Events, Verisoph

22 February 1700 to 10 September 1721 Great Northern War wikidata 0 cit. no story conflict between anti-Swedish coalition Led by Russia and Swedish empires in 1700-1721 ●●●●

1700 new dynastic combination emerged in 1700 (despite British rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story A new dynastic combination emerged in 1700 (despite British attempts to prevent it) , when Bourbons, springing from the lineage of the kings of France... ●●

1700 Bourbon dynasty, in power since 1700, no lon rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The Bourbon dynasty, in power since 1700, no lon ger fit the pattern of composite monarchy. ●●

1700 Nonetheless , the European population of North America rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Nonetheless , the European population of North America was very small compared with that of lndians; there were only about 250,000 Europeans on the co... ●●

1700 Event rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story If in 1650 most settlers on both con tinent and islands were white, by 1700 the white-black ratio was 7. 5-1 on the mainland, l-3 .6 in the West Indies. The plantation islands were... ●●

1700 4 Yet between 1700 and 1950 there was a ‘great divergence’ of living standards between rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story 4 Yet between 1700 and 1950 there was a ‘great divergence’ of living standards between East and West. ●●

1700 Since 1700, public opinion had played an important... rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Since 1700, public opinion had played an important role in British foreign policy. ●●

1700 14: Orthodoxy: More Than an Empire (900- 1700) 1 Tyerman, 2-3 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story 14: Orthodoxy: More Than an Empire (900- 1700) 1 Tyerman, 2-3 ●●

1700 23: To Make the World Protestant (1700-1914) 1 J rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story 23: To Make the World Protestant (1700-1914) 1 J ●●

1700 23: To Make the World Protestant (1700- 1914) In addition to the rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story 23: To Make the World Protestant (1700- 1914) In addition to the surveys of particular regions listed above under ‘General Reading for All Christian History’, the essayists of S ●●

19 July 1701 Nanfan Treaty wikidata 0 cit. no story 1701 treaty between New York and the Iroquois Confederacy ●●●

July 1701 to September 1714 War of the Spanish Succession 0 cit. no story Europe's powers fight over whether a Bourbon may inherit the Spanish throne, with Marlborough's victories checking France. The peace lets Philip V keep Spain but bars union with France and makes Britain a leading power. politics / war ●●●●

1701 16 Then Britain and Ireland witnessed a gradual dismantling of public disabilities rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story 16 Then Britain and Ireland witnessed a gradual dismantling of public disabilities for Catholics (not yet completed in the early twenty-first century, with a repeal of the legislation of 1701 forbidding Catholics to succeed to the British throne stil ●●

1701 D printed in Sefer Raztel (1701) rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story f Worms in 89 ‘71D ’D printed in Sefer Raztel (1701) f. 7b speaks on the niizien 71D as one of the “ ●●

1701 Amsterdam (1701) rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story the end of 5x11 125 Amsterdam (1701) f. 37—40. Moreover, there is a great deal of unpublished materi ●●

1702 Geopolitics Because of the inherently competitive nature of rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Hence the justifiable alarm, during the fierce toe-to-toe battles of the War of Spanish Succession (1702–1713), at the heavy losses caused by Marlborough’s willingness to launch the Anglo-Dutch armies ●●

1703 BCE; ); Abgar (‘the Great’;) Edinburgh; Missionary Conference (1910) education; Protestant; Roman rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story BCE; ); Abgar (‘the Great’;) Edinburgh; Missionary Conference (1910) education; Protestant; Roman Catholic; see also clerical education; schools; Society of Jesus; universities Edwards, Jonathan (1703-58) Egypt; ancient ; astronomy in; early monastic ●●

1703 Legislative action rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In 1703, South Carolina declared that its money was “a good payment and tender in law” and then added that, should anyone refuse to honor it as such, ●●

1704 Marlborough wins the Battle of Blenheim ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Marlborough’s decisive victory at Blenheim (1704) severely hurt the Franco-Bavarian armies and freed Austria from a French invasion threat. The later battle of Ramillies (1706) gave the Anglo-Dutch fo ●●

1706 Birth of Benjamin Franklin ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Gatto recounts that Benjamin Franklin was born on Milk Street in Boston on January 17, 1706, the youngest son of a candlemaker. ●●

