Events, Verisoph

1898 United States adopts a bankruptcy law ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Although the 1787 Constitution charged the new US government with creating a bankruptcy law, attempts were repeatedly rejected on moral grounds. A lasting law was not adopted until 1898. ●●

1898 Year 1898: As a young soldier in 1898, he had charged the Der rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story As a young soldier in 1898, he had charged the Dervish lines at the decisive Battle of Omdurman that secured Sudan as a British colony. During World War I, he helped conceive the i... ●●

1898 US defeats Spanish forces at Manila ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The American military's quick defeat of Spanish forces in Manila in 1898 quickly proved deceptive. ●●

1898 Lueger Christian Socials showcase German and Christian art rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Lueger Christian Socials showcase German and Christian art ●●

1898 Roosevelt called his critics “futile sentimentalists of the interna... rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Roosevelt called his critics “futile sentimentalists of the international arbitration type” who exhibited “a flabby type of character which eats away (1898) ●●

1898 The standard Lloyd’s policy had in fact already been modified (in 1898) to exclude ‘the candidate ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The standard Lloyd’s policy had in fact already been modified (in 1898) to exclude ‘the consequences of hostilities or warlike operations’ (the so-called f. ●●

1898 ’ (implying that it really should be) as long ago as 1898. rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story ’ (implying that it really should be) as long ago as 1898. ●●

1898 In 1898, a friend, architect William West Durant, defaulted rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In 1898, a friend, architect William West Durant, defaulted on a loan and signed over the rustic camp as payment. Deep in the woods, Camp Uncas crouched beneath wooded cliffs that were thick with ever... ●●

1898 In 1898, over his heated protest, the navy conscripted Corsa rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In 1898, over his heated protest, the navy conscripted Corsair II for use in the Spanish-American War. The Morgans had opposed the war, and Jack (later labeled a warmonger for his role in World War I)... ●●

1898 As Jack told his mother of one 1898 ocean voyage, “JPM has b rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story As Jack told his mother of one 1898 ocean voyage, “JPM has been so worried and bothered by the number of things on his mind and this annoyance of war rumor that it will be a great thing for him to hav... ●●

1898 When Jack arrived in 1898, his father gave him and his wife, rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story When Jack arrived in 1898, his father gave him and his wife, Jessie, the use of 13 Princes Gate. Pierpont added 14 Princes Gate to the property and joined the two townhouses. ●●

1898 US troops sent to Cuba against Spanish rule ai_extracted 1 cit. no story President William McKinley dispatches American troops to Cuba to help local rebels overthrow Spanish colonial authority. The rebellion succeeds, beginning US domination of Cuba. ●●

1898 Archbold puts Senator Foraker on Standard Oil's payroll ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The first documented instance of Archbold suborning an official occurred in 1898, during Frank Monnett’s suit against Standard of Ohio, when Archbold placed Senator Joseph B. Foraker of Ohio on the payroll. ●●

1898 Another favorite recipient of Standard Oil largesse was candidate ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Another favorite recipient of Standard Oil largesse was Senator Matthew Quay of Pennsylvania, who received $42,500 between 1898 and 1902. ●●

1898 Oil Industry Development rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story (The trust’s share of American crude production peaked at 33 percent in 1898.) By narrowing the range of competition in oil production, the move hastened the day of political reckoning for Standard... ●●

1898 Letter from Nina to Jim rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Letter from Nina to Jim Loeb—April 16, 1898. 24. ●●

1898 Olga Warburg marries Paul Kohn-Speyer ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Olga Warburg married Paul Kohn-Speyer in a Hamburg wedding. The marriage to the stern, humorless metal trader would prove deeply unhappy. ●●

1898 1898, France and Great Britain had been on the ver... rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In 1898, France and Great Britain had been on the verge of war over Egypt. ●●

