Events, Verisoph

1908 7 When it came time to fill two life membership vacancies on the Princeton... rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story 7 When it came time to fill two life membership vacancies on the Princeton Board of Trustees, in early November 1908, Wilson suggested the spots “be filled by some man who can be... ●●

1908 Roosevelt backs Taft for president ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Roosevelt decided not to run for reelection in 1908, but he backed William Howard Taft, a man later described by Senator Nelson Aldrich’s great-grandson as a “well-fed... ●●

1908 idea of a modern colonialism was set forth rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The idea of a modern colonialism was set forth in its own time by pub lications like Paul Leroy-Beaulieu's 1 8 74 book, De la colonisation chez des pe... ●●

1908 Congo Free State becomes a Belgian colony ai_extracted 1 cit. no story By 1908, Leopold was forced to turn the Congo from a private domain into a formal Belgian colony and make gestures to cleaning up its administration. ●●

1908 Having won the parlia mentary elections in 1908, rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Having won the parlia mentary elections in 1908, the party pursued a centralizing agenda, under cutting local notables, attempting to replace entrench... ●●

1908 Kaiser-Hommage procession celebrates the Habsburg dynasty ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Kaiser-Hommage procession celebrates Habsburg dynasty ●●

1908 On February 2, 1908, the nightmare that had rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story On February 2, 1908, the nightmare that had haunted John D. Rockefeller his whole life suddenly burst forth in bold print. ●●

1908 Sure that the house was now ready, they rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Sure that the house was now ready, they apprehensively invited John and Cettie to sample it in October 1908, and it seemed, at first, an unparalleled success. “The new house all furnished by John and Abby was ready for us,” Cettie recorded in her diary. ●●

1908 In 1908, Charles told Junior that he had rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In 1908, Charles told Junior that he had dismissed Margaret’s beloved Irish governess, a Miss Lawrenson, for introducing religion into their household. “I find that, quite without her fault, Margaret was imbibing Catholic ideas, and there was nothing for it but to make a change, greatly as I regretted letting Miss L. ●●

1908 I am willing to meet and talk with rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story I am willing to meet and talk with any body of men, friends or enemies.” 67 On May 20, 1908, Doubleday sat at the head of the luncheon table at the Aldine Club, surrounded by forty or fifty magazine publishers, when the rear door flew open and Mark Twain, Henry Rogers, and the two Rockefellers, junior and senior, marched single file into the room. ●●

1908 Appeals court overturns Landis's Standard Oil fine ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In July 1908, a federal appeals court not only revoked the fine but severely reprimanded Landis for considering each carload of oil as a separate offense. Judge Peter S. Grosscup, calling Landis’s act an “abuse of judicial discretion,” ordered a retrial, in which Standard Oil was subsequently found not guilty. ●●

1908 Rockefeller endorses Taft for president ai_extracted 1 cit. no story After the 1908 election, he was relieved to be free of Teddy Roosevelt, who handed over the Republican nomination to his corpulent secretary of war, William Howard Taft. On October 29, 1908, in a cameo appearance at 26 Broadway, Rockefeller endorsed Taft for president. ●●

1908 Rogers and Mark Twain sailing together in Bermuda rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Rogers and Mark Twain sailing together in Bermuda in 1908. (Courtesy of the Mark Twain Project, the Bancroft Library). ●●

1908 Oil Industry Development rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In 1908, he returned as a patient to the Burghölzli Psychiatric Clinic outside Zurich under the care of Dr. ●●

1908 With the Reichstag vice-president sitting beside a beaming rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story With the Reichstag vice-president sitting beside a beaming Moritz, Max noted that the Reich gold reserves in the Julius tower at Spandau would be depleted within the first weeks of war. Yet Max was no... ●●

1908 Stolypin breaks up the Russian peasant communes ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Yet when the minister for the interior, Stolypin, tried to reduce this discontent by breaking up the peasant communes after 1908, he simply provoked fresh unrest—whether from villages determined to ke ●●

1908 Equipment, instruments and books were packed up, and valuable records shipped ea rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Equipment, instruments and books were packed up, and valuable records shipped east for safety.”1908 The invasion rearranged research priorities. ●●

