Events, Verisoph

1929 The Colonial Office refuses to meet him 0 cit. The Secretary of State for the Colonies declined to receive Kenyatta or hear the KCA case in person. Shut out of official channels, he lodged near the West African Students' Union in west London and moved among students, radicals, and anti-colonial circles. The snub pushed him toward the press and the political left to make the Kikuyu case heard. diplomacy / politics ●●

c. 1929 The Intelligence Bureau watches Nehru and Congress 0 cit. The Raj's Intelligence Bureau monitored the Indian National Congress and its leaders, including Jawaharlal Nehru, filing reports on their speeches, contacts and travels. Congress figures were jailed repeatedly under colonial security powers. Nehru went from a watched agitator to independent India's first prime minister within two decades. politics / society ●●

1929 Lionel Robbins takes the chair of economics 0 cit. Lionel Robbins became professor of economics at the LSE in 1929, at the age of thirty. He built the department into a leading centre of economic theory and gathered around him a strong group of scholars. Robbins favoured free markets and became a key figure in the School's economics wars of the following decade. economy / science ●●

c. 1929 Rises within the Comintern in Moscow 0 cit. Padmore moved to Moscow and rose quickly in the communist apparatus, working in the Profintern's bureau for Black workers. For a time he sat on the Moscow city soviet, an unusual position for a colonial subject from the Caribbean. He became the movement's leading organizer of Black labor across the colonial world. politics / society ●●

1929 The Vatican discourages clergy from joining Rotary 0 cit. The Roman Curia issued an instruction advising Catholic clergy not to take part in Rotary, part of a wider Church wariness of Rotary from the 1920s onward. Church officials linked the clubs to Freemasonry and to a secular, relativist outlook they saw as a rival to Catholic teaching. The concern was strongest in Spain and parts of Latin America and Italy. politics / religion ●●

1929 Light's Golden Jubilee stages a tribute to Edison ai_extracted 1 cit. In 1929 Bernays organized Light's Golden Jubilee, a celebration of the fiftieth anniversary of Edison's light bulb featuring Thomas Edison and Henry Ford. Editor Mark Crispin Miller notes the event was in fact propaganda for General Electric and its National Electric Light Association. ●●

1929 Luxembourg exempts holding companies from tax 0 cit. A 1929 law let holding companies based in Luxembourg pay almost no tax on income from shares and assets held abroad. The rule drew a stream of corporate structures and helped build the country into a major finance hub. Under pressure from the European Union, Luxembourg finally abolished the special regime in 2010. economy / politics ●●

May 1929 Ford helps build the Soviet auto industry at Gorky 0 cit. The Ford Motor Company signed an agreement to help the Soviet Union build a huge automobile plant near Nizhny Novgorod, later Gorky, based on Ford's Model A designs and production methods. American engineers helped set it up and train workers. The GAZ works became the backbone of Soviet car and truck production. economy / technology ●●●

1929 Albert Kahn's firm designs hundreds of Soviet factories 0 cit. The Detroit industrial architect Albert Kahn, who had designed Ford's plants, took a contract to design factories across the Soviet Union during the first Five-Year Plan. His firm set up a design office in Moscow, trained Soviet staff, and produced plans for hundreds of industrial projects. It was one of the clearest single channels of Western industrial technology into Soviet industry. economy / technology ●●●●

1929 Magnitogorsk rises as a copy of an American steel city 0 cit. The giant steel complex at Magnitogorsk was planned with the American firm Arthur G. McKee and modeled closely on the United States Steel works at Gary, Indiana. Foreign engineers and specialists helped raise it from bare steppe. It became the model Soviet industrial city, built on imported design. economy / technology ●●●

1929 Standard Oil and IG Farben share synthetic-fuel patents 1 cit. Standard Oil of New Jersey and IG Farben struck agreements pooling patents and research on synthetic fuel and rubber. The ties continued into the late 1930s and drew sharp scrutiny in the United States during the war, when critics said they had slowed American synthetic-rubber development. The cooperation is documented in the companies' own records and later Senate hearings. economy / technology ●●●

c. 1929 Africans break away and found their own churches 0 cit. When the Church of Scotland Mission demanded members renounce female circumcision, tens of thousands of Kikuyu walked out, and the split hardened into independent churches and schools, the African Independent Pentecostal Church and the Kikuyu independent and Karing'a school movements. Across Kenya, mission rigidity and rivalry drove a wave of African-led churches asserting their own authority. politics / religion / society ●●●

