Events, Verisoph

1978 few scattered phrases embedded in his own highly unreliable paraphrases, unsubstantiated by any text rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story few scattered phrases embedded in his own highly unreliable paraphrases, unsubstantiated by any text. 2. Gareth Porter, “Who Lost Vietnam?” Inquiry, February 20, 1978; see references of chapter 5, note 119; also Noam Chomsky and Edward S. Herman, Po ●●

1978 Vietnam ousts Pol Pot from power ai_extracted 1 cit. no story We noted in chapter 7 that, after the Vietnamese had ousted Pol Pot in December 1978, although the United States and its allies had denounced Pol Pot as “another Hitler” committing “genocide,” they qu ●●

1978 Aggregate corporate and trade-association political advertising and gr... rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Aggregate corporate and trade-association political advertising and grass-roots outlays were estimated to have reached the billion-dollar-a-year level by 1978, and to have grown to $1.6 billion by 198 ●●

1978 This is a strong test of the model, as the number of civilians murdere... rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story This is a strong test of the model, as the number of civilians murdered between 1978 and 1985 may have approached 100,000, with a style of killing reminiscent of Pol Pot. ●●

1978 Event of 1978 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Between 1967 and 1978, forty-two countries made it easier to terminate pregnancies, such that by the end of the decade only 20 percent of the world’s ●●

1978 Ekman and Friesen publish Facial Action Coding System ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Paul Ekman and Wallace Friesen published the Facial Action Coding System breaking down facial muscle movements. ●●

1978 In China, the state collapsed and the tradition was severely disrupted during the revolutions, wars, rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In China, the state collapsed and the tradition was severely disrupted during the revolutions, wars, and occupations of the twentieth century, but it has been rebuilt by the Communist Party in a more modern form since 1978. ●●

1978 On the one hand, Deng Xiaoping asserted in 1978 that “democracy has to be institutionalized and writ rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story On the one hand, Deng Xiaoping asserted in 1978 that “democracy has to be institutionalized and written into law, so as to make sure that institutions and laws do not change whenever the leadership changes, or whenever the leaders change their views. ●●

1978 China scholar Kenneth Lieberthal notes that in the decades after 1978, the NPC has played a greater rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story China scholar Kenneth Lieberthal notes that in the decades after 1978, the NPC has played a greater role in policy deliberation and has passed “a remarkable corpus of formal law” in areas not regarded as inherently political by the party. ●●

1978 I would argue that the state that has emerged in China since the beginning of reforms in 1978 bears rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story I would argue that the state that has emerged in China since the beginning of reforms in 1978 bears more resemblance to this classical Chinese state than it does to the Maoist state that preceded it, or even to the Soviet state that the Chinese tried to copy. ●●

1978 China reintroduces civil service examinations ai_extracted 1 cit. no story China reintroduced a merit-based civil service examination system after the 1978 reforms. ●●

1978 Bali reaches 60 percent contraceptive use ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In February 1978, a triumphant cable arrived from Jakarta with the subject line “They Said It Couldn’t Be Done.” It reported that in Bali some 60 percent of eligible couples had started to use mode... ●●

1978 UNFPA and the IPPF adopted it with alacrity, and over a million women were injected by 1978. rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story UNFPA and the IPPF adopted it with alacrity, and over a million women were injected by 1978. ●●

1978 John D. Rockefeller III dies in car accident ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Rockefeller might have provided leadership, but he died in a car accident near his family estate in 1978. ●●

1978 On 25 May 1978 he declared that Cuba rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story On 25 May 1978 he declared that Cuba “obviously did nothing” to hold back the invasion ●●

1978 Five weeks earlier, all but five of them rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Five weeks earlier, all but five of them had been released by the government with a “good- ol’-boys” wave of the hand, b ●●

1978 Then the 292 Nicaragua 1978-1990 American big guns rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Then the 292 Nicaragua 1978-1990 American big guns began to arrive in 1982, along with the air power, the landing strips ●●