1908 Bosnian annexation crisis erupts ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Yet, with each new German challenge, the bonds of the Triple Entente grew tighter. In 1908, an international crisis occurred over Bosnia-Herzegovina, ●●

1908 But in 1908, Austria reversed that decision, feari... rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story But in 1908, Austria reversed that decision, fearing its empire was about to dissolve under the impact of Serbi ●●

1908 the Bosnian crisis of 1908, France made it clear t... rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In the Bosnian crisis of 1908, France made it clear that it would not go to war over a Balkan issue. ●●

1908 1908: John Bardeen (1908–91), William Shockley (1910–89), and Walter Brattai rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story John Bardeen (1908–91), William Shockley (1910–89), and Walter Brattain (1902–87) in a Bell Labs photograph in 1948. The first transistor at Bell Labs ●●

1908 Einstein becomes privatdozent at University of Bern ai_extracted 1 cit. no story At the end of February 1908, Einstein was made a privatdozent (private lecturer) at the University of Bern after submitting a thesis on light quanta. However, the position paid little and he kept his job at the patent office. ●●

1908 Began lecturing at University of Bern rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Einstein began lecturing on the theory of heat at the University of Bern in summer 1908 on Tuesday and Saturday at 7 a.m., initially attracting only three attendees: Michele Besso and two colleagues from the postal building. ●●

1908 Information history in 1908 candidate ai_extracted 1 cit. no story fulfilled in turn, flame after flame,” she boasts, “along the course ordained. ” A German historian, Richard Hennig, traced and measured the route in 1908 and confirmed the feasibility of this chain o ●●

1908 Event of 1908 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story By 1908 Roosevelt was calling for a concerted policy to exclude Asian immigrants from all English-speaking countries, an idea with high- level support ●●

1908 This came about not through old-style corruption typified by the Ballinger affair in 1908 that led t rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story This came about not through old-style corruption typified by the Ballinger affair in 1908 that led to Pinchot’s firing by President Taft; rather, it worked through the issuing of legislative mandates that forced the Forest Service to pursue differing ●●

1908 Congress passes the Aldrich-Vreeland Act ai_extracted 1 cit. no story In 1908, Congress passed the Aldrich-Vreeland Act which, basi- cally, accomplished two objectives ●●

1908 Durant, an entrepreneur of imperial ambitions who formed the company in 1908, ha rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Durant, an entrepreneur of imperial ambitions who formed the company in 1908, had little interest in the processes and needs of management ●●

1908 68 By 1908, for example, the company was consuming one-third of the glycerine so... rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story 68 By 1908, for example, the company was consuming one-third of the glycerine sold in the United States or one-sixth of the world’s supply, as well as 30 percent of the Chilean nitrates sold in this country or 5 percent of the total world’s supply ●●

26 July 1908 Bureau of Investigation founded 0 cit. Attorney General Charles Bonaparte creates a force of special agents inside the Department of Justice, without waiting for congressional approval. It is renamed the Bureau of Investigation in 1909 and becomes the FBI in 1935. This is the direct ancestor of today's Federal Bureau of Investigation. politics ●●●

1908 Eugen Fischer studies the Basters of Rehoboth 0 cit. German anthropologist Eugen Fischer traveled to the colony to study people of mixed Nama and European descent known as Basters, developing racial theories about the effects of interbreeding between Europeans and Africans. His resulting book, published in 1913, argued for restricting the rights and reproduction of mixed-race populations. Fischer's work was later cited approvingly by Nazi race scientists, and he went on to head Nazi Germany's leading eugenics institute and to help draft the Nuremberg racial laws. science ●●●

1908 Camps close and the Herero and Nama population collapses 0 cit. German authorities closed the concentration camp system after several years of internment. The Herero population is estimated to have fallen by roughly 80 percent and the Nama population by roughly 50 percent as a result of the war, flight, and internment since 1904. Survivors lost most of their cattle and land and were subjected afterward to pass laws restricting movement and land ownership. society ●●●