1929 The 1929 female circumcision crisis 0 cit. In 1929 Protestant missionaries, led by the Church of Scotland Mission, demanded that converts renounce female circumcision. Many Kikuyu saw this as an attack on the initiation that made them a people, and thousands left the mission churches to found independent churches and schools. The clash hardened African resistance and fed the later nationalist movement. politics / religion / society ●●●

1929 The female circumcision crisis of 1929 0 cit. In 1929 Protestant missions, led by the Church of Scotland, demanded that their members renounce female circumcision, a central Kikuyu initiation rite. The demand split churches and schools and drove many Kikuyu to set up their own independent churches and schools. At its heart the clash was about who controlled women's bodies and Kikuyu custom, the missions or the community. It hardened anti-colonial feeling and fed the nationalism that followed. religion / society ●●

c. 1930 The Great Depression and the Fed's inaction ai_extracted 1 cit. During the Great Depression of the 1930s, the U.S. Federal Reserve failed for almost a decade to take the policies needed for recovery, watching as tens of thousands of banks went bankrupt with the savings of ordinary citizens. ●●●●

17 May 1930 Founding of the Bank for International Settlements 0 cit. The BIS opens in Basel, created to handle German war reparations under the Young Plan. It survived as the bank for central banks and the oldest international financial institution. diplomacy / economy ●●●

11 December 1930 Collapse of the Bank of United States 0 cit. A private New York bank with an official-sounding name and 400,000 depositors closes its doors, at the time the largest bank failure in American history. The collapse deepens public panic in the early Great Depression. economy ●●●

2 November 1930 Coronation of Haile Selassie and the birth of Rastafari 0 cit. Ras Tafari is crowned Emperor Haile Selassie I of Ethiopia. In Jamaica, preachers influenced by Marcus Garvey hail the coronation as the fulfillment of prophecy, and the Rastafari movement takes shape around his divinity. religion / society ●●●●

July 1930 Nation of Islam founded 0 cit. Wallace Fard Muhammad founds the Nation of Islam among Black migrants in Detroit, blending Islamic themes with Black nationalism. Under Elijah Muhammad it grows into a significant American religious movement. religion / society ●●

21 July 1930 Founding of the Veterans Administration 0 cit. Herbert Hoover's Executive Order 5398 consolidates the Veterans' Bureau, pension office, and soldiers' homes into a single Veterans Administration. It is elevated to the cabinet-level Department of Veterans Affairs in 1989. society / war ●●●

c. 1930 to c. 1950 The golden age of radio 0 cit. From roughly 1930 to 1950 radio networks delivered news, drama, comedy, and music to most American homes each evening. Radio became the first medium to reach a national audience simultaneously in real time. culture / society ●●●

12 March 1930 Gandhi's Salt March 0 cit. Gandhi led a march to the sea to make salt in defiance of the British monopoly. The campaign of nonviolent resistance drew worldwide attention to the movement for Indian independence. politics / society ●●●●

17 May 1930 Bank for International Settlements founded 0 cit. The Bank for International Settlements was established to handle German war reparations and to foster cooperation among central banks. It remains the main institution for coordination between the world's central banks. economy ●●●●

17 May 1930 The United States stays out officially while private banks join 0 cit. The Federal Reserve did not formally join the BIS because the Hoover administration opposed official involvement in reparations. American participation came instead through private banks led by J.P. Morgan and two large national banks. economy / politics ●●

17 May 1930 Basel base and legal immunities 0 cit. The BIS was based in Basel and given unusual legal protections under a host agreement with Switzerland. Its premises, assets, and archives are largely immune from Swiss jurisdiction, taxation, and search, which later drew both scholarly and conspiracy-minded attention. economy / politics / society ●●●

March 1930 Schacht resigns from the Reichsbank over the Young Plan 0 cit. Hjalmar Schacht quit as Reichsbank President in protest at the terms of the Young Plan reparations settlement. His departure moved him closer to nationalist politics and, in time, to the Nazi movement. economy / politics ●●

c. 1930 to c. 1933 American banking panics begin 0 cit. Waves of bank failures swept the United States from the fall of the Bank of United States in 1930 through 1933. The Federal Reserve largely failed to act as lender of last resort, deepening the collapse of money and credit. economy / society ●●●●

c. 1930 to c. 1933 The economic road from Depression to war 0 cit. The documented causal chain ran from the Depression to mass unemployment, the collapse of the Weimar centre, and the Nazi seizure of power. Scholars trace this to policy failures and gold-standard orthodoxy, not to bankers secretly engineering the World Wars for profit. economy / politics ●●●●

c. 1930 The USSR builds a universal state education system 0 cit. The Soviet Union made primary schooling universal and expanded technical and higher education under central planning. The model was exported to allied states across the world. politics / society ●●●

