Events, Verisoph

1989 CHAPTER THIRTY-SIX SKYSCRAPER IN 1989, Morgan Stanley, with sixty-... rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story CHAPTER THIRTY-SIX SKYSCRAPER IN 1989, Morgan Stanley, with sixty-four hundred employees, occupied seventeen floors of the Exxon Building on Sixth Avenue—more than Exxon itself. The building was now owned by a Mitsui unit. Stepping off the elevat... ●●

1989 Morgan Grenfell reports its first annual loss ai_extracted 1 cit. no story On December 6, 1988, Morgan Grenfell abruptly shut its securities operation, ending its chances of becoming an integrated global investment bank. There was a wholesale firing of 450 people, or a quarter of its entire payroll—one of the biggest sac... ●●

1989 By 1989, the bank had outgrown its shrine at 23 Wall rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story By 1989, the bank had outgrown its shrine at 23 Wall. Lew Preston wanted a personal computer on every banker’s desk, and trading desks required an exotic jungle of electric wiring. To accommodate a high-tech bank, Morgans bought a new forty-seven-... ●●

1989 On the eve of the bank’s departure for 60 Wall in the summer of 198... rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story By 1989, the bank had outgrown its shrine at 23 Wall. Lew Preston wanted a personal computer on every banker’s desk, and trading desks required an exotic jungle of electric wiring. To accommodate a high-tech bank, Morgans bought a new forty-seven-... ●●

1989 First Vintage Books Edition, January 1989 Copyright © rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story First Vintage Books Edition, January 1989 Copyright © 1987 by Paul Kennedy All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. Published in the United States by Random Hous ●●

1989 cult was first exposed in early rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story cult was first exposed in early April 1989. ●●

1989 THE POST-COLD WAR WORLD With the collapse of the S... rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story THE POST-COLD WAR WORLD With the collapse of the Soviet sphere of influence in 1989, new instability has emerged in Central Asia, the Caucasus, the Pe ●●

1989 When we met in early 1989, he told me how he and Shevardnadze had concluded sometime in the 1970s th rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story When we met in early 1989, he told me how he and Shevardnadze had concluded sometime in the 1970s that the communist system needed to be changed from top to bottom. ●●

1989 For four years after the events of Tiananmen Square in 1989, this dialogue was inhibited by the Amer rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story For four years after the events of Tiananmen Square in 1989, this dialogue was inhibited by the American refusal to engage in high-level contacts—a measure never employed against the Soviet Union even at the height of the Cold War. ●●

1989 Excerpts of Gorbachev’s speech to the Council of Europe in Strasbourg, France, July 6, 1989, in The rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Excerpts of Gorbachev’s speech to the Council of Europe in Strasbourg, France, July 6, 1989, in The New York Times, July 7, 1989, p. ●●

1989 “Gorbachev, in Finland, Disavows Any Right of Regional Intervention,” The New York Times, October 26 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story “Gorbachev, in Finland, Disavows Any Right of Regional Intervention,” The New York Times, October 26, 1989, p. ●●

1989 “Gorbachev Lends Honecker a Hand,” The New York Times, October 7, 1989, p rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story “Gorbachev Lends Honecker a Hand,” The New York Times, October 7, 1989, p. ●●

1989 1989: In March 1989 Berners-Lee had his design in place and offici... rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story splayed information, and server software that could respond to requests from the network. In March 1989 Berners-Lee had his design in place and officially submitted a funding proposal to the top manag ●●

1989 1989: e that could respond to requests from the network. In March 1989 Berne rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story e that could respond to requests from the network. In March 1989 Berners-Lee had his design in place and officially submitted a funding proposal to th ●●

1989 Information history in 1989 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story roughout its history”♦ is meant to be included. So for mackerel (“a well-known sea-fish, Scomber scombrus, much used for food”) the second edition in 1989 listed nineteen alternative spellings. ●●

1989 he war, victims’ remains were transferred to or rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story he war, victims’ remains were transferred to or maintained by some of Germany’s leading medical research facilities. Hence the exterminated continued to provide organic service to German medicine. In 1989, the Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, the successor to Hallervorden’s center, admitted ●●

