Events, Verisoph

2009 United States—Politics and government—2009– 4. Bankers—Political activity—U... rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story United States—Politics and government—2009– 4. Bankers—Political activity—United States—History—20th century. 5. ●●

2009 A direct consequence of all these new expenditures will be a huge increase in the rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story A direct consequence of all these new expenditures will be a huge increase in the government deficit, which is set to exceed 12 per cent of GDP or 44 per cent of total federal expenditure in 2009. ●●

2009 Greece's true budget deficit revealed ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Greece's actual budget deficit was revealed to be 12.7 percent of GDP in late 2009, far exceeding the claimed 3.7 percent. The revelation of widespread accounting fraud using financial swaps triggered the European debt crisis. ●●

2009 Evergreen wins Air Force helicopter contract ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Evergreen won a 158 million dollar contract to supply the Air Force with helicopters in 2009. ●●

2009 2009: By 2009 the Debian version 5. rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story ts. The case was eventually settled after Microsoft agreed to modify some of its practices. V . By 2009 the Debian version 5.0 of GNU/Linux had 324 million source lines of code, and one study estimate ●●

2009 2009: ” 52 Andreessen said he hoped that Bitcoin, III a digital ... rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story ssen said he hoped that Bitcoin, III a digital currency and peer-to-peer payment system created in 2009, might turn out to be a model for better payment systems. “If I had a time machine and could go ●●

2009 2009: htm ; Dan Bricklin, Bricklin on Technology (Wiley, 2009), 20... rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story pr. 15, 2001, http://danbricklin.com/log/blogger.htm ; Dan Bricklin, Bricklin on Technology (Wiley, 2009), 206. 76. Livingston, Founders at Work , 2289, 2302. 77. Author’s interview with Ev Williams. ●●

2009 2009: Andrew Lih, The Wikipedia Revolution (Hyperion, 2009), 1111. rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story ams. 79. Author’s interview with Ev Williams. 80. Andrew Lih, The Wikipedia Revolution (Hyperion, 2009), 1111. See also Ward Cunningham and Bo Leuf, The Wiki Way: Quick Collaboration on the Web (Addis ●●

2009 2009: and the personal computer made for a richer tale. I put this book on h rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story and the personal computer made for a richer tale. I put this book on hold early in 2009, when I began working on a biography of Steve Jobs. But his st ●●

2009 2009: osoft agreed to modify some of its practices. V . By 2009 the Debian v rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story osoft agreed to modify some of its practices. V . By 2009 the Debian version 5.0 of GNU/Linux had 324 million source lines of cod ●●

2009 2009: upport more people who write things or make music.” 52 Andreessen said rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story upport more people who write things or make music.” 52 Andreessen said he hoped that Bitcoin, III a digital currency and peer-to-peer payment system c ●●

2009 2009: Apr. 15, 2001, http://danbricklin.com/log/blogger.htm ; Dan Bricklin, rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Apr. 15, 2001, http://danbricklin.com/log/blogger.htm ; Dan Bricklin, Bricklin on Technology (Wiley, 2009), 206. 76. Livingston, Founders at Work , 22 ●●

2009 2009: ms. 79. Author’s interview with Ev Williams. 80. Andrew Lih, The Wikip rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story ms. 79. Author’s interview with Ev Williams. 80. Andrew Lih, The Wikipedia Revolution (Hyperion, 2009), 1111. See also Ward Cunningham and Bo Leuf, Th ●●

2009 Information history in 2009 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story he desk. Suppose knowledge could be reduced to a quintessence, held within a picture, a sign, held within a place which is no place. ●●

2009 Public Becomes Aware of Google Search History Practices rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The public became aware that Google maintains search histories indefinitely, with data available to intelligence agencies. ●●

2009 6 THE BIRTHPLACE OF DEMOCRACY How Greece and Italy came to be at the center of the European financ rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story 6 THE BIRTHPLACE OF DEMOCRACY How Greece and Italy came to be at the center of the European financial crisis; Greece and southern Italy as low-trust societies; the consequences of early democratization in Greece; how clientelism deepened in Greece despite modernization Beginning in late 2009 and steadily intensifying thereafter, the European Union was shaken by a financial crisis that has threatened the future of the euro as a currency and the EU as an institutional framework for promoting peace and economic growth. ●●