1930 Rhineland military occupation ended early (1930) ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The Allied military occupation of the Rhineland and bridgeheads was ended in 1930, five years ahead of schedule, which Quigley says made it possible for Hitler to remilitarize the zone. ●●

1930 Quigley: financial capitalism aimed to control the world's politics ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Quigley argues that the powers of financial capitalism aimed to create a world system of financial control in private hands, controlled by central banks acting in concert through the Bank for International Settlements. ●●

1930 US foreign lending masks economic maladjustment, 1920-1931 ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Quigley argues America's huge overseas lending, nearly ten billion dollars in 1920-1931, concealed the underlying maladjustments of the world economy. It let debtor nations buy American goods without shipping goods back. ●●

1930 Forced collectivization of Soviet agriculture ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Collectivization was pushed violently into full operation in 1930; in six weeks collective farms roughly doubled. Peasants who resisted were beaten, exiled, or killed. ●●

1930 Bruning becomes chancellor by decree ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In March 1930 the Center broke the coalition over unemployment benefits, the Socialists were expelled, and Heinrich Bruning became chancellor. Lacking a majority, he governed by presidential decree, ending the Weimar Republic in practice. ●●

1930 Deliberate destruction of goods to fight depression ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Quigley notes that the outright destruction of already-produced goods first appeared as a method of combating depression in 1930-1934, when coffee, sugar and bananas were destroyed, corn plowed under, and livestock slaughtered. ●●

1930 Quigley: J. P. Morgan and the 'American Establishment' ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Quigley asserts that from the 1880s to the 1930s American public life was dominated by a Wall Street group led by J. P. Morgan and Company: cosmopolitan, Anglophile, and Ivy League. ●●

1930 Protest against the 1930 Palestine White Paper ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Baldwin, Austen Chamberlain and Amery protested the anti-Zionist White Paper in a letter to The Times on 30 October 1930, and Smuts and Simon also objected. MacDonald then softened its interpretation. ●●

1930 Quigley: Round Table articles justify concessions to India (1930) ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Quigley says the Group's reasoning that trust breeds worthy conduct ran through The Round Table's India articles of September 1930 and March 1931, which urged giving Indians equal responsibility at the coming conference. ●●

1930 First session of the Round Table Conference (Nov 1930) ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The first session of the Indian Round Table Conference was called for November 1930. Quigley says it was an innovation for treating the Indian States and British India within one framework. ●●

1930 Rhineland evacuated five years early ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Allied troops left the Rhineland in 1930 rather than 1935, a concession Quigley ties to the Young Plan and to the Milner Group's revisionist aims. ●●

1930 Technocracy movement begins in the early 1930s ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Wood dates the origin of the Technocracy movement to the early 1930s. He argues it opposes core American institutions. ●●

1930 California eugenics sterilizations peak in the 1930s ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Wood notes that in California, where Technocracy, Inc. had its largest support, over 20,000 people were forcibly sterilized as 'defective' during the 1930s eugenics heyday. ●●

1930 Debut of the Dick and Jane pre-primer ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Gatto cites the original 1930 Dick and Jane pre-primer, which taught 68 sight words across 39 pages, marking the whole-word method's entry into mass schooling. ●●

1930 United States still had 144,102 local school boards in 1930 ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Gatto reports that in 1930 the nation still had 144,102 local school boards, part of his argument that citizen control of schooling was later consolidated away. ●●

1930 Watson claims he can train any infant, 1930 ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Gatto quotes John Watson's 1930 boast that, given a dozen healthy infants and his own world to raise them in, he could train any to become any type of specialist regardless of talent or ancestry. ●●

1930 White House Conference on Child Health and Protection, 1930 ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Gatto describes the 1930 White House Conference on Child Health and Protection, where twelve hundred experts focused on eliminating failure from schooling. ●●

1930 Mellon's “liquidate” doctrine ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Treasury Secretary Andrew Mellon refused to prop up the economy, arguing the best policy was to liquidate labor, stocks, farmers, and real estate. He believed the downturn should be allowed to purge the excesses of the boom. ●●