15 November 1908 Belgian state annexes the Congo 0 cit. Under sustained international pressure over the atrocities of the Congo Free State, Leopold II transferred personal ownership of the territory to the Belgian government, which renamed it the Belgian Congo. Forced labor and extraction continued under state administration, though with somewhat less overt brutality than under Leopold's personal rule. The Belgian Congo remained a colony until Congolese independence in 1960. politics ●●

1908 Diamonds discovered in German South West Africa 0 cit. A railway worker found diamonds in the sand near Lüderitz, setting off a rush that revealed extremely rich alluvial diamond deposits along the Namibian coast. German colonial authorities restricted the area, and control of these deposits later passed to companies connected to Ernest Oppenheimer. economy ●●

c. 1908 Eugen Fischer studies the Rehoboth Basters 2 cit. German anthropologist Eugen Fischer travels to German South-West Africa to study the Rehoboth Basters, a mixed-descent community, measuring skulls and bodies to develop theories on the biological effects of racial mixing. His 1913 book on the study, "Die Rehobother Bastards," argues that mixed-race populations are biologically inferior and warns against interracial marriage, work later cited directly in Nazi race law. science ●●●

c. April 1908 Diamonds discovered near Lüderitz 0 cit. A railway worker finds diamonds in the desert near Lüderitz, triggering a diamond rush that transforms the colonial economy. The mines expand demand for forced and indentured African labor under a colonial pass and contract labor system built directly on the dispossession of Herero and Nama land and livestock. economy ●

15 November 1908 Belgium Annexes the Congo Free State 0 cit. Under international pressure over the atrocities documented by Casement, Morel, and missionaries, the Belgian parliament took control of the Congo from Leopold II, ending his personal rule and renaming the territory the Belgian Congo. Forced labor practices continued under state administration in modified form, particularly during the rubber and later mineral booms. Leopold himself was never tried for the abuses committed under his authority. economy / politics ●●

1908 Sorel publishes Reflections on Violence 0 cit. Georges Sorel publishes Reflections on Violence, arguing that a unifying myth and heroic action can bind a movement together. Though Sorel came from the revolutionary left, later writers trace his idea of mobilizing myth as one of the intellectual currents that fed into fascism. culture / politics ●●

15 November 1908 Leopold hands the Congo to Belgium and is never tried 0 cit. After the international outcry over the rubber terror, the Belgian parliament takes control of the Congo from Leopold II, ending his personal rule and renaming the territory the Belgian Congo. Forced-labour practices continue under state administration in modified form, particularly during the rubber and later mineral booms. Leopold himself is never tried for the abuses committed under his authority. politics / society ●●●

c. 1908 Belgium rules the Congo as a paternalist state 0 cit. Belgium runs the Congo as a paternalist state built on a partnership of the colonial administration, the Catholic Church, and large companies. Africans are provided basic schooling and health care aimed at producing obedient workers, but are barred from higher education, political rights, and senior jobs by an informal colour bar. The system keeps Congolese people subordinate while presenting itself as benevolent guardianship. politics / religion / society ●●●

1908 Belgium annexes the Congo after the Leopold scandal 0 cit. After an international outcry over the atrocities of King Leopold II's personal rule, Belgium took the Congo Free State from him and made it the Belgian Congo. The reformers who had condemned Leopold's forced-labor rubber regime did not return the land to Congolese control. Instead the same ground, now under Belgian and allied European capital, was opened to industrial mining, a shift documented economic historians describe as reform in name followed by extraction in fact. economy / politics ●●

July 1908 Young Turk Revolution 0 cit. The Committee of Union and Progress, known as the Young Turks, forces Abdul Hamid II to restore the constitution and parliament. A modernizing, nationalist movement, it soon dominated the government and led the empire into World War I. Its rule mixed reform with a harder Turkish nationalism. politics / society ●●