1978 Nicaragua 1978-1990 sented evidence which included photos and rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Nicaragua 1978-1990 sented evidence which included photos and videotapes of American diplomats meeting with the Nicaragu ●●

1978 PDP coup overthrows Mohammad Daoud in Afghanistan ai_extracted 2 cit. no story On 27 April 1978, a coup staged by the People’s Democratic Party (PDP) overthrew the government of Mohammad Daoud ●●

1978 Financial crisis or panic rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In 1978, Chrysler was on the verge of bankruptcy ●●

1978 CIA issues non-denial to Rep. Ryan on MK-ULTRA ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The CIA issues a response to Congressman Ryan's inquiry about DeFreeze and MK-ULTRA experiments, using a carefully worded 'non-denial denial' that misspells DeFreeze's name ●●

1978 Congressman Leo Ryan assassinated in Guyana ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Congressman Leo Ryan is killed at Port Kaituma airstrip in Guyana, one month after receiving the CIA's response about DeFreeze and MK-ULTRA ●●

1978 Moscone and Harvey Milk assassinated in San Francisco ai_extracted 1 cit. no story On November 27, 1978, San Francisco Mayor George Moscone and Harvey Milk are shot dead by Dan White, days after the Jonestown massacre ●●

25 October 1978 Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act enacted 0 cit. Congress passes FISA in direct response to the Church Committee's findings, creating a secret court to approve warrants for domestic surveillance conducted for foreign intelligence purposes. It is intended to prevent the kind of warrantless spying on Americans documented at the FBI, CIA, and NSA during the prior decades. politics ●●●

1978 Microsoft moves from Albuquerque to Seattle ai_extracted 1 cit. no story At the end of 1978 Gates and Allen relocated their company back to the Seattle area. ●●

1978 Christensen and Suess create the first computer BBS ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Snowed in by a Chicago blizzard, two Homebrew-style hobbyists built what became known as Usenet. ●●

1978 William von Meister launches The Source ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Von Meister combined his interests in phones and computers to create an early consumer online service called The Source. ●●

c. December 1978 Deng Xiaoping's economic reforms begin in China 0 cit. Deng Xiaoping launches market-oriented reforms in China, introducing household responsibility in agriculture and opening the economy to foreign investment and trade. Although rooted in China's own political context rather than Chicago School doctrine, the reforms are often cited alongside Thatcher's and Reagan's as part of the broader global turn toward market liberalization in this period. economy / politics ●●●

29 September 1978 UN Security Council adopts Resolution 435 0 cit. The Security Council approved a settlement plan for Namibian independence, including a ceasefire, withdrawal of South African forces, and UN-supervised elections. Implementation stalled for a decade over South African conditions linking withdrawal to the removal of Cuban troops from Angola. The plan eventually became the basis for the actual transition to independence a decade later. diplomacy ●●

26 October 1978 Congress passes the Ethics in Government Act after Watergate 0 cit. In response to the Watergate scandal, Congress passes a law requiring financial disclosure by senior officials and imposing a cooling-off period before they can lobby their former agencies. It is an early, documented attempt to regulate the revolving door between government service and private industry. politics ●●

c. 1978 Joseph Sickert retracts royal-Masonic Ripper story debunked 0 cit. Joseph Sickert, whose account of a royal cover-up formed the basis of Stephen Knight's theory, tells journalists that his story was a hoax. His retraction is widely cited by historians as further evidence that the Masonic royal-conspiracy version of the Ripper case has no factual foundation. culture ●

c. August 1978 Operation Countryman launched 0 cit. An outside team of officers, mostly from provincial forces, begins Operation Countryman to investigate corruption in the Metropolitan Police and City of London Police, following allegations of bribery within the Flying Squad. The investigation is repeatedly obstructed and moved outside London after evidence-tampering concerns; Commissioner David McNee's team was reportedly kept from parts of the inquiry's findings. politics ●●

