office ai_extracted 2 cit. no story On January 20, 1945, Franklin D. Roosevelt took his fourth and final presidential oath of office, then traveled to Yalta to meet with Stalin and Churchill. This would be his last major diplomatic engagement. ●●

1945 Congress approves the Bretton Woods agreement ai_extracted 1 cit. no story On July 20, 1945, Congress approved the Bretton Woods agreement establishing the International Monetary Fund and World Bank. Twenty-seven other Allied nations joined, though the Soviet Union notably did not. ●●

1945 Roosevelt dies and Truman becomes president ai_extracted 1 cit. no story On April 12, 1945, President Franklin D. Roosevelt died suddenly at his Warm Springs retreat in Georgia. His death ended the Roosevelt era in foreign policy and elevated Vice President Harry Truman to the presidency. ●●

1945 Aldrich Seeks to Establish Influence with Truman rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In late June 1945, Chase chairman Winthrop Aldrich moved quickly to establish his influence with the newly-elevated President Truman. He proposed meetings regarding his role as president of the International Chamber of Commerce. ●●

1945 Truman authorizes atomic bombing of Japan ai_extracted 2 cit. no story On August 6, 1945, President Truman authorized dropping an atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan, instantly killing approximately 70,000 people. Days later a second bomb destroyed Nagasaki, establishing American nuclear weapons dominance. ●●

1945 Ho Chi Minh proclaims Democratic Republic of Vietnam ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Ho Chi Minh proclaims Democratic Republic of Vietnam ●●

1945 Arevalo delivers inaugural address in Guatemala ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In his inaugural address, delivered to an expectant nation on March 15, 1945, Arévalo cited Roosevelt as his inspiration, and vowed to follow his exam (1945) ●●

1945 Franklin Roosevelt dies; Truman becomes president ai_extracted 1 cit. no story President Franklin D. Roosevelt died on April 12, 1945. Vice President Harry Truman assumed the presidency with minimal briefing on nuclear weapons or Soviet intentions. ●●

1945 Joint Chiefs shelve Donovan's intelligence agency plan ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Military leadership rejected Donovan's intelligence proposal, fearing it would be too independent and powerful. ●●

1945 Truman dissolves the OSS and fires Donovan ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Truman fired Donovan and ordered the OSS disbanded, believing the spy agency resembled a Gestapo. ●●

1945 Magruder keeps OSS operations alive under new name ai_extracted 1 cit. no story General Magruder reversed Truman's OSS decision by obtaining authorization to continue operations under a new name. ●●

1945 In 1945, Eric’s deputy had rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In 1945, Eric’s deputy had interrogated a short, stocky lieutenant general named Fritz Bayerlein, who had been Rommel’s tank chief in North Africa.... ●●

1945 By his first night there (1945) rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Writing to his pregnant wife from the prison camp, Alain suggested that if the child were a boy he should be named Eric, which in fact occurred. Later... ●●

1945 Robert Ley commits suicide before Nuremberg trial ai_extracted 1 cit. no story We might note two events of special Warburg interest. On October 25, 1945, Dr. Robert Ley, former Nazi nemesis of Max Warburg, committed suicide in hi... ●●

1945 CHAPTER 39––Our Aryan At the end of World War II (1945) rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Max and Alice wanted Eric to make the sort of match that would have been suitable in Imperial Germany, but that seemed anachronistic in postwar New Yo... ●●

1945 As Eric began spending part of the year in Germany (1945) rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story As the Warburgs began to challenge the legitimacy of the Aryanized name, Brinckmann must have felt rudely cheated of his miraculous gift. In the rubbl... ●●

1945 First Vintage Books Edition, January 1989 Copyright © rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication DataKennedy, Paul M., 1945-The rise and fall of the great powers.1. History, Modern. 2. ●●

1945 1945 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story It is clear from the record that many of the scientists working on the A-bomb were acutely aware that they were reaching toward a watershed in the entire history of warfare, weapon... ●●

1945 1945 European rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story For some years after 1945, it seems fair to assume that the American nuclear advantage helped to “balance out” the Russian preponderance in conventional forces. ●●

1945 1945 Diplomatic Agreement rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In turn, this had the effect of tying all three of the western “flank” Powers—the United States, Canada, and Britain—to permanent military obligations on the continent of Europe to... ●●

1945 1945 Military Campaign rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story After 1945, Stalin permitted the construction of many more submarines, based upon superior German designs and probably to be employed in an extended coastal-defense role; but he al... ●●

1945 22. MAW. Letter from Josi Warburg, July 22 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story 22. MAW. Letter from Josi Warburg, July 22, 1945. ●●