1930 Fed eases sharply after the crash ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Between November 1929 and June 1930 the Fed cut rates from 6 to 2.5 percent and injected roughly $500 million into the banking system, largely at Harrison's initiative. The Washington Board resisted the aggressive easing. ●●

1930 Eugene Meyer appointed to head the Fed ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In September 1930 Roy Young resigned as chairman of the Federal Reserve Board, and Hoover appointed the financier Eugene Meyer, who favored an activist, expansionary policy. Meyer soon found himself overwhelmed by the Board's dysfunction. ●●

1930 Norman's “I have instincts” testimony ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Testifying to the Macmillan Committee in early 1930, Montagu Norman proved a poor witness and, pressed for his reasons, replied that he had none, only instincts. The performance damaged his standing. ●●

1930 Central banks cut rates in unison ai_extracted 1 cit. no story By June 1930, with the pull of Wall Street gone, central banks eased together: U.S. rates hit a postwar low of 2.5 percent, the Bank of England 3.5, the Reichsbank 4.5, and the Banque de France 2.5. Money became freely available again. ●●

1930 Keynes publishes “The Great Slump of 1930” ai_extracted 2 cit. In December 1930 Keynes published “The Great Slump of 1930,” calling it one of the greatest economic catastrophes in modern history. He still hoped resolute central-bank action could restart the stalled economy. ●●

1930 Smoot-Hawley tariff imposed ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In June 1930 the United States raised import tariffs through the Smoot-Hawley Act, shrinking demand for European goods. With U.S. capital bottled up at home, Europe could only settle its debts in gold. ●●

1930 France's gold mountain ai_extracted 1 cit. no story By the end of 1930 the Banque de France had amassed over $2 billion in gold, three times the Bank of England's reserves, plus $1 billion in foreign deposits. Its hoarding starved the rest of the world of reserves. ●●

1930 Moreau resigns from the Banque de France ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In September 1930 Emile Moreau resigned as governor of the Banque de France, moving to private banking after presiding over the franc's recovery. His deputy Clement Moret succeeded him, keeping the same gold policy. ●●

1930 Run on the Bank of United States begins ai_extracted 1 cit. no story On December 10, 1930, a depositor's demand to sell back his stock sparked a run on the Bronx-based Bank of United States. Crowds gathered and police charged the mob as panic spread across its branches. ●●

1930 Collapse of Caldwell and Company ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In October 1930 a drought across the Midwest and South triggered the failure of the Tennessee investment bank Caldwell and Company. Its collapse brought down 120 banks across four southern states. ●●

1930 Schacht resigns from the Reichsbank ai_extracted 1 cit. no story On March 7, 1930, Schacht announced his resignation as Reichsbank president, declaring he would become a country squire and raise pigs. He left over his opposition to the Young Plan's revisions. ●●

1930 Nazis surge in the 1930 Reichstag elections ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In the September 1930 elections, called two years early amid the deepening depression, the Nazis won 6.4 million votes and 107 seats, vaulting into second place. The result panicked financial markets and drained German reserves. ●●

1930 Germany and Austria announce a customs union ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In March 1930 Germany and Austria announced plans for a customs union. France and the Czechs, fearing it was a step toward Anschluss, worked to block it, tangling the later banking crisis in politics. ●●

1930 ” —Albert Wiggin, chairman of Chase National Bank, January 13, 1930 THE 193... rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story ” —Albert Wiggin, chairman of Chase National Bank, January 13, 1930 THE 1930S BEGAN ON THE FALSE NOTE OF ECONOMIC SECURITY WITH WHICH the political-financial alliance had capped... ●●

1930 On May Day 1930, he declared to the nation, “We have now passed the worst a... rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story On May Day 1930, he declared to the nation, “We have now passed the worst and with continued unity of effort we shall rapidly recover.”3 His statement wound up foreshadowing a... ●●

1930 ITT buys majority of the Chile Telephone Company ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In 1930, when ITT was a cuttingedge telecommunications firm, it bought a majority share of the British-owned Chile Telephone Company, and with it cont (1930) ●●

1930 Soviet state forces collectivization on the peasantry ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Between early 1930 and 1934, the Soviet state conducted a massive campaign against rural peasants. Stalin dispatched twenty-five thousand Communist activists to force collectivization, resulting in unprecedented death tolls and social destruction. ●●

1930 Stalin's Destruction of Private Agriculture rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Stalin destroyed the private agricultural sector that had thrived in the 1920s through forced collectivization in 1930. Rural populations responded with determined resistance and rebellion. ●●