1898 when Rutherford first turned his attention to the phenomenon Henri Becquerel found and which Marie C rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story when Rutherford first turned his attention to the phenomenon Henri Becquerel found and which Marie Curie named radioactivity, and 1911, when he made the most important discovery of his life, the young New Zealand physicist systematically dissected th ●●

1898 ics, especially illnesses. This research can take two rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story ics, especially illnesses. This research can take two paths: 1. Testing of all twins in a specific geographic area, done at our institute by Miss Liebmann. All twins in the Frankfurt district back to 1898 have been listed and almost all have been examined; she discussed some interesting cases in sev ●●

1898 That company, formed in 1898, was a merger of three regional consolidations—New candidate ai_extracted 1 cit. no story That company, formed in 1898, was a merger of three regional consolidations—New York Biscuit, American Biscuit and Manufacturing, and the United State ●●

1898 The first year that the company was listed at 111 Fifth Avenue was 1898 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The first year that the company was listed at 111 Fifth Avenue was 1898 ●●

1898 Only after the financial and administrative reorganization of the company in 189... candidate ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Only after the financial and administrative reorganization of the company in 1898, when it became the American Linseed Company, did it begin to achieve financial success ●●

1898 It first centralized the administration of its productive facilities, and then i... rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story It first centralized the administration of its productive facilities, and then in 1898 purchased two leading liquor wholesalers ●●

1898 As indicated by Poor’s “List of Officers Operating Railroads” in the Manual of R... rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story As indicated by Poor’s “List of Officers Operating Railroads” in the Manual of Railroads for the United States for 1898, the Erie, the Reading, the Chesapeake & Ohio and the Southern all had a centralized form of organization ●●

15 February 1898 USS Maine Explosion unproven 1 cit. The battleship USS Maine exploded and sank in Havana harbor, killing 266 sailors, and American newspapers immediately blamed a Spanish mine, helping push the United States into the Spanish-American War. Later technical investigations, including a 1976 U.S. Navy study, concluded the explosion most likely resulted from an internal coal-bunker fire igniting the ship's magazines, not external sabotage. Claims that the U.S. government itself staged the explosion as a pretext for war are a persistent but unproven conspiracy theory, not supported by the physical evidence. diplomacy / war ●●

1898 The man-eaters of Tsavo contested 3 cit. During construction of the Tsavo River bridge, two maneless male lions preyed on railway workers over several months, halting work and terrifying the camps until engineer J.H. Patterson shot them. Patterson later claimed the lions killed 135 people, but studies of the lions' remains and bone chemistry suggest a toll closer to 35, so the true number is contested. The episode became one of the most famous stories of the colonial railway. society ●

1899 The Boer War, 1899-1902 ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Quigley calls the Boer War of 1899-1902 one of the most important events in British imperial history; the Boers' resistance shook faith in British power. ●●

1899 Smuts drafts the ultimatum that begins the Boer War ai_extracted 1 cit. no story At the 1899 Bloemfontein Conference Smuts urged Kruger toward concessions to Milner. Yet Quigley notes it was Smuts who drafted the 9 October ultimatum that led to the outbreak of war. ●●

1899 William James addresses Harvard's new teachers on Chautauqua ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Gatto recounts that in 1899 William James spoke to a new brigade of teachers recruited by Harvard, telling them of the dream that the whole planet might be turned into a vast Chautauqua. ●●

1899 William Z. Ripley publishes The Races of Europe, 1899 ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Gatto describes William Z. Ripley's 1899 MIT book The Races of Europe, which divided Europeans into three races and armed the racial-suicide movement. ●●

1899 William H. Baldwin's speech at Capon Springs ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Gatto quotes railroad president William H. Baldwin, who in 1899 told the Capon Springs Conference on Southern Education that it was a crime to educate a Negro for positions not open to him. Gatto presents it as a blunt statement of schooling's political use. ●●

1899 John Hay declares the Open Door Policy in China ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In 1899, Secretary of State John Hay had declared an “open door” policy toward China that was supposed to guarantee unrestricted foreign access. Under Taft, however, the open door was converted into a... ●●