26 May 1908 Oil strikes at Masjed Soleyman, and Anglo-Persian is born 0 cit. After years of failure, D'Arcy's drillers hit oil in southwest Persia, the first major find in the Middle East. The Anglo-Persian Oil Company was formed the next year to exploit it, later renamed Anglo-Iranian and then BP. economy / technology ●●●

c. 1908 The Kitawala and Watchtower movement in Central Africa 0 cit. Watch Tower teaching, spread from about 1908 by preachers such as Elliot Kamwana in Nyasaland, took root across Central Africa as the movement called Kitawala. Its message that God's kingdom would soon sweep away earthly rulers was heard as a promise of the end of colonial power. Authorities across several territories saw it as subversive and banned and jailed its adherents repeatedly. politics / religion / society ●●

1908 Church of Scotland founds the Tumutumu mission 0 cit. The Church of Scotland Mission extended north from Kikuyu and opened a station at Tumutumu near Nyeri in 1908, deep in Kikuyu country. It added a school and hospital and became a base for evangelism, medical work, and teacher training in the region. Tumutumu produced many of the mission-educated Kikuyu who shaped early African politics and church life. religion / society ●

c. 1908 Mission Schools and the Making of a Kikuyu Elite 0 cit. Church of Scotland and Church Missionary Society stations in Kikuyu country offered schooling, literacy, and wage skills, creating a class of mission-educated Christians the Kikuyu called athomi, the readers. This opening divided the community between those who embraced the mission path and those who held to custom, a split colonial rule would later widen into loyalist and rebel. Access to education became a form of power, and the elite it produced shaped Kikuyu politics for generations. religion / society ●●

1908 Otenyo, Moraa and the 1908 Gusii Rising 4 cit. The young warrior Otenyo Nyamaterere, urged on by the prophetess Moraa wa Ng'iti, speared the British administrator Northcote, who survived, and sparked a rising that took a month to put down. A punitive expedition raided the cattle enclosures of Kitutu and seized several thousand head, and Otenyo was captured and shot by firing squad. Gusii tradition holds that his head was taken to Britain, and to this day elders campaign for its return, though the details rest on oral accounts. politics / religion / war ●●

1908 The Land Titles Ordinance and coastal landlessness 5 cit. The Land Titles Ordinance set up a process to register private ownership of coastal land, but it favoured those with documents and connections, chiefly Arab and European claimants and absentee owners. Mijikenda and other communities who held land by custom and use often could not prove title and were reduced to squatters on ground their families had long occupied. The measure locked in a pattern of coastal landlessness that historians see as the root of the region's unresolved land question. economy / politics ●●●

1908 The Elgin Pledge reserves the highlands for Europeans 0 cit. Colonial Secretary Lord Elgin gave an informal assurance that the fertile highlands would be kept for white settlers. In practice this shut Indians out of buying farmland in the most valuable part of the colony. It set the pattern for a long political fight over land and status. politics ●●

1908 Otenyo, Moraa and the Gusii rising of 1908 0 cit. As British administration pushed into Gusii country, the prophetess Moraa Ng'iti roused resistance and the young warrior Otenyo Nyamaterere speared the district officer G. A. S. Northcote, who survived the wound. The British answered with a punitive expedition that burned villages, seized cattle and killed many Gusii, and Otenyo was later captured and executed. The rising marks the hinge where Gusii independence gave way to colonial conquest. politics / war ●●●

1908 Otenyo Nyamaterere spears the British commissioner 0 cit. In the 1908 Gusii rising against British taxation and rule, the young warrior Otenyo Nyamaterere, inspired by the prophetess Moraa Ngiti, speared and wounded the British officer G.A.S. Northcote. The British answered with a punitive expedition that killed many Abagusii and seized their cattle. Otenyo was hunted down, captured, and executed, and he is remembered as a Gusii hero of resistance. politics / society / war ●●●

1908 Subjugation of Meru 1 cit. The Meru, on the north-eastern shoulder of Mount Kenya, were subdued by a military expedition in 1908, with the Tharaka among those putting up the hardest fight. As elsewhere, allied African auxiliaries did much of the fighting and cattle were carried off. A British post at Meru followed, completing the encirclement of the mountain by 1910. politics / war ●●

c. 1908 Nyanza and the west become the colony's labour reservoir 8 cit. The densely populated Luo, Luhya, and Gusii districts of Nyanza and western Kenya became the main source of workers for settler farms, the Mombasa port, the railway, and the growing towns. Men left home for months to work far away and returned to reserves that stayed poor. The region supplied hands rather than keeping the value of their work. economy / society ●●●●