1706 Battle of Ramillies gives Anglo-Dutch the Netherlands ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The later battle of Ramillies (1706) gave the Anglo-Dutch forces most of the southern Netherlands, and that at Oudenarde (1708) brutally stopped the French effort to regain ground there.52 At sea, wit ●●

1 May 1707 Union of Great Britain 0 cit. no story The Acts of Union merge England and Scotland into the Kingdom of Great Britain, the founding of the modern British state. politics ●●●●

1707 Reign rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The notion of"British" meant little before the Union with Scotland in 1707 and the word "empire" in the sixteenth and seven teenth centuries referred to England being " entire of i... ●●

1707 Christianus detectus (1707) rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story , Cabalismus Judaeo-Christianus detectus (1707) p. 118, says that he has found the Kawwanah called S ●●

1707 John Mill documents thirty thousand biblical variants ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Distinguished English biblical scholar John Mill determines approximately thirty thousand variant readings exist. ●●

1707 Founding or establishment rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In 1707, the recently created Bank of England was given the responsibility of managing this currency, but the bank found more profit in the circulatio ●●

1708 Mazepa allies with Sweden against Peter the Great ai_extracted 1 cit. no story But when Hetman Ivan Mazepa, one of the richest men in Europe, allied with the king of Sweden against Peter the Great in 1708, Russia, with its own Co... ●●

1708 Battle of Oudenarde halts the French offensive ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The later battle of Ramillies (1706) gave the Anglo-Dutch forces most of the southern Netherlands, and that at Oudenarde (1708) brutally stopped the French effort to regain ground there.52 At sea, wit ●●

1709 Russia defeats Sweden at Poltava ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Russia’s stunning defeat of the Swedes at Poltava (1709) alerted the other powers to the fact that the hitherto distant and somewhat barbarous Muscovite state was intent upon playing a role in Europea ●●

1711 A supplementary scheme had been set up by the Bishop of Edinburgh in 1711, but rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story A supplementary scheme had been set up by the Bishop of Edinburgh in 1711, but on the traditional pay-as-you-go basis. ●●

1711 From Felix, he had inherited La Belle Blonde Stradivarius,... (1711) rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story From Felix, he had inherited La Belle Blonde Stradivarius, later swapping it with the Havemeyer family for the 1711 Duport Stradivarius, considered by some the greatest of all Stradivarius instruments. ●●

1711 Hons (1711) rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story n, Zevi Chotsh in 28 Hons (1711). But the most interesting among this group is undoubtedly Jacob Kop ●●

1713 Geopolitics Because of the inherently competitive nature of rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Hence the justifiable alarm, during the fierce toe-to-toe battles of the War of Spanish Succession (1702–1713), at the heavy losses caused by Marlborough’s willingness to launch the Anglo-Dutch armies ●●

6 March 1714 Treaty of Rastatt wikidata 0 cit. no story 1714 peace treaty between France and Austria following the War of the Spanish Succession ●●●

1714 Leibniz writes the Monadology ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Leibniz’s reflections on the nature of mind culminated in his Monadology of 1714, a short text describing a universe of elementary mental particles th ●●

1714 First pipe organ installed in New England ai_extracted 1 cit. no story First pipe organ in New England acquired by Anglican church in Boston, seen as popish by Congregationalists. ●●

1714 Halley's recognition of self-luminous matter in the Philosophical Transactions rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Halley's work in the Philosophical Transactions recognized the existence of self-luminous matter, advancing understanding of nebular theory and cosmic substance. ●●

1715 This hanging scroll is the work of the rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story This hanging scroll is the work of the Jesuit Castiglione, who arrived in China in 1715 and was appo inted to the post of court painter in Beij ing. ●●

1715 This general balance of political, military, and economic fo rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story This general balance of political, military, and economic force in Europe was underwritten by an Anglo-French détente lasting nearly two decades after 1715.59 France in particular needed to recuperate ●●

23 January 1719 Formation of Liechtenstein 0 cit. no story Emperor Charles VI unites Vaduz and Schellenberg as the Principality of Liechtenstein within the Holy Roman Empire. politics ●●