1930 Between 1930 and 1980, social transfers in Britain had risen from just 2. rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Between 1930 and 1980, social transfers in Britain had risen from just 2. ●●

1930 Grenfell, December 13 and 30, 1930 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story 14. MGR, Box 264, J. P. ●●

1930 Morgan rescues Kidder Peabody ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In 1930, Kidder Peabody faced multiple financial blows including a $8 million Italian government deposit withdrawal and instructions from the Bank for International Settlements to switch funds to Swiss banks, prompting a Morgan-coordinated rescue. ●●

1930 Morgan banks issue the Young Loan ai_extracted 2 cit. Morgan banks participated in the Young Loan of 1930, another major German reparations financing that would become problematic under Nazi default threats. ●●

1930 The newspaper horoscope is born 0 cit. After a British newspaper runs an astrological column on the birth of Princess Margaret, the sun-sign horoscope, one forecast for each of the twelve signs, becomes a fixture of the popular press. It made astrology a daily habit for millions. culture / society ●●●

1930 In October 1930, Max sailed to New York to discuss the... (1930) rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In October 1930, Max sailed to New York to discuss the elections and the economic crisis with his brothers. ●●

1930 In 1930, he told historian Alfred Vagts that a German war... (1930) rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In 1930, he told historian Alfred Vagts that a German war against Russia would solve internal German problems and crises.28 In the Warburg debate over Hitler’s future, Siegmund would later symbolize the pessimistic, far-sighted view of events. ●●

1930 1930 Economic rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Furthermore, a heavy proportion of the Japanese population remained in small-plot agriculture, and these groups suffered not only from rising rice imports from Taiwan and Korea, bu... ●●

1930 13. FW. B266 F11, letter from Max Warburg rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story 13. FW. B266 F11, letter from Max Warburg, September 21, 1930. ●●

1930 31. MMW Ka IV, letter from Siegmund to rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story 31. MMW Ka IV, letter from Siegmund to Karl Warburg, August 25, 1930. ●●

1930 Collectivization famines strike Ukraine and Kazakhstan ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The industrialization and collectivization drives of the early and mid-1930s generated massive famines and millions of deaths in Ukraine and Kazakhstan. ●●

1930 Germans obsessed with lebensraum in 1930s rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In the 1930s German obsession shifts from visual encirclement concern to claustrophobia from radio implosion compressing space ●●

1930 Consistent with Martin Klaproth’s inspiration in 1789 to link his discovery of a rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Consistent with Martin Klaproth’s inspiration in 1789 to link his discovery of a new element with the recent discovery of the planet Uranus and with McMillan’s suggestion to extend the scheme to Neptune, Seaborg would name element 94 for Pluto, the ninth planet outward from the sun, discovered in 1930 and named for the Greek god of the underworld, a god of the earth’s fertility but also the god of the dead: plutonium. ●●

1930 to organize a group of acquaintances, most of them young physicists, to begin the work of banding to rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story to organize a group of acquaintances, most of them young physicists, to begin the work of banding together. ●●

1930 and named for the Greek god of the underworld, a god of the earth’s fertility but also the god of th rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story and named for the Greek god of the underworld, a god of the earth’s fertility but also the god of the dead: plutonium. ●●

1930 1930: effect could influence current in a semiconductor. But in their resear rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story effect could influence current in a semiconductor. But in their research the lawyers discovered that a patent had been granted in 1930 to a little-kno ●●

1930 Information history in 1930 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story e system, as opposed to the book. In PM, mathematics had been contained—a ship in a bottle, no longer buffeted and turned by the vast unruly seas. ●●

1930 on.”44 A statistical approach to otherwise intractable physi rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story “It will be possible to answer most questions of this type by performing the actual statistical experiment: by computing hundreds or thousands of spec ●●

1930 Einstein abandons his unified field theory ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Within a year of his 1929 announcement, Einstein abandoned his unified field theory after Wolfgang Pauli and other physicists criticized it. Over the next decade he would attempt multiple revised versions, each similarly unsuccessful. ●●

1930 Event of 1930 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story When Pius XI condemned Mal- thusianism and eugenics in 1930, insisting that the patriarchal family was more sacred than the state, he, like every pope ●●

1930 sh of 1929. As breadlines stretched across American rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story sh of 1929. As breadlines stretched across American cities, the economic crisis also crippled the German economy.56 German eugenicists needed all the financial assistance they could get. In August of 1930, Germany’s Archiv for Rassen- und Gesellschaftsbiologie ran a tribute to Ploetz on his seventie ●●

