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37 event(s), 12 uncited and 19 outside stories on this page

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  1. 1204 Crusaders sack Constantinople ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Second, when Constantinople be gan to falter-sacked by crusaders in 1204-Kiev's economy based on con necting nodes of commerce shrank. ●●
  2. 1204 Crusaders sack Constantinople ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The sacking by crusaders of Constantinople in 1204 and the displacement for some decades of the Byzantine emperor into Anatolia created long-lasting bitterness. Crusades establishe... ●●
  3. 1513 Machiavelli writes The Prince ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Machiavelli wrote The Prince around 1513, a foundational work of political philosophy dedicated to Lorenzo di Medici. ●●
  4. 1513 Machiavelli writes The Prince 0 cit. Out of office and in exile, Niccolo Machiavelli writes The Prince, a cold study of how rulers actually win and hold power rather than how they ought to behave. It broke with medieval moral theory and helped found modern political thought. culture / politics ●●●
  5. 1614 Fama Fraternitatis published 0 cit. The Fama Fraternitatis, printed in 1614, is the first of the Rosicrucian manifestos and announces a hidden brotherhood dedicated to learning and reform. It tells the story of the order's founder and calls scholars to join a general renewal of knowledge. religion / science ●●●●
  6. 1614 Fama Fraternitatis published ai_extracted 1 cit. Levenda describes the publication of the Fama Fraternitatis in 1614, announcing the existence of the Rosicrucian order and sparking the 'Rosicrucian Furore' across Europe. ●●
  7. September 1720 Collapse of the South Sea Bubble 0 cit. South Sea Company stock collapses after rising almost tenfold in months, ruining thousands of British investors. Parliament responds with the Bubble Act restricting new joint-stock companies. economy / politics ●●●●
  8. 1720 Collapse of the South Sea Bubble ai_extracted 1 cit. It was upon these solid foundations that Britain’s “credit” rested, despite early uncertainties, considerable political opposition, and a financial near-disaster like the collapse of the famous South ●●
  9. 3 July 1778 to 13 May 1779 War of the Bavarian Succession wikidata 0 cit. no story dispute between the Austrian Habsburg monarchy and an alliance of Saxony and Prussia ●●●●
  10. 1778 War of the Bavarian Succession ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The brief and ultracautious campaigning in the War of Bavarian Succession (1778–1779), when Prussia opposed Austria’s attempt at expansion, merely confirmed this widespread wish to avoid the costs of ●●
  11. 1853 Commodore Perry's black ships reach Japan ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The entire military system ossified for two centuries, so that when Commodore Perry’s famous “black ships” arrived in 1853, there was little that an overawed Japanese government could do except grant ●●
  12. 1853 Commodore Perry's black ships reach Japan ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Commodore Matthew Perry’s “black ships” in 1853 and presents a paradigmatic case of what Samuel Huntington labeled “defensive modernization. ●●
  13. 1877 Edison invents the phonograph 0 cit. Thomas Edison built a machine that could record sound onto a tinfoil cylinder and play it back. For the first time, music and speech could be captured and heard again. technology ●●●●●
  14. 1877 Edison invents the phonograph ai_extracted 1 cit. have been vinyl, but in this case it was copper, plated with gold. This analog means of capturing, preserving, and reproducing sound was invented in 1877 by Thomas Edison, who called it phonography. ●●
  15. 15 November 1884 to 1885 Berlin Conference partitions Africa 0 cit. European powers met to set rules for claiming African territory and drew borders without African representation. The conference formalized the Scramble for Africa and Leopold's private control of the Congo. politics ●●●●●
  16. 1884 Berlin Conference partitions Africa ai_extracted 1 cit. Following on a series of congresses that since 1 8 1 5 had tried to regulate the political order of Europe (chapters 8 and n), the Berlin Confer ence... ●●
  17. 1900 First Pan-African Conference meets in London ai_extracted 1 cit. Racializing ideologies were also challenged on the empires' global scale when, for instance, the first pan-African Conference met in London in 1900, b... ●●
  18. 23 July 1900 First Pan-African Conference meets in London 0 cit. The Trinidadian barrister Henry Sylvester Williams convened the first Pan-African Conference, gathering delegates of African descent from Africa, the Caribbean, and the Americas. In his address to the meeting, W. E. B. Du Bois declared that the problem of the twentieth century is the problem of the color line. The conference began an organized tradition of Pan-African gatherings. politics / society ●●●