1719 As in 1719, so in 1929, there were unscrupulous insiders, like Charles E. rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story As in 1719, so in 1929, there were unscrupulous insiders, like Charles E. ●●

1719 And, just as in 1719, the rewards to investors seemed irresistible. rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story And, just as in 1719, the rewards to investors seemed irresistible. ●●

1719 Furthermore, the monarchies in London and Paris, not a littl rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Furthermore, the monarchies in London and Paris, not a little fearful of their own succession, frowned upon any attempts to upset the status quo and found it mutually profitable to cooperate on many i ●●

1719 Treatise of the Three Impostors published in print ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Treatise of Three Impostors finally published in print after circulating as manuscript for decades. ●●

1720 pya niqy nw (1720) rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Abraham de Botton 2pya niqy nw (1720) f. 42a, re- printed by Rosanes vol. IV p. 473. 9 §. Trivush in ●●

1721 World Power Centers in the Sixteenth Century 2 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Europe in 1721 6. European Colonial Empires, c. 1750 7. ●●

1722 Afghan tribesmen invade Iran and sack Isfahan ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Afghan tribesmen sweep down from the north and overrun Iran, even sacking Isfahan, the capital city, in a significant military invasion. ●●

1723 Johann Peter Rockefeller immigrates to America ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Johann Peter Rockefeller, a miller, immigrates from Germany to Philadelphia and settles on farms in Somerville and Amwell, New Jersey, acquiring large landholdings. This marks the beginning of the Rockefeller family in America. ●●

1726 Any nwnd (1726) rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story sidim § 1318. 66 Cf. Any nwnd (1726) f. 2a/b. 67 Sanhedrin 98a. 68 This is the doctrine of 7017 x’? ●●

1727 Russia and the Qing sign the Kiakhta treaty ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The principles of Nerchinsk were firmed up by the Kiakhta treaty, signed in 1727, and the frontier marked with boundary stones. ●●

1729 Fleet and Marshalsea debtors' prison scandal ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In 1729 the horrific conditions of London's Fleet and Marshalsea debtors' prisons were exposed, where poor debtors were left to die of hunger and jail fever. ●●

1729 Emperor Yongzheng bans opium in China ai_extracted 1 cit. no story This was a practice that the Emperor Yongzheng had prohibited over a century before, in 1729, because of the high social costs of opium addiction. ●●

1729 Information history in 1729 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story t exactly once. What would be an uninteresting number? ●●

c. 1730 to c. June 1747 Campaigns of Nader Shah 0 cit. no story Nader Shah rebuilds Persian power, defeats the Ottomans, and sacks Delhi in 1739, carrying off the Peacock Throne. His assassination in 1747 collapses his empire but leaves Mughal India fatally weakened. war ●●●

1730 Information history in 1730 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story h the bugle and the bell, used to transmit a small set of messages: attack; retreat; come to church. But they could not conceive of talking drums. ●●

1731 ;; and Greeks; medieval and modern Christianity in; monasticism in; and prophecy rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story ;; and Greeks; medieval and modern Christianity in; monasticism in; and prophecy Assumption: see Mary Assyria Assyrian Christians; see also Dyophysites Astell, Mary (1666 - 1731) astrology astronomy Athanasius (293 - 373); Life of Antony atheism; see ●●

October 1733 to October 1735 War of the Polish Succession 0 cit. no story France and its allies fight Austria and Russia over the disputed Polish throne. The fighting settles little in Poland but redraws dynastic holdings in Italy. politics / war ●●

1733 ‘Tho’ Chance produces Irregularities,’ wrote de Moivre in 1733, ‘still the Odds will be infinitely rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story ‘Tho’ Chance produces Irregularities,’ wrote de Moivre in 1733, ‘still the Odds will be infinitely great, that in process of Time, those Irregularities will bear no proportion to recurrency of that Order which naturally results from Original Design. ●●

1733 Even a French attack upon the Austrian possessions of Lorrai candidate ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Even a French attack upon the Austrian possessions of Lorraine and Milan in 1733, and a French move into the Rhineland, failed to provoke a British reaction. Unable to obtain any support from the isol ●●