January 1908 Moraa wa Ngiti inspires the Gusii rising contested 0 cit. Moraa wa Ngiti was a Gusii seer and healer who urged her people to resist the British after troops seized thousands of Gusii cattle in early 1908. Oral history says she blessed the warriors and gave them charms, and inspired her kinsman Otenyo Nyamaterere, who speared and wounded the British officer Northcote. The rising was put down and Otenyo was executed. Her spiritual leadership rests on Gusii oral tradition, so the detail is contested, but the revolt itself is documented. religion / war ●●

1908 The colonial intrusion and the crisis of authority 1 cit. British conquest in 1907 and 1908, led by E. B. Horne, stripped the generation-sets of their political core by ending warfare, disarmament, and territorial defence, leaving the kiama as little more than a court for settling disputes. Famine, epidemics, and wartime demands then killed perhaps a quarter to a third of the people. Anne-Marie Peatrik argues the crisis deepened when H. E. Lambert recognised the njuri ncheke as the official "tribal authority" in the 1930s, a selective body that masked the real generational divisions rather than restoring the old order. politics / society / war ●●●●

c. 1908 Kitale emerges as a settler service town 2 cit. Kitale began as a small settler service settlement in the fertile Trans-Nzoia plains. Its position between Mount Elgon and the Cherangany Hills made it useful as an administrative and trading centre for European farms. economy / politics ●●●

15 June 1909 Founding of the Imperial Cricket Conference 0 cit. no story Representatives of England, Australia and South Africa meet at Lord's to found the Imperial Cricket Conference, the body that became today's International Cricket Council. culture / diplomacy / society ●●

14 April 1909 Founding of Anglo-Persian Oil (BP) 0 cit. The Anglo-Persian Oil Company is founded after the first major oil strike in the Middle East, in Persia in 1908. The British government buys a controlling stake in 1914, and the company becomes British Petroleum. economy / politics ●●●●

April 1909 Founding of Tel Aviv 0 cit. Jewish residents founded Tel Aviv as a new town near Jaffa in 1909. It grew into the first modern Hebrew-speaking city. culture / society ●●

c. 1909 to c. 1979 California leads U.S. in forced sterilizations 1 cit. California sterilized about 20,000 people under eugenic law, more than any other state, targeting immigrants, the poor, and people in institutions. The state later apologized and set up compensation for survivors. politics / society ●●

12 February 1909 NAACP founded to fight racial injustice 0 cit. The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People was founded to fight lynching, segregation, and disenfranchisement. It became a leading force in the long legal and political battle for civil rights. politics / society ●●●

2 July 1909 Haber synthesizes ammonia from nitrogen 0 cit. Fritz Haber showed how to make ammonia from atmospheric nitrogen and hydrogen under high pressure. The reaction opened the way to cheap synthetic fertilizer and explosives. science / technology ●●●●●

1909 The Rosicrucian Fellowship founded by Max Heindel 0 cit. Max Heindel founded the Rosicrucian Fellowship in 1909 and published The Rosicrucian Cosmo-Conception, presenting a Christian mystical and astrological teaching. The group established its headquarters, Mount Ecclesia, at Oceanside, California. religion / science ●●●

1909 to 1979 California's eugenic sterilization program 0 cit. California forcibly sterilized about 20,000 people held in state institutions between 1909 and the 1970s, the most of any US state. Many were poor, disabled, or Latina women sterilized without meaningful consent. politics / society ●●●●

1909 Rathenau on the men who direct Europe's economy, 1909 ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Quigley quotes industrialist Walter Rathenau, who in 1909 claimed that three hundred men who all knew one another directed the economic destiny of Europe. It is offered as evidence of concentrated financial power. ●●

1909 Rise of the American billion-dollar corporations ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Quigley notes that the number of billion-dollar corporations in the United States grew from one in 1909, Morgan-controlled US Steel, to fifteen by 1930. ●●