1989 This changed suddenly with the end of the cold war in 1989. rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story This changed suddenly with the end of the cold war in 1989. ●●

1989 Tiananmen protests and the 1989 crackdown ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The contemporaneous Gorbachev reforms in the former Soviet Union inspired the Tiananmen protest movement and the government’s bloody crackdown in June 1989. ●●

1989 China permits village elections ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The Chinese government has permitted village elections in rural areas since 1989 to elect village committees and village leaders with certain limited local powers. ●●

1989 It was not until the second half of the twentieth century that stable liberal democracy finally spre candidate ai_extracted 1 cit. no story It was not until the second half of the twentieth century that stable liberal democracy finally spread throughout Western Europe, and not until the collapse of communism in 1989–1991 that it was extended into Eastern Europe as well. ●●

1989 20,000 peo- ple had been packed into it; rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story 20,000 peo- ple had been packed into it; the December 1989 invasion—10 hours of heavy assault—left 15,000 homeless ●●

1989 After the invasion, one of the docu- ments rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story After the invasion, one of the docu- ments the Iraqis found in a Kuwaiti intelligence file was a memorandum concerning a ●●

1989 In July, while all these warnings were ostensibly rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In July, while all these warnings were ostensibly being ignored, the Pentagon was busy running its computerized command ●●

1989 5° In a visit to San Salvador in rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story 5° In a visit to San Salvador in February 1989, Vice President Dan Quayle told army lead- ers that death squad killings ●●

1989 In October 1989, former Salvadorean Army commando Cesar rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In October 1989, former Salvadorean Army commando Cesar Vielman Joya Martinez, in an interview on the CBS Evening News, ●●

1989 FMLN guerrillas launch major offensive in El Salvador ai_extracted 1 cit. no story A major offensive launched by the guerrillas in late 1989—in which they “brought the war home” to wealthy neighborhoods ●●

1989 In October 1989, President Bush, perhaps in reaction rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In October 1989, President Bush, perhaps in reaction to this congressional rejection, and in anticipation of the upcomin ●●

1989 72; Dilip Hiro, The Longest War: The Iran- rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story 72; Dilip Hiro, The Longest War: The Iran- Iraq Military Conflict (London, 1989), p ●●

1989 Berners-Lee proposes the World Wide Web to CERN ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Berners-Lee formally proposed his hypertext networking design to CERN managers. ●●

21 March 1990 Independence of Namibia 0 cit. no story Namibia becomes independent from South African rule after a long liberation struggle and a UN-supervised transition. politics / war ●●●

22 May 1990 Unification of Yemen 0 cit. no story North and South Yemen unite to form the Republic of Yemen. politics ●●●

1 October 1990 to 18 July 1994 Rwandan Civil War 0 cit. no story The Tutsi-led RPF invades from Uganda, and the war culminates in the 1994 genocide in which Hutu extremists murder around 800,000 Tutsi and moderate Hutu in a hundred days. The RPF's victory ends the genocide and reshapes the region. politics / war ●●●●

1990 Holes appear in Gatto's classroom floor ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Gatto recounts that in October 1990 three holes appeared in the floor of his classroom at Booker T. Washington Junior High in Spanish Harlem. His attempt to fix them, blocked by bureaucracy for five months, becomes his illustration of school power fragmentation. ●●

1990 First government disclosure of Operation Gladio ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The book says the first on-the-record government disclosure of Operation Gladio came in 1990, only because earlier denials could no longer hold. It presents the operation as hidden for more than forty years. ●●

1990 Iraq's invasion of Kuwait ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Saddam Hussein's Iraq invaded Kuwait in 1990. Graeber notes Iraq was still paying reparations to Kuwait for the aggression. ●●

1990 CIA operations with Massoud in 1990 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In the winter of 1990, the CIA had been working closely with Ahmad Shah Massoud in northeastern Afghanistan. ●●

1990 Eagleburger mediates the Noriega standoff in Panama ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Deputy Secretary of State Lawrence Eagleburger arrived in Panama to mediate the standoff with General Noriega, who was holed up in the papal nunciatura. ●●

1990 Noriega surrenders to US forces in Panama ai_extracted 1 cit. no story General Manuel Noriega surrendered to U.S. forces on January 3 after spending eleven days hiding in the papal nunciatura. He was immediately arrested and transported to Miami for trial. ●●