1734 Event of 1734 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story the Statesman (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1899), 316; and Otto von Bismarck, The Kaiser vs. Bismarck: Suppressed Letters by the Kaiser and New Chapters from the Autobiography of the Iron Chancellor (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1921), 144–45. Enlig ●●

1735 States of Holland proscribe Masonic Lodges ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Pike claims that because true Masonry bore the banners of Freedom and Equal Rights and rebelled against temporal and spiritual tyranny, the Lodges were proscribed by an edict of the States of Holland in 1735. ●●

1737 to 1740 Great Plague of 1738 wikidata 0 cit. no story Historical event related to an outbreak of bubonic plague in the Balkan Peninsula ●●●

1737 Louis XV forbids Masonic Lodges in France ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Pike reports that Louis XV forbade Masonic Lodges in France in 1737, as part of governmental and ecclesiastical suppression of Masonry. ●●

1738 ), Journals and Diaries II (1738-43) (Works of John Wesley, 19, 1990), rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story ), Journals and Diaries II (1738-43) (Works of John Wesley, 19, 1990), 67 ●●

1738 Pope Clement XII condemns Freemasonry ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Pike records that Pope Clement XII issued a famous Bull of Excommunication against Freemasonry in 1738, empowering bishops and inquisitors to punish Freemasons as suspects of heresy. ●●

1739 66 Letter of 1739: W rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story 66 Letter of 1739: W ●●

December 1740 to October 1748 War of the Austrian Succession 0 cit. no story Prussia's seizure of Silesia from Maria Theresa triggers a general European war fought from India to North America. Prussia keeps Silesia and emerges as a great power. politics / war ●●●

1740 War of the Austrian Succession begins ai_extracted 2 cit. no story The War of the Austrian Succession began in 1740, coinciding with the First Silesian War and the accession of Frederick II (the Great). Clausewitz used this date as the beginning of his historical examples. ●●

1740 Information history in 1740 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story of Words: Tolkien and the Oxford English Dictionary. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006. ●●

1743 The Rothschild banking dynasty ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Quigley asserts that the greatest of the international banking dynasties descended from Meyer Amschel Rothschild (1743-1812) of Frankfurt, whose sons ran coordinated branches across Europe. ●●

1743 Prussia was joined by France, Spain, Bavaria, and ... rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In it, Prussia was joined by France, Spain, Bavaria, and Saxony—which in 1743 switched sides—while Great Britain supported Austria. ●●

1743 Council of Berne proscribes Freemasonry ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Pike notes that in 1743 the Council of Berne proscribed Masonry, continuing the ecclesiastical suppression initiated by the papal bull five years earlier. ●●

c. 1744 Founding of the Al Said Sultanate 0 cit. no story Ahmad bin Said is elected imam of Oman, founding the Al Said dynasty that still rules the sultanate; Oman was never colonized. politics ●●●

1746 to 1763 Carnatic Wars 0 cit. no story Britain and France fight through Indian proxies for influence in the Carnatic. British victory drives France from serious contention in India and opens the way for Company rule. politics / war ●●●

1747 Nadir Shah assassinated, Qajar dynasty rises ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Nadir Shah is assassinated, and after a series of power struggles lasting nearly fifty years, the Qajar dynasty comes to power. ●●

1747 2 The trade taught him discipline, and formed the setting for his rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story 2 The trade taught him discipline, and formed the setting for his Evangelical Calvinist conversion in 1747, after which happy experience he continued to pass on his new-found discipline to his unruly charges by applying thumbscrews to them when neces ●●

1748 Franklin sells his business to pursue study ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Gatto notes that in 1748 Franklin, then wealthy at forty-two, sold his printing business to devote himself to study, soon earning a scientific reputation in Europe. ●●

1748 La Mettrie takes refuge with Frederick of Prussia, 1748 ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Gatto notes that the materialist writer La Mettrie fled the Netherlands in 1748 and accepted the protection of Frederick of Prussia. ●●

1748 War of the Austrian Succession ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The first was the War of the Austrian Succession, from 1740 to 1748. ●●

1750 But by 1750, the number of Euro-Americans and rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story But by 1750, the number of Euro-Americans and Afro-Americans east of the Mississippi had reached around r . ●●