1909 Morley-Minto Act of 1909 enlarges Indian councils ai_extracted 1 cit. no story A third reform act, passed in 1909 under Morley and Minto, enlarged the councils and created nonofficial majorities in the provinces, but its separate religious electorates deepened communal division. ●●

1909 Growth of billion-dollar corporations in the US ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Quigley cites that from 1909 to 1930 the number of US billion-dollar corporations rose from 1 to 15, and the share of all corporate assets held by the 200 largest rose from 32 to over 49 percent. ●●

1909 Quigley: The Round Table launched as a Milner Group organ (1909) ai_extracted 1 cit. Quigley asserts that The Round Table was the second major propaganda effort of the Milner Group after 1909. He says it aimed to do for the whole Empire what the Group had done for South Africa. ●●

1909 Curtis and Kerr's 1909 mission to Canada ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Curtis recounts that in 1909 he and Philip Kerr went to Canada, taking William Marris along. The trip grew out of anxiety over whether the Dominions would join Britain in a future war with Germany. ●●

1909 Quigley: the secret history of the 1919 Act begins in Canada (1909) ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Quigley asserts the secret history of the Government of India Act began in Canada in 1909, when Curtis took from William Marris the idea of extending responsible government to India. ●●

1909 Banker George Reynolds backs a German-style central bank ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Gatto links banking centralization to school Prussianization. On September 13, 1909, American Bankers Association president George Reynolds publicly favored a central bank modeled on the German Reichsbank. ●●

1909 President Taft urges a German-model central bank ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Gatto notes that on September 14, 1909, President William Howard Taft told the country to take up seriously the idea of a centralized bank on the German model, as schools were being rebuilt on Prussian lines. ●●

1909 Leonard Ayres publishes 'Laggards in Our Schools' ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Gatto cites Leonard Ayres's 1909 book Laggards in Our Schools, which charged that schools full of 'retarded children' were fitted to the unusually bright student. Ayres devised measures of school efficiency by dropout rate. ●●

1909 Factory inspector survey of working children ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Gatto cites a 1909 survey by factory inspector Helen Todd of 500 working children in 20 factories, in which 412 said they would rather work in the factories than return to school. He uses it to argue children preferred labor to schooling. ●●

1909 G. Stanley Hall invites Freud to the United States ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Gatto notes that in 1909 G. Stanley Hall, whom he calls the father of school administration, invited Sigmund Freud to the United States. Gatto reads it as an effort to give a scientific basis to the anti-family stance of state schooling. ●●

1909 Round Table Groups organized ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The book asserts, following Quigley, that Milner's recruits organized semisecret Round Table Groups from 1909 to 1913 in the chief British dependencies and the United States. It frames these as the Network's instruments of influence. ●●

1909 Carnegie trustees ask how to involve the US in war ai_extracted 1 cit. no story The book continues Casey's account that in 1909 the trustees asked how to involve the United States in a war and resolved to control the State Department. It frames this as the Network's plan to capture US diplomacy. ●●

1909 Two years after the panic, on December 11, 1909, Vanderlip invited his frie... rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Two years after the panic, on December 11, 1909, Vanderlip invited his friend Wilson to speak at the annual banquet of New York bankers, to be held at the Waldorf Astoria hotel. ●●

1909 His attempts to regulate American mining and lumber companies, and rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story His attempts to regulate American mining and lumber companies, and his insistence on seeking loans from European rather than American banks, led the U (1909) ●●

1909 WHEN the Republican president William Howard Taft took offic rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story WHEN the Republican president William Howard Taft took office in 1909, the wily George Perkins flattered himself, thinking that he had already wormed his way into its inner council. Taft sent him a co... ●●

1909 From 1909 to 1913, the American Group served as a conduit fo rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story From 1909 to 1913, the American Group served as a conduit for all Morgan dealings with China. Its representative in China was the most dashing, adventurous agent in Morgan history—Willard Dickerman St... ●●