11 August 1978 American Indian Religious Freedom Act 0 cit. Congress passed a resolution affirming the right of Native Americans to practice traditional religions, including access to sacred sites and use of sacred objects, after decades in which practices like the Sun Dance and use of peyote in Native American Church ceremonies had been suppressed or criminalized. The act had limited enforcement power and later Supreme Court rulings narrowed its practical protections, prompting further legislation in the 1990s. politics / religion ●●

8 November 1978 Indian Child Welfare Act 0 cit. Congress passed the Indian Child Welfare Act in response to findings that state welfare agencies were removing Native children from their families and placing them with non-Native adoptive and foster homes at drastically disproportionate rates, in some states affecting a quarter to a third of all Native children. The law established tribal jurisdiction and preference standards for custody proceedings involving Native children. It has since been challenged in federal courts, including a 2023 Supreme Court case that upheld it. politics / society ●●

30 May 1978 Madrigal v. Quilligan Goes to Trial 0 cit. Ten Mexican-American women sued doctors at the Los Angeles County-USC Medical Center, alleging they had been coerced or misled into consenting to tubal ligations during labor, often signing consent forms in English that they did not read or speak. Federal Judge Jesse Curtis ruled against the plaintiffs, but the case, filed in 1975, exposed widespread coercive sterilization of Spanish-speaking women and led California to adopt a state consent form printed in Spanish and stricter waiting periods. politics / society ●●●

1 June 1978 Spencer W. Kimball receives revelation ending priesthood ban 0 cit. Church President Spencer W. Kimball and the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles met and prayed together in the Salt Lake Temple. Church accounts state that in this meeting they received confirmation to rescind the policy barring men of Black African descent from priesthood ordination. religion ●●●

8 June 1978 Church announces end of priesthood ban 0 cit. The First Presidency issued a letter, publicly released June 9, 1978, announcing that all worthy male members could be ordained to the priesthood regardless of race, and that Black members could receive all temple ordinances. This ended the 126-year-old priesthood and temple ban. religion / society ●●●

30 September 1978 Official Declaration 2 canonized as scripture 0 cit. At the Church's general conference, First Presidency counselor N. Eldon Tanner presented the June 1978 revelation extending priesthood and temple blessings to all worthy male members regardless of race. Members present sustained it, and it was canonized in the Doctrine and Covenants as Official Declaration 2, formally ending the priesthood and temple ban. religion ●●●

11 June 1978 Joseph Freeman Jr. becomes first Black elder ordained after ban 0 cit. Three days after the First Presidency's announcement, Joseph Freeman Jr. was ordained an elder in the Melchizedek priesthood, becoming recognized as the first man of Black African descent ordained under the new policy. Other Black members were ordained to priesthood offices the same day across the Church. religion / society ●●

c. 1978 "Banana republic" enters everyday language 0 cit. By the late twentieth century "banana republic" had become common shorthand for a corrupt, unstable country whose politics are bent to serve narrow economic interests. A US clothing chain even took the name in 1978, stripping it of its bloody history. The phrase is now often thrown at any government seen as lawless or captured, far from its origins in the fruit trade. culture / politics ●●

September 1978 Egypt realigns to the West under Sadat 0 cit. Anwar Sadat broke with the Soviet Union and, through the Camp David Accords and 1979 peace with Israel, turned Egypt into a major US ally. In return Egypt became one of the largest recipients of American aid, most of it military. The realignment reshaped the balance of the Middle East in the West's favor. diplomacy / politics ●●●

c. 1978 Somalia's Siad Barre switches to the West 0 cit. After falling out with Moscow over the Ogaden War, Somalia's dictator Siad Barre switched sides and became a US client in the Horn of Africa. Washington gained access to the port of Berbera and sent arms and aid in return. The Cold War swap left Somalia awash in weapons that fed its later collapse into civil war. politics / war ●●

August 1978 Daniel arap Moi succeeds Kenyatta 0 cit. When Jomo Kenyatta died in August 1978, Vice President Daniel arap Moi took power and launched the Nyayo era, meaning footsteps, promising to follow Kenyatta's path. A Kalenjin from the Rift Valley, Moi gradually concentrated power in his own hands and would rule for 24 years. His long presidency became defined by patronage, repression, and, eventually, the fight for multiparty democracy. politics ●●