1750 For all the talk about a European “Pentarchy,” however, it i rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story For all the talk about a European “Pentarchy,” however, it is important to recall that the five Great Powers were not in the same relationship to one another as they had been in 1750 or even in 1789. ●●

1750 World Power Centers in the Sixteenth Century 2 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story 1750 7. Europe at the Height of Napoleon’s Power, 1810 8. The Chief Possessions, Naval Bases, and Submarine Cables of the British Empire, c. ●●

1750 Event of 1750 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story from My Life ALI SOUFAN, The Black Banners: Inside the Hunt for Al Qaeda JASON BURKE, The 9/11 Wars TIMOTHY D. WILSON, Redirect: The Surprising New Science of Psychological Change IAN KERSHAW, The End: Hitler’s Germany, 1944-45 T M DEVINE, To the End ●●

1750 Information history in 1750 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story ifferent ways, could denote numbers and weights. A more systematic approach to the writing of numbers did not take shape until the time of Hammurabi, 1750 BCE, when Mesopotamia was unified around the ●●

1750 Event of 1750 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story i n t r o d u c t i o n 3 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 2 4 6 8 10 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 Annual increments (millions) Population size (billions) Po ●●

1750 Hasidism emerges in Eastern Europe ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Popular Hasidic movement emerges in Eastern Europe, transforming Kabbalah into mass movement centered on Zaddik leaders ●●

1750 Colonial Price Inflation from Fiat Money rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Griffin reports that by the late 1750s, excessive printing of colonial fiat money caused massive inflation: Connecticut 800%, the Carolinas 900%, Massachusetts 1000%, Rhode Island 2300%. ●●

1751 1751, Voltaire described a “Christian Europe” as “... rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In 1751, Voltaire described a “Christian Europe” as “a sort of great republic divided into several states, ●●

1751 Event of 1751 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In what may be the first proposal for a policy to control world population, Benjamin Franklin noted in 1751 how rap- idly the colonies of North Americ ●●

1751 Legislative action rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The situation was so out of hand that, beginning in 1751, the British Parliament stepped in and, in one of those rare instances where interference fro ●●

1752 1752: lica of the Analytical Engine. The Jacquard loom. Silk portrait of Jos rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story lica of the Analytical Engine. The Jacquard loom. Silk portrait of Joseph-Marie Jacquard (1752–1834) woven by a Jacquard loom. ●●

1752 Hume, ‘Of Commerce’ (1752), qu rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Hume, ‘Of Commerce’ (1752), qu ●●

28 May 1754 to 7 October 1763 French and Indian War wikidata 0 cit. no story North American theatre of the worldwide Seven Years' War ●●●●

1754 A stroke, not any qualm of conscience about slavery, ended his career rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story A stroke, not any qualm of conscience about slavery, ended his career at sea in 1754 ●●

1755 Braddock's defeat at the Monongahela ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Gatto recounts General Edward Braddock's July 9, 1755 crossing of the Monongahela and the ambush that followed, a defeat he argues proved the British could be beaten. ●●

1755 Braddock's army defeated on the Monongahela, 1755 ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Gatto recounts Braddock's 1755 defeat, which drove frontier conflict and pushed wealthy Pennsylvania Quakers toward the Anglican camp. ●●

May 1756 to February 1763 Seven Years' War 0 cit. no story Often called the first world war, the conflict pits Britain and Prussia against France, Austria, and Russia across four continents. Britain wins Canada and India, while Prussia survives to confirm its great-power status. politics / war ●●●●●

1756 Had diplomats in 1756 been more cautious about rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Had diplomats in 1756 been more cautious about getting into an interempire war, the revolutions in the British, French, and Spanish empires might well... ●●

1756 Nawab of Bengal moves against the East India Company ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In 1756 the nawab <?f Bengal nearly threw the East India Company out; this became the occasion for the company to make use of its military capabilitie... ●●

1756 Frederick the Great launches preemptive war ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Frederick the Great, perceiving in 1756 that war was unavoidable and that he was lost unless he could forestall his enemies, became the first to initiate hostilities. This was an act of boldness, as few men in his position would have dared to act in this way. ●●