1909 His letters were spiced with vivid, exotic imagery, describi rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story His letters were spiced with vivid, exotic imagery, describing China as “the storm center of world politics,” a place “where everyone more or less is spying on everyone else.”30 In 1909, he met one of... ●●

1909 After he became a partner in January 1909, he seemed to have rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story After he became a partner in January 1909, he seemed to have almost exclusive access to Pierpont in his library. As was clear in the 1907 panic, the handsome Davison had star quality, a square-jawed t... ●●

1909 Howard Baskerville killed in Iran ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Howard Baskerville, a Princeton graduate and missionary's son, was killed defending Iranian democratic forces against royalist forces backed by foreign powers. ●●

1909 On October 20, 1909, Junior implored him to rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story On October 20, 1909, Junior implored him to act fast and stake out a leadership role in the hookworm fight. ●●

1909 Between 1856 and 1909, Rockefeller had given $157.5 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Between 1856 and 1909, Rockefeller had given $157.5 million for charitable purposes. ●●

1909 As Rockefeller scaled back involvement with the University rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story As Rockefeller scaled back involvement with the University of Chicago in 1909, Gates fancied that they might replicate this feat with a great Chinese university. Like many Baptists of his era, Rockefeller was interested in China because of the extensive missionary efforts there. ●●

1909 Oil Industry Development rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story By 1909, Rockefeller felt so abominably treated by Gould that he refused further cooperation unless his representatives controlled the board. As the price of rescuing the Missouri Pacific, Jacob Sc... ●●

1909 Cettie Rockefeller Confined to Wheelchair rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Laura Spelman Rockefeller took up residence at her New York townhouse in late 1909 already restricted to a wheelchair. Her declining health required round-the-clock nursing and severely limited her mobility. ●●

1909 Henri de Rothschild sponsors the Ballets Russes tour ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Henri de Rothschild of the French branch sponsored Diaghilev's groundbreaking 1909 Ballet Russe tour, supporting avant-garde theatrical innovation in Paris. ●●

1909 Lloyd George publicly ridicules Lord Rothschild ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Chancellor Lloyd George publicly ridicules Lord Rothschild for demanding eight dreadnoughts while opposing progressive taxation. The speech marks the loss of Rothschild influence over British fiscal policy. ●●

1909 Thus, “Troops were needed on 13,507 occasions in January 190 rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Thus, “Troops were needed on 13,507 occasions in January 1909, and 114,108 occasions that [whole] year. By 1913, there were 100,000 arrests for ‘attacks on State power.’ ”140 Needless to say, all this ●●

1909 “Give the state twenty years of internal and external peace, rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story “Give the state twenty years of internal and external peace,” boasted Stolypin in 1909, “and you will not recognize Russia.” That may have been true, even if Germany’s strength was also likely to incr ●●

1909 discovery and before Rutherford’s announcement to Geiger at Christmastime 1910 that he had worked ou rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story discovery and before Rutherford’s announcement to Geiger at Christmastime 1910 that he had worked out an explanation. ●●

1909 Meitner had met Albert Einstein for the first time at a scientific conference in Salzburg. rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story Meitner had met Albert Einstein for the first time at a scientific conference in Salzburg. ●●

1909 1906-09 - Cuba - September rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story 1906-09 - Cuba - September 1906 to January 23, 1909: Intervention to restore order, protect foreigners, and establish a stable government after serious revolutionary activity ●●

1909 American Breeders Association turns to eugenic lobbying ai_extracted 1 cit. At the December 1909 American Breeders Association meeting in Omaha, Nebraska, Charles Davenport convinced the ABA to escalate from pure research into specific ethnic investigation, propaganda, and lobbying for eugenic legislation. ●●

1909 “The sales department of the American Tobacco Company,” a 1909 report of the Bur rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story “The sales department of the American Tobacco Company,” a 1909 report of the Bureau of Corporations emphasized, “is so organized as to secure a high d ●●

1909 “The sales department of the American Tobacco Company,” a 1909 report of the Bur... rejected ai_extracted 1 cit. no story “The sales department of the American Tobacco Company,” a 1909 report of the Bureau of Corporations emphasized, “is so organized as to secure a high degree of efficiency ●●