2009 Similarly, the European Union has been trying to construct a postnational sense of European citizens rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Similarly, the European Union has been trying to construct a postnational sense of European citizenship since the 1950s, a project that has run up against clear limits in the wake of the euro crisis that began in 2009. ●●

2009 The countries that came through the 2008–2009 crisis the most successfully were those like Germany a rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The countries that came through the 2008–2009 crisis the most successfully were those like Germany and the Scandinavian nations that steered a middle course between the laissez-faire approach of the United States and Britain, and the rigid regulatory ●●

2009 The United States Federal Reserve, Treasury, and Congress responded quite forcefully to its financia candidate ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The United States Federal Reserve, Treasury, and Congress responded quite forcefully to its financial crisis, with a massive expansion of the Federal Reserve’s balance sheet, the $700 billion TARP, a second $700 billion stimulus package in 2009, and ●●

2009 Scott, The Art of Not Being Governed: An Anarchist History of Upland Southeast Asia (New Haven: Yale rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Scott, The Art of Not Being Governed: An Anarchist History of Upland Southeast Asia (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2009). ●●

2009 , Democratization in America: A Comparative-Historical Analysis (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story , Democratization in America: A Comparative-Historical Analysis (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2009). ●●

2009 , 296, 304 evolution, biological, 425–27 externalities, 55 extractive institutions, 26, 235, 236 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story , 296, 304 evolution, biological, 425–27 externalities, 55 extractive institutions, 26, 235, 236 Eyadéma, Gnassingbé, 288 Faidherbe, Louis, 297, 309 Falcone, Giovanni, 120, 122, 207 Fanfani, Amintore, 116 Farhang, Sean, 474 fascism, 115, 348 ●●

2009 Pentland deploys sociometric badges on office workers ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Zuboff describes Pentland's 2009 deployment of wearable sociometric badges to monitor office workers' communication patterns, voice tones, and body language in real time. ●●

c. 2009 Rumors circulate that Jay-Z leads the Illuminati unproven 0 cit. Beginning in the late 2000s, online conspiracy theorists began claiming rapper and mogul Jay-Z is a leading member of the Illuminati, pointing to his 'Roc' hand gesture, said to mimic a triangle or pyramid, as proof. No documentation of any such membership exists; the gesture is widely explained, including by Jay-Z's own label, as a diamond shape tied to his Roc-A-Fella brand. This is an unverified pop-culture conspiracy claim, not a documented affiliation. culture / society ●

c. 2009 Conspiracy theorists claim Michael Jackson was targeted or controlled by the Illuminati unproven 0 cit. Following Michael Jackson's death in 2009, conspiracy theories intensified claiming he was either a secret Illuminati member or was killed for trying to expose the group, citing his hand gestures and stage imagery as coded symbols. Other researchers explain the same gestures through musical, spiritual, or performance symbolism unrelated to any secret society. No credible documentation supports either the membership or the assassination claim; both are unverified. culture / society ●

November 2009 Simmons Bedding Company files for bankruptcy after repeated private equity buyouts 0 cit. Simmons Bedding Company, the mattress maker, filed for bankruptcy after being bought and sold by a succession of private equity owners over roughly two decades, each new buyout adding fresh debt on top of the last. A widely read 2009 New York Times investigation found that while the company's owners had collected hundreds of millions of dollars in fees and dividends over that period, Simmons itself had piled up debt and eventually failed, and thousands of jobs were lost in the restructuring that followed. Private equity industry representatives argued the case was an outlier and that most buyouts strengthen the companies they acquire; the reporting and subsequent academic studies used Simmons as a case study of value extraction outpacing operational improvement. economy ●●

June 2009 Mau Mau veterans sue British government 0 cit. Four elderly Kenyans who said they were tortured or abused during the Mau Mau emergency, Ndiku Mutua, Paulo Nzili, Wambugu Wa Nyingi, and Jane Muthoni Mara, filed a claim in the High Court in London against the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, known as Mutua and Others v Foreign and Commonwealth Office. The case sought to hold Britain accountable for abuses in the Kenyan detention camps and forced the government to search its records for relevant files. diplomacy / politics ●●●

c. 2009 Jack Straw ends mandatory disclosure for judicial appointments 0 cit. Home Secretary Jack Straw ends the government's requirement that candidates for judicial office declare Masonic membership, citing the European Court's 2001 ruling against compelled disclosure in a similar Italian case. The change applies to judicial appointments; police forces continued to handle the question of Masonic declaration separately. politics ●