1978 Rhodesia arms Security Force Auxiliaries 0 cit. As white minority rule collapsed, Rhodesia raised Security Force Auxiliaries, known as Pfumo reVanhu, from Africans loyal to the internal settlement government. They were meant to hold rural areas against the guerrilla armies of the liberation war. The auxiliaries were poorly disciplined and drew accusations of abuses against civilians, and they were disbanded after independence brought Zimbabwe in 1980. politics / war ●

1978 FISA and the secret surveillance court 0 cit. In response to the Church Committee, Congress passed the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act to require warrants for spying inside the United States. It created a special court that met in secret to approve those warrants. Critics later argued the court almost never said no and lacked any voice for the people being watched. politics ●●

c. 1978 The Counter-View: The Man Who Held the Nation Together 0 cit. A competing reading holds that Kenyatta was a genuine anti-colonial leader, jailed on evidence later shown to be perjured, whose pragmatic reconciliation kept a fragile multi-ethnic nation from collapse in the way neighbouring states fell into coups and civil war. His defenders and biographers, among them Jeremy Murray-Brown, credit the reassurance of settlers and investors with preserving the economy and stability. This too is presented as attributed argument; the historical debate between the two readings remains unresolved. politics / society ●●●

22 August 1978 The Death of Kenyatta 0 cit. Kenyatta died in his sleep at Mombasa on 22 August 1978, still president after fifteen years in power, and was succeeded by his vice-president Daniel arap Moi. He was mourned as Mzee, the revered elder and father of the nation. He left behind a stable, unified state and a bitter argument, still unsettled, over whether that stability was bought at the price of the fighters and the poor. politics / society ●●

March 1978 Somalia's defeat in the Ogaden and its long fallout 0 cit. Backed by Soviet arms and Cuban soldiers, Ethiopia routed the Somali army and drove it out of the Ogaden by March 1978. The defeat shattered the military's prestige and left hundreds of thousands of Somali refugees flooding into Somalia. Estimates of combined dead run into the tens of thousands. The loss triggered a failed coup attempt and pushed Barre toward harsher, more clan-based rule. politics / war ●●●

1978 The Moi era entrenches patronage 0 cit. Daniel arap Moi became president in 1978 and made KANU the sole legal party in 1982. Under his 'Nyayo' philosophy the patronage network shifted to a new inner circle, sometimes called 'Moi's men'. Detention without trial, a compliant judiciary and the security services were used to protect the system. The era set the stage for the largest documented scandals of the 1990s. politics ●●●

1978 Moi builds a Kalenjin-centered coalition 1 cit. When Kenyatta died in 1978, Vice-President Daniel arap Moi took power and over time shifted patronage, security posts, and state resources toward a coalition centered on his Kalenjin community and allied smaller groups. The pattern of an ethnic inner circle controlling the state carried on, only with a different group at the center. Elite competition for that central prize kept ethnicity at the heart of national politics. Moi's rise and the shift in patronage are documented history. economy / politics ●●

22 August 1978 Daniel arap Moi succeeds Kenyatta as president 1 cit. Jomo Kenyatta died in office on 22 August 1978, and his vice president Daniel arap Moi took over, first as acting president and then formally in October. Moi kept Kenya on its capitalist, pro-Western path and its close ties to London and Washington. He would hold power for 24 years. politics ●●●

1978 Communist coup overthrows and kills Afghan President Daoud ai_extracted 1 cit. In April 1978 Mohammed Daoud arrested communist leaders in Kabul after they staged a protest. Soviet-backed officers planted inside the Afghan army shot him dead days later, launching the Marxist revolution that provoked the anticommunist revolt. ●●

December 1978 Deng Xiaoping launches China's reform and opening 0 cit. At a Communist Party meeting in December 1978, Deng Xiaoping set China on a course of market reforms and opening to the outside world. Farms were decontrolled, special economic zones invited foreign investment, and private enterprise slowly returned. This began the transformation that made China a manufacturing power. economy / politics ●●●●