  19. 31 March 1913 J.P. Morgan dies in Rome 0 cit. John Pierpont Morgan died in Rome in March 1913. Control of the bank passed to his son, J.P. Morgan Jr. economy ●●●
  20. 1913 Wilson signs the Federal Reserve Act ai_extracted 1 cit. no story After six more months of haggling over minor details, Wilson signed the Federal Reserve Act into law on December 23, 1913, establishing the twelve-bank Federal Reserve System and... ●●
  21. 1913 J.P. Morgan dies in Rome ai_extracted 1 cit. Six weeks after the report was issued and just past midnight on March 31, 1913, Morgan died at the Grand Hotel in Rome. His partners attributed the death of the great titan to... ●●
  22. 1913 Wilson signs the Federal Reserve Act ai_extracted 2 cit. no story In December 1913, President Wilson signed the Federal Reserve Act, providing the government with a central bank and freeing it of reliance on the House of Morgan in emergencies; the new Federal Reserv... ●●
  23. 28 June 1914 Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand 0 cit. Gavrilo Princip shoots the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne and his wife Sophie during a state visit. politics / war ●●●●●
  24. 1914 Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand ai_extracted 1 cit. no story power, and the casus belli as accidental as the preceding diplomacy had been reckless. On June 28, 1914, Franz Ferdinand, heir to the Habsburg throne, ●●
  25. 1914 Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The origin of World War I usually is attributed to the assassina- tion of Archduke Francis Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary by a Serbian nationalist in 19 ●●
  26. 1922 Assassination of Walther Rathenau ai_extracted 1 cit. no story On 24 June 1922 Foreign Minister Walther Rathenau, architect of the fulfillment policy, was murdered by right-wing reactionaries. His killing deepened the panic that sent the mark into free fall. ●●
  27. 1922 Assassination of Walther Rathenau ai_extracted 1 cit. no story right-wing extremists gunned down Walther Rathenau, the Weimar Republic’s first Foreign Minister, a physical chemist and industrialist friend of Einstein and a highly visible Jew. ●●
  28. 1923 French and Belgian troops occupy the Ruhr ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In early 1923, after Germany fell behind on reparations, forty thousand French and Belgian troops invaded and occupied the industrial Ruhr valley. The precipitating incident was a failure to deliver telephone poles. ●●
  29. 1923 French and Belgian troops occupy the Ruhr ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In January 1923, French and Belgian troops occupied the Ruhr, Germany’s industrial heartland, without consulting th ●●
  30. 19 August 1953 Operation Ajax overthrows Mossadegh 0 cit. The CIA and Britain's MI6 organized a coup that removed Iran's elected prime minister Mohammad Mossadegh after he nationalized the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company. The operation restored the Shah's power and the CIA later acknowledged its role. economy / politics ●●●●●
  31. 1953 Operation Ajax overthrows Mossadegh ai_extracted 1 cit. The United States Central Intelligence Agency orchestrated Operation Ajax, overthrowing Iran's democratic government and installing a long dictatorship. ●●
  32. 1960 Nigeria gains independence from Britain ai_extracted 1 cit. no story When Nigeria was granted independence from Britain in 1960, it was bequeathed a democratic constitution that provided for regular elections. ●●
  33. 1 October 1960 Nigeria gains independence from Britain 0 cit. Nigeria, Africa's most populous territory, became independent from Britain as a federation of regions. Its size and mix of peoples made it a major test case for post-colonial nation-building. Regional and ethnic tensions would later erupt into the Biafran civil war. politics / society ●●
  34. 1993 First World Trade Center bombing ai_extracted 1 cit. no story A bomb exploded in the parking garage beneath the World Trade Center, killing six and injuring more than a thousand. The plot traced back to a blind Egyptian sheik whom the CIA had helped admit to the United States. ●●
  35. 1993 First World Trade Center bombing ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Al-Qaeda’s ambitious campaign began with attacks on American and allied facilities in the Middle East and Africa. A 1993 attack on the World Trade Center displayed the organization’s global ambitions. On September 11, 2001, the offensive reached its ●●
  36. 2010 European sovereign debt crisis ai_extracted 2 cit. no story These weaknesses were made painfully evident in the European debt crisis of 2010–2013. ●●
  37. c. 2 May 2010 European sovereign debt crisis 0 cit. Greece received the first of several bailouts as high public debt threatened to break up the eurozone, followed by rescues for Ireland, Portugal, Spain, and Cyprus. The crisis forced new bailout funds and tighter budget rules, and tested whether the single currency could survive without deeper political union. diplomacy / economy / politics ●●●