19 December 2009 US apology to Native Peoples signed 0 cit. President Barack Obama signed a formal apology to Native American peoples on behalf of the United States, included as a rider within the 2010 Defense Appropriations Act, acknowledging "years of official depredations, ill-conceived policies, and the breaking of covenants" by the federal government. The apology received little public attention at signing, was not read aloud in a ceremony, and included a disclaimer that it did not authorize or support any legal claims against the United States. diplomacy / politics ●●●

18 February 2009 National Academy of Sciences report Strengthening Forensic Science is published 0 cit. The National Academy of Sciences released Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward, a congressionally mandated review concluding that, apart from nuclear DNA analysis, no forensic discipline had been shown through rigorous scientific study to reliably and consistently connect evidence to a specific individual or source. The report criticized fields including bite-mark analysis, hair and fiber comparison, and firearms identification for lacking established error rates and standardized protocols. It called for an independent federal agency to oversee and fund forensic science research, a recommendation that was never fully implemented. politics / science ●●●

16 July 2009 Kofi Annan hands the Waki envelope to the ICC prosecutor 2 cit. Kofi Annan handed the sealed 'Waki envelope', along with six boxes of supporting documents compiled by the Waki Commission, to International Criminal Court prosecutor Luis Moreno-Ocampo. The material formed the basis of ICC investigations that led to cases against several senior Kenyan political figures, including Uhuru Kenyatta and William Ruto, all of which were later withdrawn or collapsed for lack of evidence and witness intimidation. diplomacy / politics ●●●

c. 3 September 2009 Kenya's TJRC begins its work 0 cit. The Truth, Justice and Reconciliation Commission, chaired by Bethuel Kiplagat, was formally inaugurated. Kiplagat's own alleged links to past state abuses, including the Wagalla massacre, drew controversy and calls for his removal from the chairmanship during the commission's early years. politics / society ●●

15 June 2009 Iraq Inquiry (Chilcot Inquiry) established 0 cit. Prime Minister Gordon Brown announced a public inquiry, chaired by Sir John Chilcot, into Britain's involvement in the Iraq War from 2001 to 2009, covering the decision to go to war, military planning, and the aftermath of the invasion. The inquiry took evidence from ministers, officials and military commanders, including former Prime Minister Tony Blair. Its report was delayed for years, partly over disputes about declassifying communications between Blair and US President George W Bush. politics / war ●●

20 May 2009 Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission established 0 cit. Congress established the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission to examine the causes of the 2008 financial crisis, modelled explicitly on the earlier Pecora Commission. Chaired by Phil Angelides, the ten-member panel held public hearings and interviewed hundreds of witnesses, including bank executives, regulators and economists. It was tasked with reporting on the causes of the collapse of major financial institutions. economy / politics ●●

16 November 2009 The death of Sergei Magnitsky 0 cit. Sergei Magnitsky, a lawyer who had alleged a large tax fraud by officials against the investment firm Hermitage Capital, died in pre-trial detention after being held without adequate medical care. His death, and the impunity of those he had accused, drew international condemnation. It led the United States to pass the Magnitsky Act in 2012, imposing sanctions on those linked to his treatment, a model later copied by other countries. Russian authorities disputed the account and even pursued a posthumous trial against him. economy / politics / society ●●

2009 Ireland's Ryan and Murphy Reports 0 cit. Two official Irish inquiries reported in 2009. The Ryan Report described widespread physical and sexual abuse in Church-run industrial schools, while the Murphy Report found that the Dublin archdiocese had concealed abuse to protect the institution's reputation. Together they broke the moral authority of the Church in Ireland. politics / religion / society ●●●

2009 The charter city idea proposes governing zones by contract 0 cit. Economist Paul Romer publicly promoted charter cities, new urban zones run under rules set by an outside authority or private operator to import better governance. The idea later shaped Honduras's ZEDE zones and the private city project Prospera. Critics warn it can hand core functions of government to corporate operators, reviving the logic of the chartered company. economy / politics / society ●●