1990 Critical Acclaim for Ron Chernow’s The House of Morgan, WIN rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Critical Acclaim for Ron Chernow’s The House of Morgan, WINNER OF THE 1990 NATIONAL BOOK AWARD FOR NON-FICTION: “The House of Morgan offers a long look at how the contemporary financial landscape ca... ●●

1990 American-led order reaches zenith rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story By the 1990s, the American-led order was at a zenith with the Western world dominating global politics and economics ●●

1990 Bush proclaims a 'new world order' to Congress contested ai_extracted 1 cit. no story President George H.W. Bush addressed a joint session of Congress on September 11, 1990, at the start of the first Iraq War, describing the emergence of a 'new world order,' a phrase that later became subject to conspiracy theories. ●●

1990 Manly P. Hall dies ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Manly P. Hall, the legendary esoteric philosopher and author of The Secret Teachings of All Ages, died. In his final years, he was concerned that his work would be forgotten and his Los Angeles campus neglected. ●●

1990 Yeltsin declares Russia belongs in the West ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Speaking in Kiev on November 19, 1990, Yeltsin asserted Russia's belonging in the West and its intent to imitate Western development, explicitly repudiating the Russian imperial legacy. ●●

1990 France and Germany commit to a federal Europe ai_extracted 1 cit. no story On December 6, 1990, the French president and German chancellor committed themselves to the goal of a federal Europe, reflecting their determination to create stronger European unity. ●●

1990 “that effectively lowered the age of rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story “that effectively lowered the age of consent to 12. ●●

1990 Haddon represented ‘gonzo’ journalist Hunter S. rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Haddon represented ‘gonzo’ journalist Hunter S. ●●

1990 By the 1990s, free peoples everywhere were again looking to America for guidance in constructing yet rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story By the 1990s, free peoples everywhere were again looking to America for guidance in constructing yet another new world order. ●●

1990 Baltic States secede as the USSR disintegrates ai_extracted 1 cit. no story By 1990, the Baltic States seceded and the Soviet Union began to disintegrate. ●●

1990 Hendrickson, Empire of Liberty: The Statecraft of Thomas Jefferson (New York/Oxford: Oxford Universi rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Hendrickson, Empire of Liberty: The Statecraft of Thomas Jefferson (New York/Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1990), p. ●●

1990 1990: 21 By the end of 1990 he had created a suite of tools that ... rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story urce Locators—those URLs, such as http://www.cern.ch , that we now use every day. 21 By the end of 1990 he had created a suite of tools that allowed his network to come to life: a Hypertext Transfer P ●●

1990 1990: as http://www.cern.ch , that we now use every day. 21 By the end of 19 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story as http://www.cern.ch , that we now use every day. 21 By the end of 1990 he had created a suite of tools that allowed his network to come to life: a H ●●

1990 Event of 1990 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story s “near” targets were the Saudi government and its regional partner states; its “far” enemy was the United States, which al-Qaeda reviled for supporting non-sharia-based state governments in the Middle East and for supposedly defiling Islam by deploy ●●

1990 Information history in 1990 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story ♦ IN THE WANING YEARS OF TSARIST RUSSIA: Obituary, Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society 22 (1990): 31; A. N. ●●

1990 FBI inaugurates the CODIS DNA database ai_extracted 1 cit. no story of criminals, suspects, arrestees and unidentified individuals whose DNA is found at crime scenes. The Federal Bureau of Investigation’s Combined National DNA Index System (CODIS) was inaugurated in 1990 and has been steadily databasing DNA from criminal encounters. All fifty states have now passed ●●

1990 cation-even if the insurance claim is unrelated to rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story cation-even if the insurance claim is unrelated to the medical condition. Precedents abound for such retroactive invalidations, albeit based on family health history rather than genetic testing. In a 1990 Quebec case, a man was killed in a car crash. He carried the gene for a degenerative disease, a ●●

1990 But whereas some in the pro-life community really do see their struggle as otherworldly, this way... rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story But whereas some in the pro-life community really do see their struggle as otherworldly, this way of thinking is debilitating for people who are genuinely committed 376 f a t a l m i s c o n c e p ... ●●