22 August 1978 Kenyatta dies and Moi takes power 0 cit. Jomo Kenyatta died in office at State House in Mombasa, and Vice-President Daniel arap Moi succeeded him. Moi promised to follow in Kenyatta's footsteps, a pledge he summed up in the Swahili word nyayo, meaning footsteps. In power he tightened control over the state and the ruling party rather than loosening it. politics ●●●

1978 Shungwaya: Spear reads a migration as a charter contested 0 cit. The nine Mijikenda peoples of the Kenya coast tell of a single flight south from a northern homeland called Shungwaya to build fortified kaya settlements. In The Kaya Complex and Traditions of Origin and their Interpretation, Thomas Spear used linguistics and archaeology to argue the uniform single-migration story works largely as a shared charter for a common Mijikenda identity, not a plain record of one event. Other scholars still argue a real northern homeland lies behind the tradition, so the case remains contested. culture / society ●●●

October 1978 Daniel arap Moi rises from Baringo to Kenya's presidency 1 cit. Daniel Toroitich arap Moi, a Tugen from the Sacho area of central Baringo, became Kenya's president in 1978 and held office until 2002. His long rule lifted the political standing of the Tugen and the wider Kalenjin and shaped patronage and land politics in the Rift Valley. It marked the shift of national power from Kikuyu to Kalenjin hands for a generation. politics ●●●

1978 Moi appoints Kibaki Vice President 1 cit. When Daniel arap Moi succeeded Jomo Kenyatta in 1978, he picked Kibaki as Vice President and initially allowed him to keep the finance docket. Kibaki therefore bridged Kenyatta-era technocracy and Moi-era succession politics. He was close to the center of state power before his gradual marginalization under Moi. economy / politics ●●●●●

25 December 1979 to 15 February 1989 Soviet-Afghan War wikidata 0 cit. 1979-1989 war between the Soviet Union and Afghan insurgents ●●●●

1979 Bonn Convention wikidata 0 cit. treaty ●●●

1979 MITI's 'samurai plan' aircraft leasing scheme ai_extracted 1 cit. In 1979 MITI promoted a leasing scheme, devised with Japan's top banks, to cosmetically reduce the current account surplus by booking foreign aircraft leases as Japanese imports; MoF called it off after a year fearing IMF scrutiny. ●●

1979 Swiss central bank briefly imposes negative rates ai_extracted 1 cit. In early 1979 the Swiss central bank briefly lowered short-term interbank rates into negative territory. ●●

26 March 1979 Egypt-Israel peace treaty 0 cit. First peace treaty between Israel and an Arab state, returning the Sinai to Egypt and normalizing relations. Egypt was suspended from the Arab League and President Sadat was later assassinated. diplomacy / politics / war ●●●

21 December 1979 Lancaster House Agreement 0 cit. Agreement ending the Rhodesian Bush War and providing for elections and the internationally recognized independence of Zimbabwe. It ended the last white-minority rebellion against British decolonization. diplomacy / politics / war ●●

1 April 1979 Proclamation of the Islamic Republic of Iran 0 cit. no story After the revolution that toppled the shah, a referendum establishes the Islamic Republic, the current form of the ancient Iranian state. politics / religion ●●●●

12 July 1979 Independence of Kiribati 0 cit. no story The Gilbert Islands become the independent Republic of Kiribati. politics ●●

22 February 1979 Independence of Saint Lucia 0 cit. no story Saint Lucia becomes an independent state within the Commonwealth. politics ●●

27 October 1979 Independence of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 0 cit. no story Saint Vincent and the Grenadines becomes independent from Britain. politics ●●

17 February 1979 to 16 March 1979 Sino-Vietnamese War 1 cit. no story China invades northern Vietnam to punish it for toppling the Khmer Rouge, then withdraws after a month of heavy fighting. Border clashes continue for another decade. war ●●●