1930 s Archiv for Rassen- und Gesellschaftsbiologie ran a rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story s Archiv for Rassen- und Gesellschaftsbiologie ran a tribute to Ploetz on his seventieth birthday. Among those extending kudos were Davenport and Popenoe on behalf of the United States. In October of 1930, Eugenical News called the edition “a worthy tribute of esteem and affection for the genial and ●●

1930 and his indefatigable propaganda activity in America, there rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story and his indefatigable propaganda activity in America, there exist, since the end of the twenties, in several states of America, sterilization laws and we can report about 15,000 sterilizations until 1930, mainly in California. Professor Laughlin is one of the most important pioneers on the field of ●●

1930 epared a crestfallen lead story for the September rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story epared a crestfallen lead story for the September 1946 edition of Eugenical News. His confession-like epistle, “Eugenics and Modem Life: Retrospect and Prospect,” admitted everything. “The ten years, 1930 to 1940 marked a major change in eugenic thinking,” Osborn began. “Before 1930, eugenics had a ●●

1930 s. His confession-like epistle, “Eugenics and Modem Life: rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story s. His confession-like epistle, “Eugenics and Modem Life: Retrospect and Prospect,” admitted everything. “The ten years, 1930 to 1940 marked a major change in eugenic thinking,” Osborn began. “Before 1930, eugenics had a racial and social class bias. This attitude on the part of eugenists was not ba ●●

1930 . 303, footnote 10. Copperplate prepared for Biometrika, rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story . 303, footnote 10. Copperplate prepared for Biometrika, circa 1888, at www.mugu.com. 25. Karl Pearson, The Life, Letters, and Labours of Francis Galton (Cambridge: Cambridge at the University Press, 1930), Vol. I, p. 232 . Galton, Memories of my Life, p. 315. 26. Pearson, Vol. II, p. 340. 27. Galto ●●

1930 .: National Academy of Science, 1921. Yerkes, Robert rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story .: National Academy of Science, 1921. Yerkes, Robert M. “Autobiography of Robert Mearns Yerkes.” in Carl Murchison, ed., History of Psychology in Autobiography. Worcester, MA: Clark University Press, 1930. Zangwill, Israel. “The Melting Pot: Drama in Four Acts.” New York: The Macmillan Company, 1909 ●●

1930 Argentina's 'infamous decade' follows 1930 coup ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The period following the 1930 coup is known in Argentina as the “infamous decade,” in which a series of military men turned politicians tried to rule the country through electoral fraud, repression, and outright illegality. ●●

1930 Those conservative parties that failed to adapt to these new conditions of electoral politics were t rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Those conservative parties that failed to adapt to these new conditions of electoral politics were tempted to resort to nondemocratic methods for preserving their power, like the Argentine coup of 1930 (see chapter 18 above). ●●

1930 On the conference, see “Preliminary Conference on a Popula- tion Association for the United State... rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story On the conference, see “Preliminary Conference on a Popula- tion Association for the United States,” December 15, 1930; “Second Conference of the Population Association of America,” May 7, 1931; To... ●●

1930 Stalin purges the Soviet officer corps ai_extracted 1 cit. no story This control was cemented in the bloody purges of the 1930s, when a quarter to a half of the officer corps were purged by Stalin. ●●

1930 The constitution adopted by the Federal Republic of Germany in 1949 differed in significant ways fro rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The constitution adopted by the Federal Republic of Germany in 1949 differed in significant ways from the constitution of the Weimar Republic, precisely because Germans had learned from the failure of democracy during the 1930s. ●●

1930 Democratic political systems have faced such crises in the past, notably during the 1930s when they rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Democratic political systems have faced such crises in the past, notably during the 1930s when they fell into economic depression and were challenged by alternative fascist and communist competitors, or again in the 1960s and ’70s, when they were des ●●

1930 Japan’s Quest for Autonomy: National Security and Foreign Policy, 1930–1938 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Japan’s Quest for Autonomy: National Security and Foreign Policy, 1930–1938. ●●

1930 Board of Education and, 471–72; franchise and, 140, 414, 419–20, 422 agrarian societies, 187, 188, rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Board of Education and, 471–72; franchise and, 140, 414, 419–20, 422 agrarian societies, 187, 188, 259, 410, 416, 447, 527–29; shift to industrial societies from, 47, 101, 131, 150, 188–89, 436–37 Aitken, James, 175 Akita, George, 343–44, 352 Ala ●●