2009 Oath Keepers and Three Percenters form armed networks 0 cit. New groups such as the Oath Keepers and the Three Percenters recruited from veterans, police and gun owners, again presenting themselves as a citizen guard ready to resist tyranny. They took part in armed standoffs and later in the 2021 Capitol attack, for which several leaders were convicted of seditious conspiracy. Reported honestly, these movements are contested: they claim a home-defence purpose that critics and courts have tied to political violence. politics / society ●●

c. 2009 The north's enduring poverty as colonial inheritance 0 cit. Decades after independence the former Northern Frontier District remained Kenya's poorest region, trailing the country badly in schools, roads, water, and health, with poverty rates in some counties above 80 percent. Historians and Kenya's own official inquiries link this directly to the colonial closed-district policy of non-development, later compounded by the Shifta War and Wagalla. The gap is treated as an inheritance, not a natural fact of the drylands. economy / society ●●

16 June 2009 The first BRICS summit raises de-dollarization 0 cit. Brazil, Russia, India, and China hold their first summit and call for a more diversified international monetary system less dependent on the dollar. The group, later joined by others, became a forum for discussing trade in national currencies and alternatives to Western-run finance. Progress has been slow, and the members disagree on how far to go. diplomacy / economy / politics ●●

3 August 2009 Truth commissioners sworn in under chairman Bethuel Kiplagat 0 cit. Nine commissioners were sworn in to lead the Truth, Justice and Reconciliation Commission, including three international members appointed for independence: Ronald Slye of the United States, Berhanu Dinka of Ethiopia, and Gertrude Chawatama of Zambia. Retired diplomat Bethuel Kiplagat was named chairman. The commission began taking statements and holding public hearings across the country. politics / society ●

2009 Mau Mau lawsuit exposes the hidden Hanslope archive ai_extracted 1 cit. In 2009 a group of Kenyans alleging mistreatment began legal proceedings against the Foreign and Commonwealth Office. Two years later this led to the discovery of a hidden colonial archive at Hanslope Park, holding records from 37 colonial territories in some 8,800 files. ●●●

2009 The Financial Secrecy Index ranks the havens 0 cit. The Tax Justice Network published its first Financial Secrecy Index in 2009, scoring jurisdictions by how much secrecy they offer and how large their financial sector is. It was built to challenge the OECD's short blacklists, which the Network said let rich countries off the hook. The ranking is the Network's own method, but the underlying laws it measures are public record. economy / society ●●

18 February 2009 UBS admits helping Americans evade taxes 0 cit. The Swiss bank UBS admitted it had helped wealthy Americans hide money from the tax authorities, paid a large penalty and, under pressure, began handing over the names of account holders. The case broke the long-standing wall of banking secrecy for foreign clients. It sharpened a critique that had followed Swiss banking for years: that the vault built on neutrality also served as a haven for tax evasion. economy / politics ●●

2009 The Foreign Policy Initiative succeeds PNAC 0 cit. William Kristol, Robert Kagan, and Dan Senor found the Foreign Policy Initiative, widely seen as the successor to PNAC. It carried forward the same case for an assertive American foreign policy and strong defense spending. The new group kept the network active after PNAC itself had closed. diplomacy / politics ●●

11 June 2009 WHO declares an H1N1 swine flu pandemic 0 cit. The WHO declares the H1N1 influenza outbreak a full pandemic, prompting governments to buy antiviral drugs and vaccines on a large scale. The illness proved milder than feared. Afterward the WHO faced conflict-of-interest criticism, including from a Council of Europe inquiry and the British Medical Journal, over advisers who had ties to drug companies that stood to profit; the WHO said its guidance was not improperly influenced. economy / politics / science ●●●

c. 2009 Ogiek repeatedly evicted from the Mau Forest 3 cit. The Ogiek, a forest-dwelling hunter-gatherer people, were pushed out of the Mau Forest in a series of evictions framed as protecting a vital water catchment. Their homes were burned and families scattered, even though they had lived lightly in the forest for generations. Officials blamed forest loss on settlement while large-scale logging and political land handouts drew less action. environment / politics / society ●●●

2009 Uhuru becomes Finance Minister in the Grand Coalition 2 cit. As Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Finance, Uhuru handled the treasury during the Grand Coalition period after the 2007-08 crisis. Treasury records list him among finance ministers from 2008 to 2013, and biographies emphasize that he was the last finance minister before the full 2010 constitutional reorganization. The post made him a national economic manager before his presidential run. economy / politics ●●●●

c. 2009 Mau is governed as a national water tower and eviction zone 3 cit. The Mau Forest became framed as a national water tower, but conservation policy also became an eviction machine. Ogiek and other forest residents faced removal even when courts later recognized indigenous land rights. environment / politics ●●●●