15 October 1979 to 16 January 1992 Salvadoran Civil War 0 cit. no story The FMLN guerrillas fight the US-backed Salvadoran government, whose death squads kill thousands of civilians. Around 75,000 die before the 1992 peace accords. politics / war ●●●

1 April 1979 Founding of FEMA 0 cit. Carter's reorganization merges scattered disaster and civil defense programs into the Federal Emergency Management Agency. FEMA becomes the federal face of hurricane, flood, and earthquake response, and joins Homeland Security in 2003. environment / society ●●

17 October 1979 Founding of the Department of Education 0 cit. Carter signs the act splitting education out of HEW into its own cabinet department, which opens in May 1980. It administers federal student aid and civil rights enforcement in schools while education remains chiefly a state and local function. society ●●●

28 March 1979 Three Mile Island accident 0 cit. A cooling failure melts part of a reactor core near Harrisburg, the worst accident in American commercial nuclear power. Little radiation escapes, but public trust collapses and new plant orders dry up for decades. environment / technology ●●●●

22 September 1979 Vela incident 0 cit. An American Vela satellite detects a double flash near the Prince Edward Islands, the signature of a nuclear explosion. Widely suspected to be a joint Israeli and South African test, it has never been officially explained. science / war ●●●

c. November 1979 South Africa completes its first nuclear device 0 cit. The apartheid state secretly finishes its first gun-type uranium device, built with domestically enriched fuel. Six weapons follow over the next decade, never tested and never acknowledged. politics / war ●●●

3 May 1979 Margaret Thatcher wins power 0 cit. The Conservatives win the British general election and Margaret Thatcher becomes prime minister on a program of privatization, union curbs, and monetarism. Her victory begins the neoliberal turn in Western politics. economy / politics ●●●●

c. 1979 Aryeh Kaplan's translations reach a wide public 0 cit. Rabbi Aryeh Kaplan produced clear English translations and studies of core Kabbalistic texts, including the Sefer Yetzirah and the Bahir. His work brought primary sources to English readers within a traditional framework. culture / religion ●●

20 November 1979 Grand Mosque seizure in Mecca 0 cit. Armed extremists led by Juhayman al-Otaybi seized the Grand Mosque in Mecca and held it for two weeks. The siege and its recapture left more than 100 people dead and pushed Saudi Arabia toward stricter religious policies. politics / religion ●●●

1 July 1979 Sony launches the Walkman 0 cit. Sony's Walkman let people carry their own music and listen through headphones anywhere. It made music personal and portable for the first time. culture / technology ●●●

c. June 1979 The Moral Majority and the Religious Right 0 cit. Jerry Falwell founded the Moral Majority to organize conservative Christians as a political force. It helped make the Religious Right a major power in American politics. politics / religion ●●●●

c. 1979 Second Oil Shock 0 cit. The Iranian Revolution disrupted oil supply and sent world prices to new highs. The shock brought another surge of revenue into the Gulf monarchies. economy ●●●

c. 1979 Opening of Jebel Ali Port and Free Zone 0 cit. Dubai opened the giant Jebel Ali port, later adding a free trade zone that drew foreign firms. The project anchored Dubai's shift from oil toward trade, logistics, and services. economy ●●●

20 November 1979 Seizure of the Grand Mosque in Mecca 0 cit. Armed militants led by Juhayman al-Otaybi seized the Grand Mosque and held it for two weeks, denouncing the monarchy as corrupt. The shock pushed the Saudi state toward stricter religious policies at home and abroad. religion / war ●●●●

18 December 1979 UN adopts the CEDAW women's rights treaty 0 cit. The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women set an international standard for women's equality. Often called a bill of rights for women, it has been ratified by most nations. politics / society ●●

2 June 1979 John Paul II's first visit to Poland 0 cit. The pope returned to communist Poland and drew vast crowds, encouraging Poles to resist fear. The visit is widely seen as a spark for the Solidarity movement and the wider challenge to Soviet control. politics / religion / society ●●●●

1979 The U.S. creates the Department of Education 0 cit. Congress established a cabinet-level Department of Education in 1979, and it began operating in 1980. Its creation reflected a larger federal role in schooling and remains politically contested. politics / society ●●●