1899 US reaches peak number of state and national banks rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story By 1899 there were fewer than 12,000 state and national banks in the US, at the beginning of an era of rapid growth in banking. ●●

1899 Where the trust had pumped 32 percent of rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Where the trust had pumped 32 percent of American crude oil in 1899, its share had slumped to 14 percent by 1911. Even Standard’s historic strength in refining dipped from an 86 percent market share to 70 percent in the five years before the breakup. ●●

1899 Courts rule Ida Alice Flagler insane ai_extracted 1 cit. no story After the courts ruled Ida Alice Flagler insane in 1899, Henry set up a trust fund for her, stocked with $2 million in Standard Oil shares, which would appreciate to more than $15 million by her de... ●●

1899 Standard Oil Production Committee Formed rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story With Archbold at the helm, by contrast, the dividends surged, jumping to 31 percent in 1896 and 33 percent in 1897 and 1899. ●●

1899 Chamberlain proposes a Teutonic alliance ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In a major speech in November 1899, Chamberlain called for a “Teutonic” alliance, consisting of Great Britain, Germany, and the United ●●

1899 Indeed, as the twentieth century wore on, the Afrikaners turned their military rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Indeed, as the twentieth century wore on, the Afrikaners turned their military defeat by the British in the second Boer War (1899-1902) into a gradual rebuilding of Afrikaner ascendancy, removing what political rights had existed for non-whites in so ●●

1899 Harry Sharp performs first coerced vasectomy on a prisoner ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In October 1899, Dr. Harry Sharp of the Indiana Reformatory became the first person in the world to impose vasectomy on a person in custody, operating on a nineteen-year-old prisoner. This marked the beginning of forced sterilization in America. ●●

1899 In 1899 it purchased a leading Japanese producer, and two years later it bought rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In 1899 it purchased a leading Japanese producer, and two years later it bought manufacturing companies in Germany and Britain ●●

1899 Standard Oil of New Jersey holding company formed ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The holding company, the Standard Oil Company (New Jersey), that legally took its place was not formed until 1899 ●●

1899 48 In 1899 his firm, the Boston Fruit Company, became the core enterprise in the... rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story 48 In 1899 his firm, the Boston Fruit Company, became the core enterprise in the United Fruit Company, which, in addition to its distribution system, came to own a fleet of refrigerated steamers and a vast acreage of plantations in the Caribbean region ●●

11 October 1899 to May 1902 Second Boer War and concentration camps 1 cit. Britain fought the Boer republics of the Transvaal and Orange Free State for control of South Africa's territory and gold and diamond wealth. British forces herded Boer and Black African civilians into concentration camps as part of a scorched-earth strategy, where disease and malnutrition killed an estimated 26,000 Boer women and children and at least 14,000 Black Africans. The term concentration camp entered wide use because of this war. society / war ●●●

30 May 1899 Uganda Railway reaches Nairobi 6 cit. The Uganda Railway construction line from Mombasa reached the site that became Nairobi on 30 May 1899. Railway headquarters moved from Mombasa to Nairobi two months later, turning a supply depot into a colonial administrative town. Among the railway's British engineers and officials were several Freemasons, who would soon organize the territory's first lodge. economy / technology ●●

1899 Fiat founded in Turin ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The Italian motor company Fiat was founded in Turin and grew within sixty-three years into the second-largest motor manufacturer in Europe, part of the financial web Nkrumah traces into African investment. ●●

1899 Bavaria opens a central register of the Roma 1 cit. Bavaria set up a special police office in Munich to track and register Roma, gathering names, photographs, and fingerprints. Run for years by the official Alfred Dillmann, it treated the Roma as a standing security problem to be catalogued. The files and methods it built up were later available to the Nazi state. politics / society ●●