2009 Northern Kenya carbon project is developed through NRT conservancies 2 cit. The Northern Kenya Rangelands Carbon Project begins development through Northern Rangelands Trust member conservancies, with technical and market links involving The Nature Conservancy, Soils for the Future and Native. The project turns communal pastoral rangeland into a soil-carbon asset: carbon is measured, verified and sold while land remains formally community land. This is the new conservation frontier, where the commodity is not only wildlife tourism but the carbon value of grazing rules. economy / environment / politics ●●●●

10 May 2009 John Nottingham supports Mau Mau veterans' compensation case 3 cit. As Mau Mau veterans pushed a compensation case against Britain, John Cato Nottingham, a former colonial district officer who had broken with the administration over abuses, publicly supported the claimants. He became a rare white Kenyan witness against the colonial system he had served. His role ties the camp evidence to the later legal reckoning and to the people who preserved the story before the archives were opened. culture / politics / society ●●●

6 April 2010 to 14 December 2010 Kyrgyz Revolution of 2010 wikidata 0 cit. no story revolution ●●●

8 April 2010 New START 0 cit. US-Russia treaty limiting each side to 1,550 deployed strategic warheads with verification and data exchanges. It is the last remaining bilateral nuclear arms control treaty between the two powers. diplomacy / politics / war ●●●

23 September 2010 Collapse of Blockbuster 0 cit. Video rental chain Blockbuster files for bankruptcy after failing to answer Netflix and streaming, having once passed on buying Netflix for 50 million dollars. It becomes the standard cautionary tale of digital disruption. economy / technology ●●

17 December 2010 to 2012 Arab Spring begins 0 cit. The self-immolation of Tunisian vendor Mohamed Bouazizi sparks protests that topple rulers in Tunisia, Egypt, and Libya. The uprisings raise hopes of democratic change but also lead to civil wars in Syria, Libya, and Yemen. politics / society ●●●●

c. June 2010 Stuxnet attack on Natanz 0 cit. A sophisticated computer worm, later attributed to the United States and Israel, is discovered after destroying centrifuges at Natanz. Stuxnet is the first known cyberweapon to cause physical damage to a nuclear program. technology / war ●●●

11 July 2010 Kampala World Cup bombings 0 cit. Al-Shabaab suicide bombers struck two venues where crowds were watching the football World Cup final in Kampala, killing 74 people. religion / war ●●

6 October 2010 Instagram founded 0 cit. Instagram launched in October 2010 as a mobile photo-sharing app and was bought by Facebook in 2012. Its image-driven feed made visual social media central to marketing and youth culture. culture / technology ●●●

4 January 2010 Opening of the Burj Khalifa 0 cit. Dubai opened the Burj Khalifa, the tallest building in the world, as a symbol of its transformation into a global hub. The tower capped a construction boom that made the city a center for tourism and finance. culture / economy / technology ●●●

2010 China becomes the world's second largest economy 0 cit. In 2010 China surpassed Japan to become the second largest economy after the United States. Decades of rapid growth had reshaped the global order. economy ●●●●

c. February 2010 Chelsea Manning leaks classified files to WikiLeaks 0 cit. US Army intelligence analyst Chelsea Manning passed hundreds of thousands of classified military and diplomatic documents to WikiLeaks. The material fueled the year's major WikiLeaks releases and led to Manning's arrest in May 2010. politics / war ●●●●●

5 April 2010 WikiLeaks publishes Collateral Murder 0 cit. WikiLeaks released classified US military video of a 2007 Apache helicopter attack in Baghdad that killed civilians and two Reuters staff. The footage drew global attention to the conduct of the Iraq War. politics / war ●●●●

25 July 2010 WikiLeaks publishes the Afghan War Logs 0 cit. WikiLeaks released about 75,000 classified US military reports on the war in Afghanistan, coordinated with several major newspapers. The documents detailed civilian deaths and previously unreported incidents. politics / war ●●●●