1990 In the period from independence through the early 1990s, Julius Nyerere’s effort to build African so rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In the period from independence through the early 1990s, Julius Nyerere’s effort to build African socialism in Tanzania was an utter disaster in every respect other than nation building. ●●

1990 The middle classes, who had strongly supported the democratic opening in the early 1990s, turned aga candidate ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The middle classes, who had strongly supported the democratic opening in the early 1990s, turned against Thaksin and supported a military coup that forced him from power in 2006. ●●

1990 1 Sweden, Finland, and other Scandinavian countries found their large welfare states in crisis durin rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story 1 Sweden, Finland, and other Scandinavian countries found their large welfare states in crisis during the 1990s and were able to make adjustments to their tax and spending levels. ●●

1990 It is hard to envision the democratic transitions that occurred in sub-Saharan Africa in the early 1 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story It is hard to envision the democratic transitions that occurred in sub-Saharan Africa in the early 1990s absent the power of the images of the crumbling Berlin Wall that echoed around the world. ●●

1990 Democracy and Development: Political Institutions and Material Well-Being in the World, 1950–1990 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Democracy and Development: Political Institutions and Material Well-Being in the World, 1950–1990. ●●

1990 Even more signifi- cant, an engineer with the rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Even more signifi- cant, an engineer with the Swiss company declared that he had told the Lockerbie investiga- tors abou ●●

1990 Sandinistas defeated in Nicaraguan elections ai_extracted 1 cit. no story On 25 February 1990, the Sandinistas were defeated in national elections by a coali- tion of political parties running u ●●

1990 -52In December 1990, when President Guillermo Endara was rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story -52In December 1990, when President Guillermo Endara was faced with a military rebellion he was unable to put down, he c ●●

1990 City of Freedom tent camp set up in Sofia ai_extracted 1 cit. no story A “City of Freedom” consisting of more than 60 tents was set up in the center of Sofia, occupied by people who said they ●●

1990 in debt, while Syria, China, Turkey, the Soviet rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story in debt, while Syria, China, Turkey, the Soviet Union, and other countries received military or economic aid and World 3 ●●

1990 Over and over, Bush repeated the mantra: no rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Over and over, Bush repeated the mantra: no negotiations, no deals, no face- saving, no rewards, and specifically, no li ●●

1990 78 By April 1990, 14 months after the rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story 78 By April 1990, 14 months after the Soviet withdrawal, the Los Angeles Times described the state of the rebels thusly: ●●

1990 This, then, was the power and the glory rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story This, then, was the power and the glory of President Reagan’s “freedom fighters”, who had become yet more anti-American ●●

1990 8 There followed more than two years of rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story 8 There followed more than two years of regular political violence, coup attempts, and repression, casting off the vesti ●●

1990 This organization played a very partisan role in rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story This organization played a very partisan role in the 1990 elections when it was allied with US-favorite Marc Bazin, form ●●

1990 Soon thereafter, South Africa freed Nelson Mandela and rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Soon thereafter, South Africa freed Nelson Mandela and apartheid began to crumble, and before the year 1990 was over Hai ●●

1990 forces”, Harper’s Magazine (New York), September 1990; 2) rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story forces”, Harper’s Magazine (New York), September 1990; 2) Los Angeles Times, 1 April 1990, op-ed article by David and Jo ●●

1990 Tariq Aziz, to the Secretary-General of the Arab rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Tariq Aziz, to the Secretary-General of the Arab League, July 15, 1990”, Appendix 1 of Pierre Salinger and Eric Laurent, ●●

1990 Legislative action rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The Encyclopedia of American History and Biography (New York: Facts on File, 1990), p ●●

1990 Berners-Lee completes the core tools of the Web ai_extracted 1 cit. no story By the end of 1990 Berners-Lee had built HTTP, HTML, a browser, and server software. ●●

1990 Cooper Signs the Preface to Behold a Pale Horse rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Cooper dated and signed the preface and creed section of his book from Camp Verde, Arizona, laying out his personal warning about a coming New World Order before the book's 1991 publication. ●●

31 March 1991 to 7 August 1995 Croatian War of Independence wikidata 0 cit. no story war of independence fought from 1991 to 1995 ●●●●