1899 Nairobi founded as a railway depot 6 cit. The railway reached a swampy plain the Maasai called Enkare Nyrobi, cool water, and engineers made it a depot and supply yard before pushing on toward the Rift Valley escarpment. The camp grew into the colonial capital and, later, the capital of independent Kenya. Its origin as a railhead, rather than an older African or Swahili town, shaped its segregated colonial layout. economy / society ●●

c. 1900 United States overtakes Britain economically ai_extracted 1 cit. Growing rapidly without a central bank, the United States had just about overtaken Britain, then the world's leading economic power, by 1900. ●●●

c. 1900 Indirect rule in colonial Africa 1 cit. Frederick Lugard developed indirect rule, governing colonies cheaply through existing or invented chiefs under British oversight. The system entrenched ethnic authorities and shaped African politics long after independence. politics / society ●●●

1900 Yamagata excludes Ito, forms second cabinet (1900) ai_extracted 1 cit. no story By 1900 Yamagata won a decisive victory over Ito and formed a second Cabinet from which the Ito group was completely excluded, and he made the army and navy ministries require active officers. ●●

1900 Eastern Establishment dominates both U.S. parties since 1900 ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Quigley asserts that a semi-aristocratic Eastern Establishment had been the dominant element in both American parties since 1900, practicing the political techniques of William C. Whitney and J. P. Morgan. ●●

1900 Rhodes urges Milner to keep their intimacy hidden ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Quigley says Milner needed an intermediary because he thought it politic to hide his closeness to Rhodes. He quotes Rhodes recalling on 10 April 1900 Milner's line that the less they were seen together the better. ●●

1900 Federation of the Australian colonies takes effect ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Brand's father, as Governor of New South Wales, was among the instigators of Australian federation. The federation of the Australian colonies came into effect in 1900. ●●

1900 Bionomics taught at Indiana University ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Gatto reports that by 1900 Indiana University offered a course called Bionomics, created and taught by president David Starr Jordan, dealing with producing a new evolutionary ruling class. ●●

1900 Thomas Davidson publishes 'History of Education' ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Gatto highlights Thomas Davidson's 1900 History of Education, the most talked-about education book of its year. He notes Davidson was also the first president of the Fabian Society and presented education as the highest form of evolution. ●●

1900 Capitalist development indeed produced the "great divergence," led rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Capitalist development indeed produced the "great divergence," led by Great Britain, between the economic power of societies in western Europe and els... ●●

1900 In 1900, with the dowager empress Cixi favoring candidate ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In 1900, with the dowager empress Cixi favoring war against foreigners and the military and admiriistration hesitant and inef fectual in containing th... ●●

1900 Japan joins the suppression of the Boxer Rebellion ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Japan was conciliatory to ward its rival empires and j oined them in 1900 in putting down the Boxer Rebellion in China. ●●

1900 First Pan-African Conference meets in London ai_extracted 1 cit. Racializing ideologies were also challenged on the empires' global scale when, for instance, the first pan-African Conference met in London in 1900, b... ●●

1900 The covert coups of the Cold War era were carried rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The covert coups of the Cold War era were carried out quite differently from the invasions and stagemanaged revolutions that the United States used in (1900) ●●

1900 The most shocking death was Coster’s, in March 1900, at age rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The most shocking death was Coster’s, in March 1900, at age forty-eight. He contracted flu or pneumonia and died within a week. ●●

1900 Mixing sympathy with outrage, the New York Times charged tha rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Mixing sympathy with outrage, the New York Times charged that the tasks piled upon Coster had grown “far heavier than any one man ought to bear, or could bear with safety.” Naming Morgan partners who ... ●●

1900 Generous contributions by Morgan and other bankers to the ca rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Generous contributions by Morgan and other bankers to the campaign of William McKinley—23 Wall Street was hung with banners in his support—were thought instrumental in persuading him to champion the g... ●●

1900 Sir Clinton Dawkins called the chancellor, Hicks-Beach, “not rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Sir Clinton Dawkins called the chancellor, Hicks-Beach, “notoriously stupid and most unbusinesslike.”13 The Boer War financing of 1900 had disquieting effects in the City. ●●