22 October 2010 WikiLeaks publishes the Iraq War Logs 0 cit. WikiLeaks released nearly 400,000 classified US Army field reports from the Iraq War, the largest leak of its kind at the time. The records documented civilian casualties, detainee abuse, and other incidents. politics / war ●●●●

28 November 2010 WikiLeaks begins Cablegate 0 cit. WikiLeaks and partner newspapers began publishing more than 250,000 US State Department diplomatic cables. The release strained relations between the United States and numerous governments. politics ●●●●●

16 December 2010 Basel III tightens capital and liquidity rules 0 cit. In response to the crisis, the Basel Committee agreed Basel III, which raised the quality and amount of required capital and added new rules on liquidity and leverage. Its later stages and national versions remain the subject of active debate. economy / politics ●●●●

2010 States adopt the Common Core standards 0 cit. The Common Core State Standards, released in 2010, set shared benchmarks for math and English across most U.S. states. They became a flashpoint in fights over who controls the curriculum. politics / society ●●

November 2010 to 2014 Federal Reserve expands QE2 and QE3 0 cit. The Fed launches further rounds of quantitative easing, ultimately quadrupling its balance sheet to over four trillion dollars before tapering the purchases in 2014. economy ●●●●

2 May 2010 The Greek debt crisis and the first bailout 0 cit. Greece received a large rescue from the IMF and its European partners in exchange for deep austerity. Bringing the Fund into a wealthy currency union was a break from its usual role and drew intense scrutiny. economy / politics ●●●●

2010 to 2018 Troika austerity in Greece 1 cit. The IMF, European Commission, and European Central Bank imposed successive austerity programs as Greece's economy shrank by roughly a quarter and unemployment soared. The scale of the downturn reignited the debate over whether harsh conditions help or harm. economy / politics ●●●●

2010 to 2016 The 2010 IMF quota reform 0 cit. Members agreed to shift voting shares toward China and other emerging economies to reflect their growing weight. Delayed for years by the US Congress, the reform took effect in 2016 but left the basic power structure intact. economy / politics ●●●

c. 2010 New Age enters the modern wellness industry 0 cit. Practices with New Age roots such as energy healing, chakras, mindfulness and manifestation have become a large part of the multibillion-dollar wellness industry. The spiritual origins are often stripped away and repackaged as lifestyle and self-care products. culture / economy ●●

4 June 2010 First flight of the Falcon 9 0 cit. SpaceX launched its larger Falcon 9 rocket for the first time. Later versions landed and flew again, sharply lowering the cost of reaching orbit. economy / technology ●●●●

c. 2010 Democratic backsliding becomes a global worry 0 cit. In several established and new democracies, elected leaders weakened courts, media, and election rules to entrench their power. Scholars began warning of a slow erosion of democracy from within. politics / society ●●●●

2010 The US adopts the Common Core standards 0 cit. Most states adopted shared Common Core standards in maths and English to set common expectations across the country. The move drew both support for consistency and a political backlash over control. politics / society ●●●

22 March 2010 Google pulls its search engine out of China 0 cit. After announcing in January 2010 that it would stop censoring results, Google redirected its Chinese search service to Hong Kong in March 2010. The move followed a dispute over hacking and censorship demands. economy / technology ●●●●

c. 2010 VPNs become mass tools to bypass censorship 0 cit. Virtual private networks moved from corporate use to everyday circumvention, letting people reach blocked sites in censored countries. Governments responded by restricting or banning unauthorized VPNs. society / technology ●●●

2010 WikiLeaks and the Espionage Act charges 0 cit. WikiLeaks publishes classified US military and diplomatic files, and founder Julian Assange is later charged under the Espionage Act. The case becomes the central modern test of whether publishing state secrets is journalism or a crime. politics / society ●●●

2010 Common Core State Standards copyrighted ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The Common Core State Standards were copyrighted in 2010 by the National Governors Association Center for Best Practices and the Council of Chief State School Officers, both private organizations. ●●

2010 Bernanke returns to Jekyll Island for the Fed centennial ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The book notes Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke returned to Jekyll Island in 2010 to commemorate the Fed's founding a century earlier. It uses this to argue the meeting's reality is undeniable yet still little known. ●●

2010 on December 17, when pro-democracy protesters took to the streets, occupie candidate ai_extracted 1 cit. no story on December 17, 2010, when pro-democracy protesters took to the streets, occupied the squares, and overthrew the government ●●