1979 to 1982 The Volcker shock and rising interest rates 0 cit. The US Federal Reserve raised interest rates sharply to fight inflation, pushing up the cost of the variable-rate debt many developing countries had taken on. The move helped trigger the Latin American debt crisis. economy / politics ●●●●

c. 1979 Hubbard is named an unindicted co-conspirator and vanishes into seclusion 0 cit. After the Operation Snow White prosecutions named him an unindicted co-conspirator, Hubbard withdrew from public life. He spent his final years in hiding and was rarely seen. politics ●●●

December 1979 Eleven Scientology officials are convicted over Operation Snow White 0 cit. Mary Sue Hubbard and ten other senior Scientologists were convicted and imprisoned for the conspiracy to infiltrate and burglarize government agencies. The case remains a documented criminal conspiracy by the church. politics ●●●●

3 July 1979 to 1989 Operation Cyclone arms the Afghan mujahideen 0 cit. The CIA ran Operation Cyclone, one of its longest and most expensive covert programs, to fund and arm Afghan fighters against Soviet forces. Aid flowed through Pakistan's ISI to a range of Islamist factions. politics / war ●●●●●

1979 Iran becomes a modern theocracy 0 cit. After the revolution, Iran created a system where a supreme religious leader holds ultimate authority above elected officials. It is a leading modern example of religious rule over a state. politics / religion ●●●●

1979 to 2015 China's one-child policy 1 cit. China limited most couples to one child from 1979 to 2015, enforcing the rule through fines, mandatory contraception, and documented cases of forced abortion and sterilization. The policy prevented many births but produced grave human rights abuses and a skewed sex ratio. politics / society ●●●●●

1979 The House committee finds a 'probable conspiracy' 0 cit. The House Select Committee on Assassinations concludes that Kennedy was probably assassinated as the result of a conspiracy, based largely on disputed acoustic evidence of a possible fourth shot. It named no conspirators, and the acoustic finding was later challenged. A documented official finding that the lone-gunman account was probably incomplete, not proof of any particular plot. politics / society ●●●

1979 Goldwater warns of Trilateral Commission in With No Apologies ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Senator Barry Goldwater's 1979 book With No Apologies warned the Trilateral Commission was a coordinated effort to seize control of the U.S. government. ●●

1979 Radio interview with Trilateral Commission coordinator George Franklin ai_extracted 1 cit. no story On July 27, 1979 radio station KLMG aired an interview with George S. Franklin, Jr., coordinator of the Trilateral Commission, questioned by Antony Sutton and Patrick Wood. Wood reprints the transcript as a look into the Commission's inner workings. ●●

1979 Collapse of the Shah's army in Iran ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The Iranian army collapsed and Ayatollah Khomeini's movement took control in Tehran. The upheaval signaled the wider unraveling of American positions in the region. ●●

1979 CIA dismisses risk of Soviet Afghan invasion ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The CIA's top-secret daily report told the White House the Soviets would be reluctant to send large ground forces into Afghanistan. That same week thirty thousand Soviet troops began deploying near the border. ●●

1979 The Shah flees Tehran ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The Shah of Iran fled his capital as the revolution gained force. Within weeks the popular uprising opened the way for Khomeini's return. ●●

1979 Khomeini returns to Tehran ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The popular revolution that pushed the Shah from the throne cleared the path for Ayatollah Khomeini's return to Tehran. The CIA had failed to understand who Khomeini was or the strength of his movement. ●●

1979 Year 1979: Mary Ann Heiss: In the long term it may well be tr rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Mary Ann Heiss: In the long term it may well be true that the inability of the British and the United States to deal with Mossadegh, whose policies seem moderate in hindsight, clea... ●●

1979 Year 1979: But for five decades, excepting only a brief coupl rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story But for five decades, excepting only a brief couple of years after the Islamic Revolution of 1979, he has been cast as a dubious figure at best, more likely a traitor. “I don’t kno... ●●