1900 In 1900, he signed up as a partner Sir Clinton E rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In 1900, he signed up as a partner Sir Clinton E. Dawkins, a distinguished civil servant who had just completed a tour of duty in Egypt and was about to become a finance minister in India. ●●

1900 They wanted to avenge a 10-percent wage increase granted the rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story They wanted to avenge a 10-percent wage increase granted the miners in 1900—a deal that Pierpont had helped to broker—and reacted to the strikers with feudal ferocity. By the fall of 1902, schools wer... ●●

1900 JPMJ, Box 6, Folder 3, letter to Frances Tracy Morgan, January 2, 1900 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story 45. Winkler, Morgan the Magnificent, p. 284. ●●

1900 Rockefeller regarded his fortune as a public trust rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Rockefeller regarded his fortune as a public trust, not as a private indulgence, and the pressure to dispose of it grew imperative in the early 1900s as his Standard Oil stock and other investments appreciated fantastically. ●●

1900 Rockefellers rebuild the Spelman Seminary campus ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In 1900, the Rockefeller family had virtually made over the Spelman campus, paying for a new hospital, two dormitories, a dining hall and kitchen, a power plant, and a residence for the school president. ●●

1900 After he took over the class from Charles rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story After he took over the class from Charles Evans Hughes in 1900, the number of young men in attendance at once quadrupled from 50 to 200 and ultimately reached 500, including many bookkeepers, clerks, salesmen, and students. ●●

1900 With Archbold at the helm, returns soared from rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story With Archbold at the helm, returns soared from 21 to 27 percent between 1900 and 1906. This might have been smart business but it was very poor politics: The trust was booking record profits just when it could least afford to enrage public opinion. ●●

1900 Oil Industry Development rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story By 1892, Gates joyously proclaimed to Rockefeller, “Our denomination has a larger, better distributed, better organized, and more efficient educational property than any other denomination in Ameri... ●●

1900 Rockefeller and Carnegie Philanthropy candidate ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Morgan decided to create a steel trust in late 1900, he knew he would have to tangle with two men who were confirmed cynics about Wall Street: Carnegie, master of the steel mills, and Rockefeller, ... ●●

1900 Standard Oil Asset Acquisition rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story By 1900, Rockefeller had acquired 1,600 acres and eventually the Pocantico Hills estate expanded to 3,000 acres, threaded by dozens of miles of winding roads and bridle paths. Rockefeller could tol... ●●

1900 Rothschild New Year Celebration at Mentmore rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story A New Year's Eve gathering at Mentmore brings together leading Liberals and Conservatives to celebrate the Rothschild family. Rosebery's emotional toast moves Natty to tears. ●●

1900 leaped into the first rank of world banking, rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story leaped into the first rank of world banking, its balance sheet expanding from assets of 46 million marks in 1900, to 127 million marks in 1914. ●●

1900 Viewed solely in terms of political culture and rhetoric aro rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Viewed solely in terms of political culture and rhetoric around 1900, this is a hard claim to detect: Russian and Austrian anti-Semitism was at least as strong as German, French chauvinism as marked a ●●

1900 The empire also underwent much industrialization in these de rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The empire also underwent much industrialization in these decades, though the pace of change was perhaps swifter before 1900 than after. Its coal production by 1914 was a respectable 47 million tons, ●●

1900 As the international tensions built up in the decade or so a rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story As the international tensions built up in the decade or so after 1900, the Austro-Hungarian Empire’s strategical position appeared parlous indeed. Its internal divisions threatened to split the countr ●●

1900 Despite the Triple Alliance, the tensions with Italy became rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Despite the Triple Alliance, the tensions with Italy became greater after 1900, and on several occasions Conrad advocated a military blow against this southern neighbor; even if his proposal was firml ●●