2010 and 2017 and projected to hit $10 billion by 2020 and $18 billion by 2025 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story 2010 and 2017 and projected to hit $10 billion by 2020 and $18 billion by 2025 ●●

2010 levels and hit zero by 2050, according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Cl rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story 2010 levels and hit zero by 2050, according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the United Nations body for assessing climate science ●●

2010 the government created a “one-in, one-out rule,” later replacing that with rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story 2010 the government created a “one-in, one-out rule,” later replacing that with a “one-in, two-out rule” and then a “one-in, three-out rule ●●

2010 Mitch Horowitz discovers Reagan's connection to Manly Hall rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Mitch Horowitz, while on a radio show in New Orleans, learned that Ronald Reagan had believed in secret masters of wisdom directing American history. He tracked down Reagan's essay in Parade magazine from 1981 and discovered it contained ideas and phraseology directly from Manly P. Hall's writings. ●●

2010 2010: Ed Roberts (1941–2010). rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Ed Roberts (1941–2010). Altair on the cover, January 1975. ●●

2010 2010: Larry Brilliant (1944– ) and Stewart Brand on Brand’s houseb... rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Larry Brilliant (1944– ) and Stewart Brand on Brand’s houseboat in 2010. William von Meister (1942–1995). Steve Case (1958– ). ●●

2010 2010: Sources for this section include author’s interviews with No... rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story r previous book), and Steve Wozniak; Tristan Donovan, Replay: The Story of Video Games (Yellow Ant, 2010; locations refer to the Kindle edition); Steven Kent, The Ultimate History of Video Games: From ●●

2010 2010: tional until computers became truly personal. I . By 2010, federal spe rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story tional until computers became truly personal. I . By 2010, federal spending on research had dropped to half of what was spent by private industry. II ●●

2010 2010: Ed Roberts (1941–2010). Altair on the cover, January 1975. rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Ed Roberts (1941–2010). Altair on the cover, January 1975. ●●

2010 2010: Larry Brilliant (1944– ) and Stewart Brand on Brand’s houseboat in 201 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Larry Brilliant (1944– ) and Stewart Brand on Brand’s houseboat in 2010. William von Meister (1942–1995). Steve Case (19 ●●

2010 2010: 11. Sources for this section include author’s interviews with Nolan Bu rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story 11. Sources for this section include author’s interviews with Nolan Bushnell, Al Alcorn, Steve Jobs (for previous book), and Steve Wozniak; Tristan Do ●●

2010 Event of 2010 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story eviations from the true faith and because jihadists have a duty to transform dar al-harb, the world of unbelievers. Purity, not stability, is the guiding principle of this conception of world order. THE ARAB SPRING AND THE SYRIAN CATACLYSM For a flee ●●

2010 Information history in 2010 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story h an honorable history. I barely twitter myself, but even this odd medium, microblogging so quirky and confined, has its uses and its enchantment. ●●

2010 a computer with a billion transistors for the inflation-adju rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In 2010 you could buy a computer with a billion transistors for the inflation-adjusted cost of a transistor radio in 1956 ●●

2010 Greece and Italy, by contrast, have been known for high levels of clientelistic and corrupt governme rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Greece and Italy, by contrast, have been known for high levels of clientelistic and corrupt government, and both have had problematic public finances that erupted during the 2010 euro crisis. ●●

2010 European sovereign debt crisis ai_extracted 2 cit. no story These weaknesses were made painfully evident in the European debt crisis of 2010–2013. ●●

2010 Instead, the Orange Coalition wasted its energy on internal squabbling and shady deals, paving the w rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Instead, the Orange Coalition wasted its energy on internal squabbling and shady deals, paving the way for Yanukovich’s return in 2010 and the crisis following on his departure in 2014. ●●

2010 For a broader account of how politics affected banking regulation after the financial crisis, see Si rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story For a broader account of how politics affected banking regulation after the financial crisis, see Simon Johnson and James Kwak, 13 Bankers: The Wall Street Takeover and the Next Financial Meltdown (New York: Pantheon, 2010). ●●

2010 Peter Cunliffe-Jones, My Nigeria: Five Decades of Independence (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010), rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Peter Cunliffe-Jones, My Nigeria: Five Decades of Independence (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010), pp. ●●