8 December 1991 Belovezh Accords wikidata 0 cit. no story agreement that declared dissolution of the USSR by its founder states (denunciation of 1922 Treaty on the Creation of the USSR) and established the CIS ●●●

7 November 1991 Alpine Convention wikidata 0 cit. no story The Alpine Convention is an international territorial treaty for the sustainable development of the Alps. The objective of the treaty is to protect the natural environment of the Alps while promoting its development. ●●●

21 September 1991 Independence of Armenia 0 cit. no story Armenians vote overwhelmingly for independence from the collapsing Soviet Union in a national referendum. politics ●●●

30 August 1991 Independence of Azerbaijan 0 cit. no story Azerbaijan declares independence from the Soviet Union, restoring the statehood first proclaimed in 1918. politics ●●●

25 August 1991 Independence of Belarus 0 cit. no story Belarus gives its declaration of sovereignty constitutional force, becoming independent as the Soviet Union dissolves. politics ●●●

25 June 1991 Independence of Croatia 0 cit. no story Croatia declares independence from Yugoslavia, leading to the Croatian War of Independence. politics / war ●●●

9 April 1991 Independence of Georgia 0 cit. no story Georgia declares independence from the Soviet Union, restoring the statehood first declared in 1918. politics ●●●

16 December 1991 Independence of Kazakhstan 0 cit. no story Kazakhstan declares independence, the last Soviet republic to do so before the Union formally dissolved. politics ●●●

31 August 1991 Independence of Kyrgyzstan 0 cit. no story Kyrgyzstan declares independence from the Soviet Union in the aftermath of the failed August coup in Moscow. politics ●●●

27 August 1991 Independence of Moldova 0 cit. no story Moldova declares independence from the Soviet Union following the failed August coup in Moscow. politics ●●●

8 September 1991 Independence of North Macedonia 0 cit. no story Macedonia votes for independence from Yugoslavia in a referendum; it was renamed North Macedonia in 2019. politics ●●

26 December 1991 Formation of the Russian Federation 0 cit. no story The Soviet Union is formally dissolved and Russia continues as the independent Russian Federation, its legal successor. politics ●●●●

25 June 1991 Independence of Slovenia 0 cit. no story Slovenia declares independence from Yugoslavia, securing it after the brief Ten-Day War. politics / war ●●●

9 September 1991 Independence of Tajikistan 0 cit. no story Tajikistan declares independence from the Soviet Union; civil war followed from 1992 to 1997. politics ●●●

27 October 1991 Independence of Turkmenistan 0 cit. no story Turkmenistan declares independence from the Soviet Union following a referendum. politics ●●●

24 August 1991 Independence of Ukraine 0 cit. no story Ukraine's parliament declares independence from the Soviet Union, confirmed by over 90 percent of voters in a December referendum. politics ●●●●

31 August 1991 Independence of Uzbekistan 0 cit. no story Uzbekistan declares independence from the Soviet Union following the failed August coup in Moscow. politics ●●●

c. 26 January 1991 Somali Civil War 0 cit. no story The fall of Siad Barre's regime collapses Somalia into clan warfare, famine, and decades without effective central government. The war draws UN, US, African Union, and Ethiopian interventions and spawns the al-Shabaab insurgency. war ●●●

23 March 1991 to 18 January 2002 Sierra Leone Civil War 0 cit. no story The RUF wages a war infamous for amputations, child soldiers, and blood diamonds. British and UN intervention helps end the war in 2002 after some 50,000 deaths. war ●●●

1991 Gatto resigns from teaching ai_extracted 1 cit. no story After thirty years as a New York City teacher, Gatto quit on July 5, 1991. His resignation essay ran in The Wall Street Journal twenty days later. ●●

1991 Gulf War air campaign begins ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The seven-week air war on Iraq opened after Saddam's invasion of Kuwait. The CIA picked bombing targets until one it selected turned out to be a civilian air-raid shelter, killing hundreds. ●●

1991 Bill Clinton announces his 1992 presidential campaign ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Arkansas Governor Bill Clinton officially announced his candidacy for the 1992 Democratic presidential nomination, beginning a campaign with substantial Wall Street funding. ●●