1900 Between 1871 and 1900, France had added 3 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Between 1871 and 1900, France had added 3.5 million square miles to its existing colonial territories, and it possessed indisputably the largest overseas empire after Britain’s. Although the commerce ●●

1900 As the twentieth century approached, therefore, the pace rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Although the major development of the fifty years after 1900 can thus be seen as the coming of a bipolar world, with its consequent crisis for the “middle” Powers (as referred in the titles of Chapter ●●

1900 1900 Economic rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story in 1900 = 100) 472.6 178.4 Because of the “lag time” between turning this economic potential into military effectiveness, the immediate consequences of the American entry into the... ●●

1900 1900 European rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Despite superficial fascist indoctrination, nothing in Italian society and political culture had altered between 1900 and 1930 to make the army a more attractive career to talented... ●●

1900 1900 Diplomatic Agreement rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The coalitions which Britain had woven together to counter Napoleon, the successful ententes and rapprochements which had been effected in the years after 1900, could no longer be ... ●●

1900 1900 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In the Social Darwinistic and imperialistic atmosphere that had prevailed around 1900, it was easy to think that all power was being concentrated in fewer and fewer capitals of the... ●●

1900 Eight-Nation Alliance invades China ai_extracted 1 cit. no story International military force loots Beijing and other Chinese cities, further cementing sense of national victimhood. ●●

1900 hat what should have mattered to them most was Bri... candidate ai_extracted 1 cit. no story hat what should have mattered to them most was British neutrality in a Continental war. In October 1900, Salisbury’s poor health forced him to give up ●●

1900 1900, that figure had declined to 9.7 percent. rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story By 1900, that figure had declined to 9.7 percent. ●●

1900 Rutherford discovers thorium radioactive emanation ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Rutherford reported the discovery of a radioactive gas emanating from the radioactive element thorium. ●●

1900 1900: Howard Aiken (1900–1973) at Harvard in 1945. John Mauchly (1907–80) ci rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Howard Aiken (1900–1973) at Harvard in 1945. John Mauchly (1907–80) circa 1945. J. Presper E ●●

1900 Event of 1900 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story With no trace of self-consciousness, he presented the war that had established America as a great power in two oceans as a uniquely unselfish mission. “The American flag has not been planted in foreign soil to acquire more territory,” he explained in ●●

1900 Summer vacation in Melchtal rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Einstein arrived at end of July 1900 for family vacation in Melchtal, Swiss Alps, carrying physics books including Kirchhoff. Family tensions arose regarding his relationship with Mileva Mari. ●●

1900 Weber refuses to hire Einstein at Zurich Polytechnic ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Einstein attempted to get a position as assistant to a professor at the Zurich Polytechnic in August 1900, but Professor Weber refused to hire him due to his impudence. He remained unemployed. ●●

1900 Foundations of Constitutional Government in Modern Japan, 1868–1900 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Foundations of Constitutional Government in Modern Japan, 1868–1900. ●●

1900 —Democratic Party (U.S.) National Platform, rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story —Democratic Party (U.S.) National Platform, 1900 Following its bombing of Iraq in 1991, the United States wound up with military bases in Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, Oman and the United Arab Emirates ●●

1900 1900 - China - May rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story 1900 - China - May 24 to September 28: To protect foreign lives during the Boxer rising, particularly at Peking ●●

1900 Behind it was Taylor’s generosity of spirit: for instance, when his Mission rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Behind it was Taylor’s generosity of spirit: for instance, when his Mission suffered alongside others in the next great outburst of Chinese fury against foreigners, the Boxer Rebellion of 1900, he refused the compensation extorted from the imperial g ●●

1900 65 The Pope’s unhappy equivocations contrast with the conduct of a Catholic rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story 65 The Pope’s unhappy equivocations contrast with the conduct of a Catholic Church leader in an infinitely more dangerous personal situation: Andrei Sheptyts’kyi, Greek Catholic Metropolitan of Galician Ukraine since 1900, when it had been Habsburg t ●●